scholarly journals The systematic uncertainties introduced by atomic data in nebular abundance determinations

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S323) ◽  
pp. 343-344
Author(s):  
Leticia Juan de Dios ◽  
Mónica Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Uncertainty ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Data Selection ◽  
Atomic Data ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Systematic Uncertainties

AbstractAtomic data selection is one important source of systematic uncertainty since there are important variations between the values provided by different authors. We explore the effect of using different atomic data in the determination of physical conditions and chemical abundances in a sample of Galactic planetary nebulae and Hii regions. We find that the available datasets introduce significant differences in the results, especially at densities above 104 cm−3, where O/H and N/O reach uncertainties higher than a factor of 4.

scholarly journals Imaging the elusive H-poor gas in planetary nebulae with large abundance discrepancy factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S323) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge García-Rojas ◽  
Romano L. M. Corradi ◽  
Henri M. J. Boffin ◽  
Hektor Monteiro ◽  
David Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Tunable Filter ◽  
Close Binary ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Binary Evolution ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Central Stars

AbstractThe discrepancy between abundances computed using optical recombination lines (ORLs) and collisionally excited lines (CELs) is a major, unresolved problem with significant implications for the determination of chemical abundances throughout the Universe. In planetary nebulae (PNe), the most common explanation for the discrepancy is that two different gas phases coexist: a hot component with standard metallicity, and a much colder plasma enhanced in heavy elements. This dual nature is not predicted by mass loss theories, and direct observational support for it is still weak. In this work, we present our recent findings that demonstrate that the largest abundance discrepancies are associated with close binary central stars. OSIRIS-GTC tunable filter imaging of the faint O ii ORLs and MUSE-VLT deep 2D spectrophotometry confirm that O ii ORL emission is more centrally concentrated than that of [Oiii] CELs and, therefore, that the abundance discrepancy may be closely linked to binary evolution.

The role of shocks in the determination of empirical abundances for type-I PNe

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S343) ◽  
pp. 377-378
Author(s):  
Roberto D. D. Costa ◽  
Paulo J. A. Lago
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Type I ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Chemical Abundances

AbstractWe investigate, in the light of new diagnostic diagrams, the role of shocks in the ionization profile of type-I planetary nebulae, and their relation to the empirical derivation of chemical abundances. We apply our technique to two well-known type-I objects: NGC 2440 and NGC 6302. Our results indicate that shocks play a very important role in the spectra of both nebulae and, since the presence of shocks reinforces the flux of low ionization lines, this artificial reinforcement can lead to incorrect chemical abundances, when they are derived through Ionization Correction Factors, at least for type-I PNe.

scholarly journals The impact of spectra quality on nebular abundances

2020 ◽  
Vol 495 (1) ◽  
pp. 1016-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Statistical Equilibrium ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Reference Spectrum ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Observational Errors ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT I explore the effects of observational errors on nebular chemical abundances using a sample of 179 optical spectra of 42 planetary nebulae (PNe) observed by different authors. The spectra are analysed in a homogeneous way to derive physical conditions and ionic and total abundances. The effects of recombination on the [O ii] and [N ii] emission lines are estimated by including the effective recombination coefficients in the statistical equilibrium equations that are solved for O+ and N+. The results are shown to be significantly different than those derived using previous approaches. The O+ abundances derived with the blue and red lines of [O ii] differ by up to a factor of 6, indicating that the relative intensities of lines widely separated in wavelength can be highly uncertain. In fact, the He ii lines in the range 4000–6800 Å imply that most of the spectra are bluer than expected. Scores are assigned to the spectra using different criteria and the spectrum with the highest score for each PN is taken as the reference spectrum. The differences between the abundances derived with the reference spectrum and those derived with the other spectra available for each object are used to estimate the 1σ observational uncertainties in the final abundances: 0.11 dex for O/H and Ar/H, 0.14 dex for N/H, Ne/H, and Cl/H, and 0.16 dex for S/H.

scholarly journals IFU Spectroscopy of Southern Planetary Nebulae V: Low-Ionisation Structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ali ◽  
M. A. Dopita
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Central Star ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Excitation ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Integral Field Spectroscopy

AbstractIn this fifth paper of the series, we examine the spectroscopy and morphology of four southern Galactic planetary nebulae Hen 2-141, NGC 5307, IC 2553, and PB 6 using new integral field spectroscopy data. The morphologies and ionisation structures of the sample are given as a set of emission-line maps. In addition, the physical conditions, chemical compositions, and kinematical characteristics of these objects are derived. The results show that PB 6 and Hen 2-141 are of very high excitation classes and IC 2553 and NGC 5307 are mid to high excitation objects. The elemental abundances reveal that PB 6 is of Type I, Hen 2-141 and IC 2553 are of Type IIa, and NGC 5307 is of Type IIb/III. The observations unveil the presence of well-defined low-ionisation structures or ‘knots’ in all objects. The diagnostic diagrams reveal that the excitation mechanism of these knots is probably by photoionisation of dense material by the nebular central stars. The physical analysis of six of these knots show no significant differences with their surrounding nebular gas, except their lower electron densities. In spite of the enhancement of the low-ionisation emission lines of these knots, their chemical abundances are nearly comparable to their surrounding nebulae, with the exception of perhaps slightly higher nitrogen abundances in the NGC 5307 knots. The integrated spectrum of IC 2553 reveals that nearly all key lines that have led researchers to characterise its central star as a weak-emission line star type are in fact of nebular origin.

scholarly journals Planetary Nebulae in the Andromeda Galaxy and its Companions

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 19-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holland C. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Direct Measure ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Andromeda Galaxy ◽  
Powerful Means

The identification and observation of planetary nebulae in the Andromeda galaxy (M31) and its companions provide a powerful means of studying their old stellar populations. The direct determination of chemical abundances and radial velocities for even the brightest individual old stars is impossible at the distance of M31. The strongest emission lines of planetary nebulae are as bright as the entire visual continuum of the most luminous giants. Consequently, spectrophotometry of planetary nebulae presently provides the only direct measure of chemical abundances, and, with the exception of globular clusters, the only radial velocity determinations for the old populations.

Spectrophotometry of Selected Planetary Nebulae of Type I in the Magellanic Clouds

1993 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 584-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Torres-Peimbert ◽  
M. Peimbert ◽  
M.T. Ruitz ◽  
M. Peña
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Magellanic Clouds ◽  
Type I ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Spectroscopic Observations ◽  
Physical Conditions

We carried out spectroscopic observations of N67 (in the SMC), and N66, N97 and N102 (in the LMC) with the 4-m telescope of CTIO. The wavelength range is λλ 3500–7400. From these we obtained physical conditions and chemical abundances of these objects.

scholarly journals The impact of strong recombination on temperature determination in planetary nebulae

2020 ◽  
Vol 498 (1) ◽  
pp. L82-L86
Author(s):  
V Gómez-Llanos ◽  
C Morisset ◽  
J García-Rojas ◽  
D Jones ◽  
R Wesson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Atomic Physics ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Recombination Coefficient ◽  
Recombination Line ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Temperature Diagnostic ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The long-standing difference in chemical abundances determined from optical recombination lines and collisionally excited lines raises questions about our understanding of atomic physics, as well as the assumptions made when determining physical conditions and chemical abundances in astrophysical nebulae. Here, we study the recombination contribution of [O iii] 4363 and the validity of the line ratio [O iii] 4363/4959 as a temperature diagnostic in planetary nebulae with a high abundance discrepancy. We derive a fit for the recombination coefficient of [O iii] 4363 that takes into account the radiative and dielectronic recombinations, for electron temperatures from 200 to 30 000 K. We estimate the recombination contribution of [O iii] 4363 for the planetary nebulae Abell 46 and NGC 6778 by subtracting the collisional contribution from the total observed flux. We find that the spatial distribution for the estimated recombination contribution in [O iii] 4363 follows that of the O ii 4649 recombination line, both peaking in the central regions of the nebula, especially in the case of Abell 46 that has a much higher abundance discrepancy. The estimated recombination contribution reaches up to 70 and 40 per cent of the total [O iii] 4363 observed flux, for Abell 46 and NGC 6778, respectively.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Galactic Planetary Nebulae and HII Regions in Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies: New Determination

2003 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 565-566
Author(s):  
V.V. Holovatyy ◽  
N.V. Havrylova ◽  
B.Ya. Melekh
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Hii Regions ◽  
Astronomical Observatory ◽  
Atomic Data ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Hii Region ◽  
National University

The expressions of new ionization-correction factors (ICF) (see these Proceedings) are employed for the determination of chemical composition of the 200 galactic planetary nebulae(PN) and 43 HII regions in blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDG). We have used PN spectra from different papers published previously (> 100) and HII region spectra from (Izotov, Thuan, & Lipovetsky 1.994, Izotov, Thuan, & Lipovetsky 1997, Thuan, Izotov, & Lipovetsky hys. J. 1995). Code DIAGN (Holovatyy et al. 1999) developed at Astronomical Observatory of Lviv National University is also used. Atomic data for determination of ne, Te and the ionic abundances (A+i/H+) were modified to be compatible with the CLOUDY94 code (Ferland G.J. 1999).

scholarly journals On the Determination of Physical Conditions in the Nebulae

1968 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
A.A. Boyarchuk ◽  
R.E. Gershberg ◽  
N.V. Godovnikov ◽  
V.I. Pronik
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Physical Theory ◽  
Line Emission ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Flare Stars

Following the well-known physical theory of recombination and forbidden-line emission, we have carried out calculations which may be useful for a quantitative analysis of the observations of planetary nebulae and other emission objects (diffuse nebulae, emission details in extragalactic nebulae, symbiotic and flare stars). As the result, we have a set of four types of graphs.

scholarly journals The Galactic radial abundance gradients of C, N, O, Ne, S, Cl, and Ar from deep spectra of H ii regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 496 (2) ◽  
pp. 1051-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Z Arellano-Córdova ◽  
C Esteban ◽  
J García-Rojas ◽  
J E Méndez-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Spiral Galaxies ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Atomic Data ◽  
H Ii Regions ◽  
Galactic Disc ◽  
Ionized Gas ◽  
Physical Conditions

ABSTRACT We present a reassessment of the radial abundance gradients of C, N, O, Ne, S, Cl, and Ar in the Milky Way using deep spectra of 33 H ii regions gathered from the literature, covering Galactocentric distances from 6 to 17 kpc. The distances of the objects have been revised using Gaia parallaxes. We recalculate the physical conditions and ionic abundances in an homogeneous way using updated atomic data. All the objects have direct determination of the electron temperature, permitting to derive their precise ionic abundances. We analyse and compare different ICF schemes for each element in order to obtain the most confident total abundances. Due to the revised distances, our results do not support previous claims about a possible flattening of the O/H gradient in the inner Galactic disc. We find that the Galactic N/O gradient is rather flat, in contrast to what has been found in other spiral galaxies. The slope of the gradients of some elements is sensitive to the ICF scheme used, especially in the case of Ne. The dispersion around the fit for the gradients of C, N, O, S, Cl, and Ar is of the order of the typical uncertainties in the determination of the abundances, implying the absence of significant inhomogeneities in the chemical composition of the ionized gas phase of the ISM. We find flat gradients of log(S/O) and log(Cl/O) and very shallow or flat ones for log(Ne/O) and log(Ar/O), consistent with a lockstep evolution of Ne, S, Cl, and Ar with respect to O.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document