Understanding recent increases in chronic disease treatment rates: more disease or more detection?

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Howard ◽  
Kenneth E. Thorpe ◽  
Susan H. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Disease Treatment

AbstractThe proportion of the population treated for major medical conditions, including diabetes, cancer and mental illness, increased rapidly during the 1990s. We document the magnitude of these increases and use a model of prevalence to identify three potential causes: increased clinical incidence of disease, longer survival times among persons with chronic illnesses and increased detection. We present a series of analyses to evaluate the contribution of each factor. We find that increases in obesity explain a large proportion of the increase in treatment rates for conditions closely linked to obesity (e.g. diabetes). We provide some evidence that increases in treated prevalence unexplained by changes in the underlying clinical incidence of disease are driven by increased detection and treatment of patients with ‘subclinical’ illness.

A syndemics approach to exercise is medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 136345932110214
Author(s):  
Caitlin Vitosky Clarke ◽  
Brynn C Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Narrow Scope ◽  
The Social ◽  
Exercise Promotion ◽  
The Impact

This paper offers new insights into the promotion of the Exercise is Medicine (EIM) framework for mental illness and chronic disease. Utilising the Syndemics Framework, which posits mental health conditions as corollaries of social conditions, we argue that medicalized exercise promotion paradigms both ignore the social conditions that can contribute to mental illness and can contribute to mental illness via discrimination and worsening self-concept based on disability. We first address the ways in which the current EIM framework may be too narrow in scope in considering the impact of social factors as determinants of health. We then consider how this narrow scope in combination with the emphasis on independence and individual prescriptions may serve to reinforce stigma and shame associated with both chronic disease and mental illness. We draw on examples from two distinct research projects, one on exercise interventions for depression and one on exercise interventions for multiple sclerosis (MS), in order to consider ways to improve the approach to exercise promotion for these and other, related populations.

scholarly journals Making decisions about chronic disease treatment: a comparison of parents and their adolescent children

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 716-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen A. Lipstein ◽  
Cassandra M. Dodds ◽  
Daniel J. Lovell ◽  
Lee A. Denson ◽  
Maria T. Britto
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Treatment

scholarly journals Expected ages in the patients of chronic diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intesaruk Rashid Khan ◽  
Ahmed Imran Siddiqui ◽  
Wafa Aftab
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Wards

This retrospective study was conducted to find out the expected ages in the patients of hepatic cirrhosis, chronic renal failure and heart failure. This study thus covers most of the patients of out medical wards presenting with chronic illnesses. On comparison of these expected ages it is also found that the expected age in all these three groups is not much different. So, the disease process or the mechanism of the chronic disease in the body may be different, but somehow the final out come is not much different in terms of life span.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF RUQYAH SYAR’IYYAH ON PHYSICAL DISEASE TREATMENT IN RIAU PROVINCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adynata Adynata ◽  
Idris Idris
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Physical Disease ◽  
Manual Method ◽  
Medical Disease

Ruqyah Syar’iyyah is one of Sunnah Prophet Muhammad in treating diseases and disorders syaithan, that is by reciting Al-Qur’an verses and praying. Most Muslims understand that ruqyah Syar’iyyah is only effectively treat non-medical disease or illness caused by psychiatric disorders and jin, whereas medical illness to be treated by medical means, Though al-Qur’an Surat al-Isra’ verses 82 mentions that al-Qur’an is as a bidder (a cure) and a mercy for believers without distinction of medications for non-medical or medical illness. Based on the research of writer in 2015, there are two methods ruqyah Syar’iyyah in Riau Province, which is manual method and practical Qur’anic Healing method. In fact, there are many chronic medical illnesses cannot be treated by doctors, but these diseases can be treated and cured by ruqyah without being accompanied by medication. Thus, ruqyah Syar’iyyah is not only effectively treat mental illness, but also effectively treat medical ailments

scholarly journals Chronic disease health risk behaviours amongst people with a mental illness

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 731-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M Bartlem ◽  
Jennifer A Bowman ◽  
Jacqueline M Bailey ◽  
Megan Freund ◽  
Paula M Wye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours

Álvaro’s Casket

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Bronwen Horton
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Consumer Confidence ◽  
Heat Illness ◽  
Physiological Level

This chapter explains how migrant men’s longstanding exclusion from subsidized health care, such as Medicaid, allows their chronic illnesses to remain undiagnosed. Even as the Affordable Care Act made childless adult migrants eligible for Medicaid in 2014, men’s longstanding exclusion continues to discourage them from seeking care. Meanwhile, when migrant men enter the fields, hypertension and heart disease place them at higher risk of a heart attack. Thus men’s undiagnosed ailments and heat illness form a syndemic—a cluster of conditions that interact at the physiological level and exacerbate the damage caused by each alone. Meanwhile the produce industry’s concern to maintain consumer confidence through new food safety audits only exacerbates workers’ hypertension and encourages heat illness. Attention to the synergistic interaction between chronic disease and heat illness thus raises provocative questions about how to accurately count heat deaths in California’s fields while shedding new light on farmwork’s death toll.

Noncommunicable Diseases in Crisis Regions

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Sujatha Sankaran ◽  
Sriram Shamasunder ◽  
Marcia Glass ◽  
Mhoira E.F. Leng
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Symptomatic Management ◽  
Infectious Etiology

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) include a broad umbrella of illnesses that do not have an infectious etiology and usually need a chronic disease approach. Much of the challenge behind caring for patients with NCDs in resource-limited settings is the paradigm shift that many patients require from receiving medical care for acute illnesses to managing chronic illnesses. A few common NCDs are reviewed here—cardiomyopathies, dementia, cirrhosis, malignancies, and kidney disease. The etiologies and symptomatic management of each of these conditions in crisis regions are reviewed.

scholarly journals Collective impact of chronic medical conditions and poverty on perinatal mental illness: population-based cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163
Author(s):  
Mary-Rose Faulkner ◽  
Lucy C. Barker ◽  
Simone N. Vigod ◽  
Cindy-Lee Dennis ◽  
Hilary K Brown
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Collective Impact ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Treatment Pathways ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundChronic medical conditions (CMCs) and poverty commonly co-occur and, while both have been shown to independently increase the risk of perinatal mental illness, their collective impact has not been examined.MethodsThis population-based study included 853 433 Ontario (Canada) women with a singleton live birth and no recent mental healthcare. CMCs were identified using validated algorithms and disease registries, and poverty was ascertained using neighbourhood income quintile. Perinatal mental illness was defined as a healthcare encounter for a mental health or substance use disorder in pregnancy or the first year postpartum. Modified Poisson regression was used to test the independent impacts of CMC and poverty on perinatal mental illness risk, adjusted for covariates, and additive interaction between the two exposures was assessed using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and synergy index (SI).ResultsCMC and poverty were each independently associated with increased risk of perinatal mental illness (CMC vs no CMC exposure: 19.8% vs 15.6%, adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.21, 95% CI (CI) 1.20 to 1.23; poverty vs no poverty exposure: 16.7% vs 15.5%, aRR 1.06, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.07). However, measures of additive interaction for the collective impact of both exposures on perinatal mental illness risk were not statistically significant (RERI 0.02, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.06; SI 1.09, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.24).ConclusionCMC and poverty are independent risk factors for perinatal mental illness and should be assessed as part of a comprehensive management programme that includes prevention strategies and effective screening and treatment pathways.

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