scholarly journals Learning Chinese: Walter A. Taylor, an American Architect in China (1923–27)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Stephanie Burette
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Home Country ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Western Hegemony

Abstract The American architect Walter A. Taylor, who was an Episcopal missionary in China from 1923 to 1927, intended to ‘desig[n] churches and other buildings that were Chinese and belonged to China’.2 Taylor found himself at a crossroads, between Christian architecture in his home country, the USA, which was experiencing a time of transition, and the birth of the Chinese Republic and its strong rejection of Western hegemony. This article investigates how Taylor tried to undertake his task, where he found inspiration and what this indigenized architecture looked like. I argue that, although his work aimed at participating in the shift towards indigenization, it bore the signs of Chinese culture as seen through the eyes of a Westerner and imperialism.

The information ethics perception gaps between Chinese and American students

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Ling-hsing Chang ◽  
Jim Q. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Information Ethics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Espoused Theory ◽  
American Students ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the impact of Chinese culture on the information ethics perception gaps between Chinese and American students. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative approach, this study utilizes Kohlberg’s Cognitive Moral Development model and an open-ended questionnaire to measure and analyze the gaps among information ethics perceptions of students from Taiwan, Mainland China, Hong Kong, and the USA, and to assess the extent to which the gaps are influenced by Chinese culture. Findings Students’ perceptions of intellectual property, information accuracy, privacy, and accessibility (PAPA) are deeply influenced by national culture. Sub-cultures have significant impact on the perceptions. Political systems, history, and legal environment may also play a role in the differences of PAPA perceptions among the three Chinese societies. The study also revealed that accuracy and intellectual property are the most deficient areas of moral developments in both Chinese and American samples. Research limitations/implications The sample sizes from Hong Kong and the USA were relatively small due to resource and time constraints. In addition, the subjects from Hong Kong and the USA were a little bit older than the subjects from Taiwan and Mainland China due to the fact that universities in HK and USA tend to have more non-traditional students than in universities in Mainland China and Taiwan. Second, the questionnaire is a limited means of studying moral reasoning because the results are likely to reflect espoused theory rather than theory-in-use. Practical implications The educational implication of this study calls for a renewed approach to educate students on the importance of information ethics for the sake of sustained economic development. Originality/value The novelty of this research lies in its interpretation of students’ PAPA perceptions and fresh insights from a Chinese guanxi perspective.

scholarly journals MIGRATIONS AS A RESULT OF THE GLOBALISATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Marián Mesároš ◽  
Josef Reitšpís
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Capital ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The globalisation of the world economy is a driving force of the development of the individual countries in the world. Mineral resources in some countries are very important for the development of such countries, however they also attract world economies that offer new technologies and new possibilities in the development of the infrastructure. The technological progress of less developed countries also brings undesirable accompanying phenomena, namely the dependence on spare parts, the inability of such countries to carry out an independent research development, and an inconspicuous lifestyle change of the population. Cheap labour force lures foreign capital and later, as a result of the change of political regimes, begins to have enhanced demands, including various trade union demands. This is the moment when the particular government starts being influenced, the population is dissatisfied and the dissatisfaction results in social riots. However, the foreign capital has meanwhile achieved its business interests and that is why it leaves the particular country. Subsequently, this results in internal problems and many times in migrations of the dissatisfied population. Research tools used to write this article was analysis, analysis, synthesis of available information, reports, scientific articles on the subject and subsequent deduction to identify conclusions. Following the latest findings, it takes at least ten years for migrants to start accepting laws and habitual practice of a particular foreign country. The same holds true for migrants from South America who decide to leave their home country to live in the USA. That is why the assimilation problem has to be solved very carefully and, if it is possible, to solve the problems of potential migrants on the territory of their home country.

The construct of information privacy concerns in the Chinese cultural setting

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Chen ◽  
Yuhui Zhang ◽  
Xiaogang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Information Privacy ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
The Usa

Purpose The significant cultural difference between China and Western countries, primarily the USA, suggests that it is necessary for researchers to take an emic approach to understand how the concept of privacy concerns is interpreted from the perspective of people from within the Chinese culture. However, all privacy concerns studies in the Chinese context have virtually adopted an etic approach. Therefore, this study aims to answer the following questions: What dimensions do privacy concerns encompass in the Chinese cultural context? What are the structural relationships among these dimensions? The authors answer these questions by conducting a mixed method research. Design/methodology/approach The authors first content analyzed Chinese news reports about information privacy and found that trading, management and awareness are relevant dimensions of privacy concerns. Further, the authors validated the three dimensions by surveying 185 Chinese consumers. Findings The data showed that Chinese consumers’ privacy concerns have a second-order factor structure, where the trading, management and awareness dimensions are first-order factors. Originality/value The results of this research contribute to the literature by developing the construct of privacy concerns that fits the context of Chinese culture and also point out possible managerial practices to mitigate Chinese consumers’ privacy concerns.

Managing expatriates in the United Arab Emirates: the role of host- and home-country mentors on expatriate career outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwan Tahir
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emotionally Focused ◽  
Human Resources Managers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Coping Tactics

Purpose This study aims to empirically explore how mentoring can help Western expatriates before, during and after the overseas assignment in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study is built on 20 in-depth interviews with Western expatriates currently working and living in the UAE. Findings This study demonstrates that expatriate mentoring is an important area largely unexplored in the literature. The results establish that host-country mentors are fundamentally responsible for helping expatriates to develop common problem-focused coping tactics, whereas home-country mentors predominantly address emotionally focused coping tactics during the pre-departure and repatriation phase of the expatriation process. Research limitations/implications Over 30 years’ worth of research literature was searched within the following major databases: ABI/INFORM, ERIC and PsycINFO. These databases contained articles, mainly in English, of limited scope, i.e. more academic than practical. This may have led to the omission of some expatriate mentoring approaches applied in practice by human resources managers, especially in countries where English is not the first language. Practical implications Mentors in both the host and home countries are crucial in assisting and supporting expatriates in developing constructive coping strategies that enhance the likelihood of a successful expatriation experience. Originality/value There is insufficient research in expatriate mentoring, which this study aims to address by focusing on Western expatriates in the UAE, a vibrant Arab, Muslim country whose local business environment is very different from that of China, Europe and the USA, which have been the main focus of prior research.

A world away and here at home: a prioritisation framework for US international patient programmes

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2020-106772
Author(s):  
Emily Berkman ◽  
Jonna Clark ◽  
Douglas Diekema ◽  
Nancy S Jecker
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Geographic Population ◽  
General Duty ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

Programmes serving international patients are increasingly common throughout the USA. These programmes aim to expand access to resources and clinical expertise not readily available in the requesting patients’ home country. However, they exist within the US healthcare system where domestic healthcare needs are unmet for many children. Focusing our analysis on US children’s hospitals that have a societal mandate to provide medical care to a defined geographic population while simultaneously offering highly specialised healthcare services for the general population, we assume that, given their mandate, priority will be given to patients within their catchment area over other patients. We argue that beyond prioritising patients within their region and addressing inequities within US healthcare, US institutions should also provide care to children from countries where access to vital medical services is unavailable or deficient. In the paper, we raise and attempt to answer the following: (1) Do paediatric healthcare institutions have a duty to care for all children in need irrespective of their place of residence, including international patients? (2) If there is such a duty, how should this general duty be balanced against the special duty to serve children within a defined geographical area to which an institution is committed, when resources are strained? (3) Finally, how are institutional obligations manifest in paradigm cases involving international patients? We start with cases, evaluating clinical and contextual features as they inform the strength of ethical claim and priority for access. We then proceed to develop a general prioritisation framework based on them.

Reputation spillover: corporate crises’ effects on country reputation

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Ingenhoff ◽  
Alexander Buhmann ◽  
Candace White ◽  
Tianduo Zhang ◽  
Spiro Kiousis
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Image ◽  
Attribution Of Responsibility ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Image Prior ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Media Reports

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how varying degrees of media-constructed associations between organizations and their home countries affect audience perceptions of such associations and, subsequently, how recipients attribute crisis responsibility and reputational damage to the home country. Additionally, the paper investigates if pre-crisis country image can buffer negative effects of the crisis for the country. Design/methodology/approach The authors hypothesize that the strength of actor associations in media reports about crises affects recipients’ cognitive processes of crisis responsibility attribution and, thus, the “direction” of reputational damage (corporation vs country). Empirically, the authors analyze the effects of different levels of actor association in crisis reports (strong actor association vs weak actor association) regarding a Chinese corporation in a one-factorial (between-subjects) experimental design; and the intervening effect of China’s country image prior to the crisis. Participants for the study lived in Switzerland and the USA. Findings The effect of different actor associations presented in the media on perceived association between a corporation and its home country is confirmed. Furthermore, these varying perceptions lead to significantly different tendencies in people’s ascriptions of crisis responsibility (corporation vs country), and different degrees of reputational fallout for the home countries. Finally, the data did not confirm a moderating effect of pre-crisis country image on the reputational damage caused by the crisis. Research limitations/implications The study contributes to the understanding of key factors in the formation of crisis attributions as well as insights for the study of country image and public diplomacy. Practical implications It provides a new approach for corporate communication and public diplomacy to analyze the complex interdependencies between countries and internationally visible and globally known corporations, which potentially affect the country’s perception abroad. Social implications Particularly for smaller countries that cannot rely on political and economic power to defend national interests in a global context, their “soft power” in terms of reputation and country image can play a central role in their political, economic, and cultural success. Originality/value The paper applies a new conceptual framework and methodology to analyze how both mediated and cognitive associations between different actors influence attribution of responsibility in crises, and how these associations ultimately bear on reputation spillover for the different actors.

scholarly journals Microsurgical education in Greece: past, present, and future

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
K. Gasteratos ◽  
G.-A. Spyropoulou ◽  
J. Georgoulis ◽  
A. Karonidis ◽  
D. Tentis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Training ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Training Standards ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Expert Faculty ◽  
Exhaustive List

The aim of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the history of microsurgery in Greece and how it evolved throughout the years. It is based on published literature as well as anecdotal evidence. It is by no means an exhaustive list of available resources and contributions. Microsurgery in Greece begins with Prof Soucacos who acquired his microsurgical skills in the USA (1970–1974), where he worked as a clinical and research fellow. After gaining invaluable experience, he returned to his home country, Greece, to establish a microsurgery replantation team in 1975. His team gained national recognition soon thereafter thanks to the many successes and innovations they achieved. The tradition is continued with contemporary microsurgical courses in Greece from expert faculty and a busy microsurgical practice in several centers across the country. The experimental educational program in microsurgery includes a blend of synthetic and live animal models, such as rats and rabbits. They include a complete exposure to basic and advanced practical exercises through several days. The simulation training models slowly but surely steadily advance to meet the training standards.

FACTOR ANALYSIS AND PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE CONNOR-DAVIDSON RESILIENCE SCALE (CD-RISC) WITH CHINESE PEOPLE

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Yu ◽  
Jianxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Data Matching ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Trait Factors

This study examines the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Connor and Davidson's Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; 2003), an American instrument originating from a posttraumatic stress disorder research program. Confirmatory factor analysis of the Chinese data failed to verify the original 5-factor structure of CD-RISC obtained in the USA, while exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 3-factor structure of resilience (labeled respectively as Tenacity, Strength, and Optimism). The reliability coefficient of the Chinese version of CD-RISC was 0.91. The validity of CD-RISC was also satisfying in terms of the actual data matching the expected correlation between resilience measure and the variables of selfesteem, life satisfaction, and personality trait factors of NEO-FFI. It is concluded that the construct of resilience and its measurement from the West can be helpful and applicable in understanding Chinese adaptive behaviors, however, the understanding of the construct may also need some modification according to Chinese culture.

scholarly journals George Pal, de vergeten Hongaarse Oscarwinnaar

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-77
Author(s):  
Maja Szűcs
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Film Maker ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Film Making

The name of the Hungarian animation film maker and producer George Pal (1908–1980) is almost unknown both in his home country Hungary and in the Netherlands, even though he played a key role in the formation of the Dutch animation film industry and was later granted with eight Oscars after he had emigrated to the USA. Once personally for the invention of a new animation film making technique, the so-called Puppetoon system. In this article I would like to summarize and fill his biography with until now unknown facts. Besides that, I would like to introduce his development, the puppetoon-system and demonstrate why we should see Pal as the founder of the Dutch industrial animation production.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study On Mental Distress Of Vietnamese Students In The U.S.A. In The Covid-19 Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc Cindy Pham ◽  
Juehui Richard Shi
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Cultural Barrier ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Teaching Modality

Objective: This paper aims to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affects the mental distress of the Vietnamese students in the USA. We explore different root causes of mental distress among international students who are away from their home country, their loved ones, and being isolated from school and community due to this outbreak. Design: In-depth interviews were conducted to probe the reasons for mental stress during the pandemic and the narrative textual analysis was subsequently performed to analyze the results. This research includes the interviews of 20 Vietnamese students in the USA during the COVID-19 era. Results: The textual analysis showed that the mental distress of these Vietnamese students were caused by limited access to on-campus facilities and activities, limited access to public services including grocery shopping, transportations, clinics, the possibility of being infected, isolated living condition due to the lockdown order, and inability to go back to the home country when wanted. Conclusions: We found that both physical attributes (e.g., living condition, internet difficulty, overwhelmed healthcare system, restricted traveling, lack of personal interaction, limited access to public services) and psychological factors (e.g., anxiety of unfamiliar teaching modality, fear of viral infection, uncertain career aspects, cultural barrier and prejudice) directly led to the mental distress of these students. Moreover, other factors such as turbulent future job markets and potential racism toward Asians in relation with “Chinese virus” may cause the mental distress of these students.

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