Voltammetric Thin-Layer Ionophore-Based Films: Part 1. Experimental Evidence and Numerical Simulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 586-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dajing Yuan ◽  
Maria Cuartero ◽  
Gaston A. Crespo ◽  
Eric Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Experimental Evidence

scholarly journals Tuning membrane content of sound absorbing cellular foams: Fabrication, experimental evidence and multiscale numerical simulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 345-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Hai Trinh ◽  
Vincent Langlois ◽  
Johann Guilleminot ◽  
Camille Perrot ◽  
Yacine Khidas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Cellular Foams

scholarly journals Distinguishing noisy boson sampling from classical simulations

Quantum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Valery Shchesnovich
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
System Size ◽  
Finite Amplitude ◽  
Small Error ◽  
Amplitude Noise ◽  
Classical Transition ◽  
Parameter Density ◽  
Size Scales ◽  
Boson Sampling

Giving a convincing experimental evidence of the quantum supremacy over classical simulations is a challenging goal. Noise is considered to be the main problem in such a demonstration, hence it is urgent to understand the effect of noise. Recently found classical algorithms can efficiently approximate, to any small error, the output of boson sampling with finite-amplitude noise. In this work it is shown analytically and confirmed by numerical simulations that one can efficiently distinguish the output distribution of such a noisy boson sampling from the approximations accounting for low-order quantum multiboson interferences, what includes the mentioned classical algorithms. The number of samples required to tell apart the quantum and classical output distributions is strongly affected by the previously unexplored parameter: density of bosons, i.e., the ratio of total number of interfering bosons to number of input ports of interferometer. Such critical dependence is strikingly reminiscent of the quantum-to-classical transition in systems of identical particles, which sets in when the system size scales up while density of particles vanishes.

Transient EHL Solutions With Interfacial Slip

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ehret ◽  
D. Dowson ◽  
C. M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Interfacial Slip ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
The Core

Simulations are carried out of an experimental procedure in which a ball impacts a thin layer of lubricant on a disk to form a dimple of entrapped lubricant. Thereafter, pure sliding conditions are imposed to release the entrapped lubricant from the contact. Conditions of slip between the core of the lubricant and the wall are investigated to explain the slower release of the lubricant observed in pure sliding conditions when the ball alone is in motion. A slip value up to 63 percent at 1 GPa enables numerical simulations to match the time of release of the entrapped lubricant measured experimentally.

A Bubble Dynamics Based Approach to the Simulation of Cavitation in Lubricated Contacts

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Geike ◽  
Valentin L. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Reynolds Equation ◽  
Bubble Dynamics ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Compressible Fluids ◽  
Fluid Film ◽  
Tensile Stresses ◽  
Lubricated Contacts

The negative squeeze lubrication problem is investigated by means of numerical simulations that account for the dynamics of vaporization. The model is based on bubble dynamics, governed by the Rayleigh–Plesset equation, and the Reynolds equation for compressible fluids. Unlike most existing simulation models our model can predict tensile stresses in the fluid film prior to its rupture, which is in accordance with experimental evidence.

THE FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF VORTEX RINGS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Magarvey ◽  
C. S. MacLatchy
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Vortex Ring ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Vortex Rings ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Ambient Fluid ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Circular Axis

A preliminary examination was made of the formation and structure of the classical vortex ring. It is inferred from the experimental evidence that the configuration is not a true ring, but a layer of disperse fluid rolled about a circular axis. The stability of this pseudo-ring was found to be a result of the stability of its two rolled layers. The evidence suggests that a thin layer of fluid demarcated by two surfaces of discontinuity of opposite vorticity is relatively stable. A qualitative investigation was made of the flow patterns within the structure, but no attempt was made to relate velocities to ring geometry or to the physical characteristics of the ambient fluid.

How do memory modules differentially contribute to familiarity and recollection?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olya Hakobyan ◽  
Sen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Memory Modules ◽  
Familiarity And Recollection ◽  
Memory Contents

Abstract We fully support dissociating the subjective experience from the memory contents in recognition memory, as Bastin et al. posit in the target article. However, having two generic memory modules with qualitatively different functions is not mandatory and is in fact inconsistent with experimental evidence. We propose that quantitative differences in the properties of the memory modules can account for the apparent dissociation of recollection and familiarity along anatomical lines.

Redox Reactions in Lipid Membranes as a Model for Primordial Energy-Conserving Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
Salvatore Di Bernardo ◽  
Romana Fato ◽  
Giorgio Lenaz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Asymmetrical Distribution ◽  
Energy Conserving ◽  
Living Organisms

AbstractOne of the peculiar aspects of living systems is the production and conservation of energy. This aspect is provided by specialized organelles, such as the mitochondria and chloroplasts, in developed living organisms. In primordial systems lacking specialized enzymatic complexes the energy supply was probably bound to the generation and maintenance of an asymmetric distribution of charged molecules in compartmentalized systems. On the basis of experimental evidence, we suggest that lipophilic quinones were involved in the generation of this asymmetrical distribution of charges through vectorial redox reactions across lipid membranes.

Applications of Photoelectron Microscopy

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 506-507
Author(s):  
William J. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Electron Optics ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Crystalline Orientation ◽  
Fluorescent Screen

In this form of electron microscopy, photoelectrons emitted from a metal by ultraviolet radiation are accelerated and imaged onto a fluorescent screen by conventional electron optics. image contrast is determined by spatial variations in the intensity of the photoemission. The dominant source of contrast is due to changes in the photoelectric work function, between surfaces of different crystalline orientation, or different chemical composition. Topographical variations produce a relatively weak contrast due to shadowing and edge effects.Since the photoelectrons originate from the surface layers (e.g. ∼5-10 nm for metals), photoelectron microscopy is surface sensitive. Thus to see the microstructure of a metal the thin layer (∼3 nm) of surface oxide must be removed, either by ion bombardment or by thermal decomposition in the vacuum of the microscope.

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