Books in Brief

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-480
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Latin American ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Editorial Office ◽  
Latin American Politics ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
First Republic ◽  
Foreign Policies

The editorial office has received a number of edited volumes that will be of interest to our readership. To introduce these works, we occasionally list in this section the publication information and tables of contents entries. The five volumes selected for this issue examine the Great Depression in Latin America, immigration and national identities, Latin American foreign policies, Latin American politics and development, and civic life and culture in Cuba's First Republic.

Always Protectionist? Latin American Tariffs from Independence to Great Depression

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN H. COATSWORTH ◽  
JEFFREY G. WILLIAMSON
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Trading Partner ◽  
Strategic Responses ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
American Policy ◽  
Surprising Fact ◽  
Better Than

This article reports a fact that has not been well appreciated: tariffs in Latin America were the world's highest long before the Great Depression. This is a surprising fact, given that Latin America is believed to have exploited globalisation forces better than most regions before the 1920s, and given that the 1930s have always been viewed as the critical decade when Latin American policy became so anti-global. The explanation does not lie with imagined output gains from protection in these young republics, but rather with state revenue needs, strategic responses to trading partner tariffs and a need to compensate globalisation's losers.

scholarly journals Money Doctors and Latin American Central Banks at the Onset of the Great Depression

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Juan Flores Zendejas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Monetary Regime ◽  
Capital Outflows ◽  
New Institutions

Abstract Many of today's central banks in Latin America were established in the interwar period. During the 1920s, most of them were designed under the influence of money doctors. The main mandate of these new institutions was to cope with inflation and provide exchange stability. This article analyses how these central banks responded to the onset of the Great Depression. I show that, in accordance with the requirements of the monetary regime, central banks initially acted to prevent capital outflows and to protect their gold reserves. This led to a credit drop to the private sector. Additional credit was made available once governments decided to intervene more actively in the economy, thereby disregarding the advice of money doctors. The central banks that were founded in the 1930s, and the reforms introduced to those already operating, were conceived to face the effects of the crisis.

Book Reviews

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1040
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Senior Lecturer ◽  
Latin American History ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Impact

David S. C. Chu of Institute for Defense Analyses reviews “The Great Depression in Latin America”, by Paulo Drinot and Alan Knight. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Ten papers examine the consequences of the Great Depression in Latin America in terms of the role of the state, party-political competition, and the formation of working-class and other social and political movements, and consider how regional transformations interacted with, and differed from, global processes. Papers discuss the impact of the Great Depression on Argentine society (Roy Hora); Chilean workers and the Great Depression, 1930–38 (Angela Vergara); change with continuity—Brazil from 1930 to 1945 (Joel Wolfe); the Great Depression in Peru (Paulo Drinot and Carlos Contreras); export protectionism and the Great Depression—multinational corporations, domestic elite, and export policies in Colombia (Marcelo Bucheli and Luis Felipe Sáenz); political transition in an age of extremes—Venezuela in the 1930s (Doug Yarrington); indigenista dictators and the problematic origins of democracy in Central America (Jeffrey L. Gould); the character and consequences of the Great Depression in Mexico (Alan Knight); Cuba—depression, imperialism, and revolution, 1920–40 (Gillian McGillivray); and the Great Depression in Latin America—an overview (Knight). Drinot is Senior Lecturer in Latin American History with the Institute of the Americas at University College London. Knight is Professor of the History of Latin America at the University of Oxford.”

scholarly journals HOW INDUSTRIALISED WAS MEXICO BY 1929? A SMALL BUT NECESSARY CORRECTION TO MEXICO’S NATIONAL ACCOUNTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Kuntz-Ficker
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Metallurgical Sector ◽  
Industrialised Countries

AbstractThe purpose of this work is to correct an error contained in the historical record of Mexico’s GDP which has led to underestimate considerably the progress achieved by industrialisation in the Mexican economy before the Great Depression, also distorting its position within the Latin American context. This error consists in the misleading identification of industry with manufacture, ignoring the contribution to Mexican industrial production made by the metallurgical sector. By incorporating the value added from metallurgy to the net output of manufacture the share of industry in GDP grows accordingly, placing Mexico among the most industrialised countries of Latin America by the end of the export era.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Great Depression in Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Cristian Paúl Naranjo Navas ◽  
Andrés David Naranjo Navas ◽  
Alegría Cumandá Navas Labanda
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Break Point ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Quick Recovery ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>This investigation started with an inquiry: did the Great Depression impact Latin America similarly? Does the case of Ecuador represent a point of dissimilarity? Ecuador does represent an atypical case in the region. The data presented in this study shows that the impact of the Great Depression in Latin America was uneven: while the region declined sharply from 1929 to 1932, and since 1933 it registers signs of accelerated growth, Ecuador remained stagnant throughout the decade studied.</p><p>However, the development of some macroeconomic data are similar in the entire region because of the close commercial links with the United States of America. The evolution of foreign trade and public finances were similar: a profound reduction until 1932-1933, and then a quick recovery.</p><p>Finally, the Great Depression represents a break point in Latin American: the growth of the region passes from depending on the external trade to a development that focused on the ingrowth.</p>

An Introduction to Gender and Representation in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Latin American Politics ◽  
Gender And Politics ◽  
Women's Representation ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
Women’S Representation ◽  
And Gender

In this introductory chapter of Gender and Representation in Latin America, Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer argues that gender inequality in political representation in Latin America is rooted in institutions and the democratic challenges and political crises facing Latin American countries. She situates the book in two important literatures—one on Latin American politics and democratic institutions, the other on gender and politics—and then explains how the book will explore the ways that institutions and democratic challenges and political crises moderate women’s representation and gender inequality. She introduces the book’s framework of analyzing the causes and consequences of women’s representation, overviews the organization of the volume, and summarizes the main arguments of the chapters.

Elites, Elite Settlements, and Revolutionary Movements in Latin America, 1950–1980: Introduction

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-574
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Wickham-Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Latin American Politics ◽  
Revolutionary Movements

Social revolutions as well as revolutionary movements have recently held great interest for both sociopolitical theorists and scholars of Latin American politics. Before we can proceed with any useful analysis, however, we must distinguish between these two related but not identical phenomena. Adapting Theda Skocpol’s approach, we can define social revolutions as “rapid, basic transformations of a society’s state and class structures; and they are accompanied and in part carried through by” mass-based revolts from below, sometimes in cross-class coalitions (Skocpol 1979: 4; Wickham-Crowley 1991:152). In the absence of such basic sociopolitical transformations, I will not speak of (social) revolution or of a revolutionary outcome, only about revolutionary movements, exertions, projects, and so forth. Studies of the failures and successes of twentieth-century Latin American revolutions have now joined the ongoing theoretical debate as to whether such outcomes occur due to society- or movement-centered processes or instead due to state- or regime-centered events (Wickham-Crowley 1992).

The Sovereign and its Shadow: Constituent Assembly and Indigenous Movement in Ecuador

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT ANDOLINA
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Politics ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Constituent Assembly ◽  
Institutional Politics ◽  
Ideological Struggle ◽  
Indigenous Movement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Constitutive Principles

A crucial development in current Latin American politics is the growing involvement of indigenous movements in democracies grappling with the challenges of regime consolidation. This article examines how Ecuador's indigenous movement consecrated new rights and national constitutive principles in the 1997–8 constitutional assembly. It argues that the indigenous movement defined the legitimacy and purpose of the assembly through an ideological struggle with other political actors, in turn shaping the context and content of constitutional reforms in Ecuador. The article concludes that softening the boundary between ‘cultural politics’ and ‘institutional politics’ is necessary in order to understand the impact of social movements in Latin America.

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