BLACK, TRIGUEÑO, WHITE … ? Shifting Racial Identification among Puerto Ricans

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Vargas-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Racial Identification ◽  
Racial Categories ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
The Impact

The use of U.S.-oriented racial categories in the 2000 decennial census conducted by the Census Bureau in Puerto Rico provided results that may not accurately reflect social dynamics in Puerto Rico, more generally, and inequality based on race, in particular. This work explores how variations in racial typologies used for the collection of data in Puerto Rico and the methodology used to collect such data produce widely ranging results on racial identification that in turn affect the measurement of the impact of “race” on social outcomes. Specifically, the analysis focuses on how the omission of locally based and meaningful racial terminology from census questionnaires leads to results on racial identification that differ markedly from those found in survey data that include such terminology. In addition, differing strategies to record the racial identification of Puerto Ricans on the island (i.e., self-identification versus identification by others), lead to variations that highlight the changing effect of race on socioeconomic status. Who identifies a person's race affects analyses of how race affects the life chances of individuals in Puerto Rico.

scholarly journals Harnessing Administrative Records for Official Statistics on People and Households

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Misty L Heggeness
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Federal Statistical ◽  
Fiction Writers ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Impact

The availability and excessiveness of alternative (non-survey) data sources, collected on a daily, hourly, and sometimes second-by-second basis, has challenged the federal statistical system to update existing protocol for developing official statistics. Federal statistical agencies collect data primarily through survey methodologies built on frames constructed from administrative records. They compute survey weights to adjust for non-response and unequal sampling probabilities, impute answers for nonresponse, and report official statistics via tabulations from these survey. The U.S. federal government has rigorously developed these methodologies since the advent of surveys -- an innovation produced by the urgent desire of Congress and the President to estimate annual unemployment rates of working age men during the Great Depression. In the 1930s, Twitter did not exist; high-scale computing facilities were not abundant let alone cheap, and the ease of the ether was just a storyline from the imagination of fiction writers. Today we do have the technology, and an abundance of data, record markers, and alternative sources, which, if curated and examined properly, can help enhance official statistics. Researchers at the Census Bureau have been experimenting with administrative records in an effort to understand how these alternative data sources can improve our understanding of official statistics. Innovative projects like these have advanced our knowledge of the limitations of survey data in estimating official statistics. This paper will discuss advances made in linking administrative records to survey data to-date and will summarize the research on the impact of administrative records on official statistics.

scholarly journals COVID-19’s Socioeconomic Impact on Low-Income Benefit Recipients: Early Evidence from Tracking Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 237802312097079
Author(s):  
Diana Enriquez ◽  
Adam Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Socioeconomic Impact ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
The Impact

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has introduced manifold dislocations in Americans’ lives. Using novel survey data samples of Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients and U.S. Census Bureau Household Pulse Survey data, the authors examine the incidence of COVID-19-induced hardships among low-income/benefits-eligible households during the early months of the crisis. Five repeated online surveys of SNAP recipients measured perceived and realized housing insecurity, food scarcity, new debt accrual, and recent job loss. These data were supplemented by creating parallel measures among all low-income households from Household Pulse Survey. Food insecurity and debt accrual grew more prevalent between from April to June 2020, and job losses compounded. Although the magnitude of racial differences varies across indicators and data sources, black respondents fared consistently worse than non-Hispanic whites in both survey data sets, and Latinx respondents fared worse than whites in the Household Pulse Survey. These results provide early systematic evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on poor Americans and racial disparities therein.

scholarly journals Conducting an immersive community-based assessment of post-hurricane experience among Puerto Ricans: lived experience of medical ecology in an environmental disaster and migration

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vega Ocasio ◽  
J. G. Pérez Ramos ◽  
T. D. V. Dye
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Humanitarian Emergency ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Participatory Health Research ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Two devastating sequential hurricanes impacted Puerto Rico during September of 2017. The hurricanes were traumatic and created social and ecological upheaval throughout Puerto Rico, and subsequently in communities of Central Florida where affected Puerto Ricans migrated. The 2017 hurricane season exposed and exacerbated previous long-standing socio-political, economic, environmental, and health crises, generating a humanitarian emergency in the country. The consequences of these human-ecological disasters destroyed much of Puerto Rico’s residential and environmental infrastructure, displacing thousands of people and resulting in an unprecedented migration to the United States. We report on the lived experience of the investigator team and partnership in conducting community-based formative research subsequent to this disaster, research that aimed to identify salient issues relating to the impact of Hurricanes Irma and María on Puerto Rican communities both in Puerto Rico and in Central Florida. Discussion The challenges faced during the conduct of this research include but are not limited to (1) emotional distress of participants and team members, (2) access to affected populations, and (3) precarious environmental factors, such as unstable infrastructure. To address these challenges, the researchers applied a Critical Medical Ecological paradigm along with qualitative methods to assist constructing explanatory models while obtaining internally-valid (from the community perspective), cathartic narrative accounts of the lived experience of hurricane survivors. The experience of the research team may help inform other investigators conducting applied research during a humanitarian crisis. Conclusion Lessons learned in this research included: (1) usefulness of applying the Critical Medical Ecological model in the development of the project, (2) incorporating participation and methods that prioritize authenticity, (3) understanding the trauma experience and using study methods sensitive to it, and (4) innovating with best approaches to conduct the study given the challenges in post-hurricane Puerto Rico. These lessons could provide new insights on how to conduct in-depth participatory health research with community members who have been traumatized and – often – displaced. This research also demonstrates the value of pre-existing partnerships, critical consciousness in the field team, and medical ecological modeling as experiential for organizing complex, inter-related, multi-level variables that explain community and individual impact of environmental disasters.

scholarly journals Mental Health of Chinese Online Networkers under COVID-19: A Sociological Analysis of Survey Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8843
Author(s):  
Yang Xiao ◽  
Yanjie Bian ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Residential Communities ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

This paper reports the results of a recent survey of Chinese WeChat networkers (n = 2015, August 2020) about China’s mental health conditions under COVID-19. The purpose of the survey was to measure symptoms of depression, anxiety, and somatization by using a standard 18-item battery and assess how the results were related to an individual’s socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and social capital under an ongoing pandemic. The survey reveals that the pandemic has had a significant impact, as the respondents had more serious mental symptoms when their residential communities exhibited a greater exposure to the spread of the virus. The socioeconomic status of the respondents was negatively associated with the mental symptoms. It modified the impact of COVID-19, and its effect was substantially mediated by measures of lifestyle and social capital.

Geographical Differentials in the Socioeconomic Status of Puerto Ricans: Human Capital Variations and Labor Market Characteristics

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1267-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
María E. Enchautegui
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
Puerto Rican Women ◽  
Female Headship

This article examines the role of human capital and labor market characteristics in explaining geographical and individual differentials in socioeconomic outcomes of Puerto Rican women. The better socioeconomic performance of Puerto Ricans outside the Northeast can be in part related to their larger amount of human capital. Labor market characteristics also play a role, but their effects are generally small. Net of other characteristics, Northeast residence reduces labor force participation, increases female headship, but reduces welfare use. Of all groups examined, recent migrants from Puerto Rico located in the Northeast show the poorest socioeconomic outcomes.

Socioeconomic differences in violent victimization: Exploring the impact of data source and the inclusivity of the violence concept

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko Aaltonen ◽  
Janne Kivivuori ◽  
Pekka Martikainen ◽  
Reino Sirén
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Violent Victimization ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Research on socioeconomic differences in violent victimization has relied on surveys. Nationally representative register-based data sets, increasingly used in Nordic criminology, have not been used in such research. We analyse socioeconomic differences in violent victimization in Finland using both survey and register-based data, and assess whether these differences vary by severity of violence. The results show that the data source and the inclusivity of the definition of violence affect the observed socioeconomic differences, with differentials being larger for more severe violence in both data sets and in register rather than in survey data. We conclude that the link between socioeconomic status and victimization is unquestionable when the risk of severe violence is studied.

WOMEN’S SOCIAL POWER, CHILD NUTRITION AND POVERTY IN MALI

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOMINIQUE SIMON ◽  
ALAYNE M. ADAMS ◽  
SANGEETHA MADHAVAN
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Child Malnutrition ◽  
Childhood Nutrition ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact

While the macro-level association between poverty and child malnutrition is well-established, the concept of ‘poverty’ and its operationalization in terms of measures of socioeconomic status shed little or no light on the mechanisms through which malnutrition is created and/or prevented. This paper investigates a woman’s social power, one such mechanism that may mediate the impact of poverty on childhood nutrition. This micro-level factor is examined using survey data on 402 children 5 years of age and younger and their 261 Fulbe mothers in rural Mali. A conceptual model of social power is developed and used to test the hypothesis that a mother’s social power can predict her child’s nutritional status.

Analysis of the influence of parents' going out on the mental health of left-behind children in rural areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Tao Guoqing
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Migrant Laborers ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
The Impact

With the continuous and deepening of urbanization in my country, more and more migrant laborers appear, accompanied by the emergence of left-behind children. As a representative of children with lower socioeconomic status, left-behind children in rural areas have different degrees of problems in physical and mental health and learning. This article uses China’s education tracking survey data to empirically analyze the impact of parents’going out on the mental health of left-behind children in rural areas. The study found that mothers play an indispensable role in the growth of children and have a significant impact on the development of children’s mental health. Therefore, in the policy of focusing on the protection of left-behind children, it is necessary to rationally allocate the arrangements for parents to take care of home and work outside to create a normal and suitable family atmosphere for the left-behind children.

Materialism and Green Purchase Intention: A Study of Urban Vietnamese Consumers

2017 ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Nguyen Thi Tuyet ◽  
Hung Nguyen Vu ◽  
Linh Nguyen Hoang ◽  
Minh Nguyen Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tpb Model ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

This study focuses on examining the impact of three components of materialism on green purchase intention for urban consumers in Vietnam, an emerging economy. An extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is applied as the conceptual framework for this study. The hypotheses are empirically tested using survey data obtained from consumers in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. The regression results show support for most of our hypotheses. The findings indicate that two out of three facets of materialism are significant predictors of green purchase intention. Specifically, success is found to be negatively related to purchase intention, while happiness is related positively to the intention. All three antecedents in the TPB model, including attitude towards green purchase, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control are also found to have positive impacts on purchase intention. The research findings are discussed and implications for managers and policy makers are provided.

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