scholarly journals Moving beyond a ‘one-size-fits-all’ rationale in global mental health: prospects of a precision psychology paradigm

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Purgato ◽  
Rakesh Singh ◽  
Ceren Acarturk ◽  
Pim Cuijpers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social

Abstract Research on the effectiveness of mental health and psychosocial support interventions for common mental disorders in global mental health provides controversial results. These results are based on mean values for different groups, often without due consideration of individual-level characteristics and contextual factors. Against this background, and based on the recent development of a precision theoretical framework in clinical psychology, which is calling for a renewed perspective on the development and implementation of trial designs, we propose to develop a precision psychology paradigm in global mental health, with emphasis not only on individual clinical and socio-demographic data, but also on the social determinants of mental health. A precision psychology paradigm would require a coordinated action of academics, stakeholders and humanitarian workers in planning a global mental health research agenda, including the design of trials aimed at reliably approximate prediction of intervention response at individual level.

scholarly journals The National Institute of Mental Health: Research Agenda and Priorities in Geriatrics and Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 621-621
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Necka
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Affective Science ◽  
Prevention Interventions

Abstract The Geriatrics and Aging Processes Research Branch of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) supports research on the etiology, pathophysiology, and trajectory of late life mental disorders. The branch encourages research using neuroscience, cognitive and affective science, and social and behavioral science to translate basic and preclinical research to clinical research. The branch prioritizes research that investigates neuropsychiatric disorders of aging, how they interact with neurodevelopment/neurodegeneration, and how to assess, treat, and prevent them. Of particular interest is research on social isolation and suicide. Suicide prevention research is an urgent priority: NIMH’s portfolio includes projects aimed at identifying those at risk for suicide, understanding causes of suicide risk, developing suicide prevention interventions, and testing the effectiveness of these interventions and services in real-world settings. In this talk, a NIMH program official will discuss the NIMH research agenda in the domain of late-life mental illness, social isolation, and suicide.

Perceived Service Need After Hurricane Sandy in a Representative Sample of Survivors: The Roles of Community-Level Damage and Individual-Level Stressors

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sampson ◽  
Sarah R. Lowe ◽  
Oliver Gruebner ◽  
Gregory H. Cohen ◽  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Building Damage ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Service Need

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to explore how individually experienced disaster-related stressors and collectively experienced community-level damage influenced perceived need for mental health services in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study we analyzed 418 adults who lived in the most affected areas of New York City at the time of the storm. Participants indicated whether they perceived a need for mental health services since the storm and reported on their exposure to disaster-related stressors (eg, displacement, property damage). We located participants in communities (n=293 census tracts) and gathered community-level demographic data through the US Census and data on the number of damaged buildings in each community from the Federal Emergency Management Agency Modeling Task Force.ResultsA total of 7.9% of participants reported mental health service need since the hurricane. Through multilevel binomial logistic regression analysis, we found a cross-level interaction (P=0.04) between individual-level exposure to disaster-related stressors and community-level building damage. Individual-level stressors were significantly predictive of individual service needs in communities with building damage (adjusted odds ratio: 2.56; 95% confidence interval: 1.58-4.16) and not in communities without damage.ConclusionIndividuals who experienced individual stressors and who lived in more damaged communities were more likely to report need for services than were other persons after Hurricane Sandy. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:428–435)

scholarly journals The epidemiology of common mental disorders in Libya: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Abdulshafea ◽  
Abdul Hakim Rhouma ◽  
Nadeem Gire ◽  
Ali AlMadhoob ◽  
Usman Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Introduction There has been a global increase in the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD), particularly in conflict hotspots. The limited amount of resources is one of the key barriers to effective treatment within Low- and Middle-income countries (LAMICs). The lack of service provision for mental health disorders in LAMICs has resulted in limited opportunities to conduct mental health research. Libya is a North African country that has suffered from ongoing conflict with the current political unrest in Libya further impacting the mental health of the population. Main text The aim of this review is to conduct a synthesis of evidence regarding the estimated prevalence and associated risk factors of CMD in Libya. A search was completed in the academic databases; PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINHAL, and the Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC) from inception to March 2020. Only studies that investigated prevalence and associated risk factors of CMD in Libya were included. A total of 219 studies were identified of which 15 met the inclusion criteria for the review. There were (n = 3) papers investigated the prevalence of depression, (n = 4) studies were focused on stress-related disorders and the remaining papers looked at both anxiety and depression. Statistically, sample sizes of the included studies ranged from (n = 41–13,031) for the prevalence studies (mean = 1188.6, median = 233). Conclusion The status of Libya as a conflict hotspot has led to a reduced level of epidemiological data on mental health, with a vital need to conduct research in CMD. Libya requires better clinical governance which can allow for more scientific research into CMD and enabling the Libyan government to develop evidence-based policy initiatives for CMD.

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