scholarly journals Optimization of the conductivity of microwave components printed by inkjet and aerosol jet on polymeric substrates by IPL and laser sintering

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Chaimaa El Hajjaji ◽  
Nicolas Delhote ◽  
Serge Verdeyme ◽  
Malgorzata Piechowiak ◽  
Laurence Boyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Quality Factor ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Sintering Time ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Nanoparticle Inks ◽  
Polymeric Substrates ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

Abstract In this work, microwave planar resonators are printed with silver nanoparticle inks using two printing technologies, inkjet printing and aerosol jet printing, on polyimide substrates. The microwave resonators used in this paper operate in the frequency band 5–21 GHz. The printing parameters, such as the number of printed layers of silver nanoparticle inks, drop spacing, and sintering time, were optimized to ensure repeatable and conductive test patterns. To improve the electrical conductivity of silver deposits, which are first dried using a hot plate or an oven, two complementary sintering methods are used: intense pulsed light (IPL) and laser sintering. This paper presents the results of different strategies for increasing the final quality factor of printed planar resonators and the trade-offs (sintering time versus final conductivity/unloaded Q) that can be reached. Improvement of the resonator unloaded quality factor (up to +55%) and of the equivalent electrical conductivity (up to 14.94 S/μm) at 14 GHz have been obtained thanks to these nonconventional sintering techniques. The total sintering durations of different combinations of sintering techniques (hot plate, oven, IPL, and laser) range from 960 to 90 min with a final conductivity from 14.94 to 7.1 S/μm at 14 GHz, respectively.

scholarly journals Selective laser sintering of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle inks on paper substrates to achieve highly conductive patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enkeleda Balliu ◽  
Henrik Andersson ◽  
Magnus Engholm ◽  
Thomas Öhlund ◽  
Hans-Erik Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Nanoparticle Inks ◽  
Paper Substrates

scholarly journals Empirical laser sintering time estimator for Duraform PA

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (23) ◽  
pp. 5131-5146 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ruffo ◽  
C. Tuck ◽  
R. Hague
Keyword(s):  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Sintering Time

Localized Laser Sintering of Metal Nanoparticle Inks Printed with Aerosol Jet® Technology for Flexible Electronics

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Renn ◽  
Matthew Schrandt ◽  
Jaxon Renn ◽  
James Q. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Nanoparticle Inks ◽  
Short Heating Time

Direct-write methods, such as the Aerosol Jet® technology, have enabled fabrication of flexible multifunctional 3-D devices by printing electronic circuits on thermoplastic and thermoset polymer materials. Conductive traces printed by additive manufacturing typically start in the form of liquid metal nanoparticle inks. To produce functional circuits, the printed metal nanoparticle ink material must be postprocessed to form conductive metal by sintering at elevated temperature. Metal nanoparticles are widely used in conductive inks because they can be sintered at relatively low temperatures compared with the melting temperature of bulk metal. This is desirable for fabricating circuits on low-cost plastic substrates. To minimize thermal damage to the plastics, while effectively sintering the metal nanoparticle inks, we describe a laser sintering process that generates a localized heat-affected zone (HAZ) when scanning over a printed feature. For sintering metal nanoparticles that are reactive to oxygen, an inert or reducing gas shroud is applied around the laser spot to shield the HAZ from ambient oxygen. With the shroud gas-shielded laser, oxygen-sensitive nanoparticles, such as those made of copper and nickel, can be successfully sintered in open air. With very short heating time and small HAZ, the localized peak sintering temperature can be substantially higher than that of damage threshold for the underlying substrate, for effective metallization of nanoparticle inks. Here, we demonstrate capabilities for producing conductive tracks of silver, copper, and copper–nickel alloys on flexible films as well as fabricating functional thermocouples and strain gauge sensors, with printed metal nanoparticle inks sintered by shroud-gas-shielded laser.

scholarly journals Pico- to nanosecond pulsed laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) of silver nanoparticle inks: a comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mikšys ◽  
G. Arutinov ◽  
G. R. B. E. Römer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Laser Fluence ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Picosecond Laser ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Forward Transfer ◽  
Nanoparticle Inks

Abstract Silver nanoparticle inks are among the key functional materials used in printed electronics. Depositing it by laser-induced forward transfer remains a challenging task because the non-linear rheological nature of these inks narrows the range of the laser processing parameters. Understanding, therefore, the influence of the laser parameters on the ejection dynamics and deposition quality is of critical importance. The influence of the laser pulse duration from pico- to nanosecond-laser-induced jet dynamics was investigated using time-resolved shadowgraphy imaging. Jet speed and surface area analyses showed that in the lower laser fluence level range, picosecond pulses induce higher surface area ejections which propagate at higher velocities. As the laser fluence levels were increased, the difference in jet velocity and surface area evolutions narrows. Deposition analysis showed a similar behavior with lower transfer thresholds and larger depositions at lower fluence range when picosecond-laser pulses were used.

scholarly journals Optimized inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle films: theoretical and experimental investigations

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (35) ◽  
pp. 19679-19689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreemannarayana Mypati ◽  
Shankar R. Dhanushkodi ◽  
Michael McLaren ◽  
Aristides Docoslis ◽  
Brant A. Peppley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Nanoparticle Films ◽  
Sintering Time

Systematic study of printing scheme and sintering time and temperature on the conductivity of silver flims on glass.

Process Capability of Aerosol-Jet Additive Processes for Long-Runs Up to 10-Hours

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Lall ◽  
Amrit Abrol ◽  
Nakul Kothari ◽  
Benjamin Leever ◽  
Scott Miller
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Process Capability ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Additive Processes ◽  
Sintering Time ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Aerosol Jet Printing

Abstract Traditionally, printed circuit assemblies have been fabricated through a combination of imaging and plating-based subtractive processes involving the use of photo-exposure followed by baths for plating and etching in order to form the necessary circuitry on rigid and flexible laminates. The emergence of a number of additive technologies presents an opportunity for the development of processes for manufacturing of flexible substrates by utilizing mainstream additive processes. Aerosol-jet printing is capable of printing lines and spaces below 10 μm in width. The aerosol-jet system also supports a wide variety of materials, including nanoparticle inks, screen-printing pastes, conductive polymers, insulators, adhesives, and biological matter. The adoption of additive manufacturing for high-volume commercial fabrication requires an understanding of the print consistency and electrical mechanical properties. Little literature that addresses the effect of varying sintering time and temperature on the shear strength and resistivity of the printed lines exists. In this study, the effect of process parameters on the resultant line consistency and mechanical and electrical properties has been studied. Print process parameters studied include sheath rate, mass flow rate, nozzle size, substrate temperature, and chiller temperature. Properties include resistance and shear load to failure of the printed electrical line as a function of varying sintering time and temperature. The aerosol-jet machine has been used to print interconnects. Printed samples have been exposed to different sintering times and temperatures. The resistance and shear load to failure of the printed lines have been measured. The underlying physics of the resultant trend was then investigated using elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of line consistency drift over prolonged runtimes has been measured for up to 10 h of runtime. The printing process efficiency has been gaged as a function of the process capability index (Cpk) and process capability ratio (Cp). Printed samples were studied offline utilizing optical profilometry in order to analyze the consistency within the line width, height, and resistance, and shear load to study the variance in electrical and mechanical properties over time.

scholarly journals Induction Sintering of Silver Nanoparticle Inks on Polyimide Substrates

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1900897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Tan ◽  
Nitipon Saengchairat ◽  
Guo Liang Goh ◽  
Jia An ◽  
Chee Kai Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Nanoparticle Inks
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