scholarly journals The Internet, political trust, and regime types: a cross-national and multilevel analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu You ◽  
Zhengxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
The Internet ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Political Environments ◽  
The World ◽  
Regime Types ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Cross National

AbstractThe Internet has played important roles in driving political changes around the world. Why does it help to topple political regimes in some places but improve the quality of governance in others? We found Internet usage in general leads to citizens’ distrust in political institutions. Different political environments, however, can condition such trust-eroding impacts of the Internet in significantly different ways. A democracy enables citizens to connect their online behaviors and offline expression and organization, releasing political discontent while facilitating state–society communication. On the contrary, by restricting various forms of off-line expression, authoritarian regimes drive Internet-active citizens' discontent and distrust to higher levels. We use the World Values Survey data to establish these different mechanisms across democracies and authoritarian systems. Entropy balancing shows our findings to be highly robust.

Bureaucracy and the Failure of Politics: Challenges to Democratic Governance

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1576-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Meier ◽  
Mallory Compton ◽  
John Polga-Hecimovich ◽  
Miyeon Song ◽  
Cameron Wimpy
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Bureaucratic Reforms

Bureaucratic reforms worldwide seek to improve the quality of governance. In this article, we argue that the major governance failures are political, not bureaucratic, and the first step to better governance is to recognize the underlying political causes. Using illustrations from throughout the world, we contend that political institutions fail to provide clear policy goals, rarely allocate adequate resources to deal with the scope of the problems, and do not allow the bureaucracy sufficient autonomy in implementation. Rational bureaucratic responses to these problems, in turn, create additional governance problems that could have been avoided if political institutions perform their primary functions.

A Cross-national Examination of Political Trust in Adolescence: The Effects of Adolescents’ Educational Expectations and Country’s Democratic Governance

Young ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyungryeol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Citizenship Education ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
National Examination ◽  
Education Study ◽  
Cross National

Can the predisposition to attain education affect the trust adolescents have in their country’s political institutions? Utilizing data from 2009 International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS), this study examines the effect of educational expectations on adolescents’ political trust. My multilevel analyses produced nuanced results. While educational expectations have statistically significant effects on adolescents’ political trust in most countries, the direction and strength of such effects are conditional upon the country’s overall quality of existing democratic governance. Political trust in adolescence may well be a function of one’s predispositions to attain education as well as national democratic conditions.

Centripetal Democratic Governance: A Theory and Global Inquiry

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN GERRING ◽  
STROM C. THACKER ◽  
CAROLA MORENO
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Constitutional Level ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominant Paradigm

Why are some democratic governments more successful than others? What impact do various political institutions have on the quality of governance? This paper develops and tests a new theory of democratic governance. This theory, which we label centripetalism, stands in contrast to the dominant paradigm of decentralism. The centripetal theory of governance argues that democratic institutions work best when they are able to reconcile the twin goals of centralized authority and broad inclusion. At the constitutional level, our theory argues that unitary, parliamentary, and list-PR systems (as opposed to decentralized federal, presidential, and nonproportional ones) help promote both authority and inclusion, and therefore better governance outcomes. We test the theory by examining the impact of centripetalism on eight indicators of governance that range across the areas of state capacity, economic policy and performance, and human development. Results are consistent with the theory and robust to a variety of specifications.

Citizens’ media use and the accuracy of their perceptions of electoral integrity

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Coffé
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
The Internet ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Positive Effect

Combining data from the sixth wave (2010–2014) of the World Values Survey (WVS) and the 2012–2013 Perceptions of Electoral Integrity (PEI) expert survey, this study looks at the link between the frequency of citizens’ informational use of traditional media (newspapers, magazines, radio and TV) and the internet, and the accuracy of their perceptions of the electoral process, and investigates how this link varies depending on countries’ levels of press freedom. A multilevel analysis including data from 16 countries shows that the frequency of the use of traditional media has a significantly more positive effect on the accuracy of citizens’ perceptions of electoral integrity in countries with high levels of press freedom compared with countries with low levels of press freedom. The frequency of the use of the internet relates similarly to the accuracy of perceptions of electoral integrity in countries with high and low levels of press freedom.

ANALYZING INFORMAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A BIBLIOMETRIC SURVEY

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750022
Author(s):  
EUNICE MARIA M. N. DOS SANTOS ◽  
JOÃO J. FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Thomson Reuters ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Outputs ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Informal Entrepreneurship ◽  
Scopus Database

This study involves the analysis of the scientific outputs on informal entrepreneurship (IE hereafter) over the period from 1990 to 2016. We deploy a combination of bibliometric techniques such as citations, bibliographic coupling as well as approaching the social networks established. We sourced the contents thus analyzed from the online Thomson/Reuters-ISI database and the online Scopus database run by the Elsevier Publishing Company, which returned a total of 44 and 95 publications for analysis, respectively. From among the 139 articles analyzed, the journals Entrepreneurship and Regional Development and Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship stand out as the publishers of the largest number of articles. We encounter studies on IE in developing countries as a low-income activity that contributes to the economic development of the region. The motivations and the determinants of informality are common to the majority of the scientific outputs and effectively serving as the analytical basis either for arguing in favor of the formalization of the business. Another aspect present in the literature interrelates IE with the quality of governance and economic liberalization. This analysis facet ensures IE gains in scientific profile within the ongoing context of discussions over neoliberalism and its effects on the world economy.

Income Measures in Cross-National Surveys: Problems and Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Donnelly ◽  
Grigore Pop-Eleches
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Opinion Survey ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Public Opinion Survey ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
The World ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Income Measure ◽  
Cross National

Comparable household income measures are crucial for most social science analyses of cross-national public opinion survey data. However, income questions in many cross-national surveys suffer from comparability and interpretability limitations that have not been adequately addressed by the existing literature. In this article, we examine the income measure in one major survey, the World Values Survey (WVS), arguing that a variety of problems arise when drawing inferences—descriptive or causal, individual or aggregate—using the standard ten-category measure. We then propose and implement a number of corrections to these potential biases and present a series of diagnostics that confirm the importance of our proposed corrections. We conclude by documenting some of the same challenges in the income measures used in other cross-national surveys. The accompanying data set can be merged with the WVS to make better use of the income measure.

scholarly journals Are Cultural and Economic Conservatism Positively Correlated? A Large-Scale Cross-National Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1045-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Malka ◽  
Yphtach Lelkes ◽  
Christopher J. Soto
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The West ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The World ◽  
Mass Publics ◽  
The Right ◽  
National Test ◽  
Cross National

The right–left dimension is ubiquitous in politics, but prior perspectives provide conflicting accounts of whether cultural and economic attitudes are typically aligned on this dimension within mass publics around the world. Using survey data from ninety-nine nations, this study finds not only that right–left attitude organization is uncommon, but that it is more common for culturally and economically right-wing attitudes to correlate negatively with each other, an attitude structure reflecting a contrast between desires for cultural and economic protection vs. freedom. This article examines where, among whom and why protection–freedom attitude organization outweighs right–left attitude organization, and discusses the implications for the psychological bases of ideology, quality of democratic representation and the rise of extreme right politics in the West.

The globalized state: Measuring and monitoring governance

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Buduru ◽  
Leslie A. Pal
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Transparency International ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Powerful Mechanism ◽  
Freedom House

In the last 20 years, there has been an explosion of ‘governance indicators’ purporting to measure and track the quality of governance (especially public administration) among states. These indicators are sponsored by international agencies such as the World Bank, NGOs such as Transparency International and Freedom House, and private sector risk assessors. We argue that this web of standards marks a distinctive feature of globalized, if loose, coordination among states and an increase in monitoring and auditing functions. The article reviews the major governance indicators, their characteristics and limitations. We conclude that these indicators are a little noticed, but supremely powerful mechanism of discordant control and discipline on state systems around the world.

scholarly journals PENGARUH INTERNET TERHADAP PENURUNAN MINAT BELAJAR MAHASISWA

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Miskahuddin Miskahuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World

The Internet is one result of the sophistication and advancement of science and man-made technology. Various conveniences offered, one of which is social media. But unfortunately, this sophistication has an impact on the quality of education. The worst impact in the world of education that may result from social networking sites is beginning to decrease interest in student learning. This is probably because the student's learning motivation also becomes reduced because of the importance of social networking rather than the learning achievement. To minimize the negative impact, as users we must be more intelligent. Internet savvy is how an internet user can manage and utilize internet technology wisely tailored to the needs and not violate ethical and internet codes of ethics.

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