Structural Evolution of Lanthanum Hydroxides during Long-Term Phosphate Mitigation: Effect of Nanoconfinement

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 665-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyang Zhang ◽  
Minglu Wang ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Jieshu Qian ◽  
Bingcai Pan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution

scholarly journals Avian MHC Evolution in the Era of Genomics: Phase 1.0

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A. O’Connor ◽  
Helena Westerdahl ◽  
Reto Burri ◽  
Scott V. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Ecological Patterns ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Many ◽  
Avian Mhc

Birds are a wonderfully diverse and accessible clade with an exceptional range of ecologies and behaviors, making the study of the avian major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of great interest. In the last 20 years, particularly with the advent of high-throughput sequencing, the avian MHC has been explored in great depth in several dimensions: its ability to explain ecological patterns in nature, such as mating preferences; its correlation with parasite resistance; and its structural evolution across the avian tree of life. Here, we review the latest pulse of avian MHC studies spurred by high-throughput sequencing. Despite high-throughput approaches to MHC studies, substantial areas remain in need of improvement with regard to our understanding of MHC structure, diversity, and evolution. Recent studies of the avian MHC have nonetheless revealed intriguing connections between MHC structure and life history traits, and highlight the advantages of long-term ecological studies for understanding the patterns of MHC variation in the wild. Given the exceptional diversity of birds, their accessibility, and the ease of sequencing their genomes, studies of avian MHC promise to improve our understanding of the many dimensions and consequences of MHC variation in nature. However, significant improvements in assembling complete MHC regions with long-read sequencing will be required for truly transformative studies.

Long-term flexibility-based structural evolution and condensation in microporous organosilica membranes for gas separation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1268-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Petra Dral ◽  
Kristianne Tempelman ◽  
Emiel J. Kappert ◽  
Louis Winnubst ◽  
Nieck E. Benes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Separation ◽  
Structural Evolution

Long-term ongoing consolidation is unravelled for microporous hybrid organosilica membranes, showing chemical, structural and micropore evolution.

Structural evolution and the capacity fade mechanism upon long-term cycling in Li-rich cathode material

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (37) ◽  
pp. 12875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohang Song ◽  
Zongwen Liu ◽  
Man On Lai ◽  
Li Lu
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Capacity Fade

scholarly journals Multi-temporal airborne structure-from-motion on caldera rim: Hazard, visitor exposure and origins of instabilities at Piton de la Fournaise

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Derrien ◽  
Nicolas Villeneuve ◽  
Aline Peltier ◽  
Laurent Michon
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Summit Crater ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Piton De La Fournaise ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Horizontal Ground Motion

Piton de la Fournaise is one of the world’s most active and visited volcanoes. Its summit crater (Cratère Dolomieu), the main tourist attraction, underwent a major caldera collapse in 2007 and its rim is not yet stabilized. In order to assess the caldera rim instability risk for visitors, we followed its structural evolution from 2007 to 2015. Using aerial photogrammetry campaigns, we mapped the unstable sites very precisely, carried out a quantitative analysis of the temporal evolution of these instabilities, and assessed the risks for visitors. Considering the 2008–2015 period, four sites close to the crater’s edge showed significant horizontal ground motion (0.5–2 m), fracture widening (average of 0.3–0.56 m) and large-scale mass wasting volumes (total of 1.8±0.1 × 106 m3). We infer two different processes at work: (1) to the west and north, toppling of the basalt units occurs after periods of fracture widening due to the combined effect of magmatic intrusions and long-term inflation/deflation cycles; (2) to the south and east, parts of the caldera rim slowly slide towards the caldera centre, with significant accelerations during periods of enhanced volcanic activity (in 2008–2010 and 2014–2015). The official observation platform is the most stable zone to overlook the Cratère Dolomieu. By contrast, the most frequently visited area of the rim (northwest) outside the official platform is also the most unstable.

In situ characterization of metals at extremes

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Browning ◽  
G. H. Campbell ◽  
J. A. Hawreliak ◽  
M. A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Radiation Conditions ◽  
Temperature Strain

The fundamental processes taking place in metals under extreme conditions can occur on ultrafast timescales (i.e., nanoseconds to picoseconds), and yet their result can continue to have a significant impact on the structural properties for many years to follow. The challenge in developing in situ methods for characterization under extreme conditions therefore involves both the modification of the instrumentation to implement the high-temperature, strain, and radiation conditions and the definition of the timescale over which the measurement must be made. While techniques are well established for characterization of the long-term effects of extreme conditions, experiments are only just beginning to probe the initial stages of structural evolution. This article reviews recent developments in optical, x-ray, and electron probes of metals under extreme conditions and also discusses the needs for future experiments and potential pathways to achieving these goals.

Long-term hydrogen storage performance and structural evolution of LaNi4Al alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 731 ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
Zhi Zheng ◽  
Honghui Cheng ◽  
Kang Li ◽  
Kai Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Storage Performance ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Performance

scholarly journals Effect of long-term cyclic compression loading on the structural evolution of trabecular bone

2021 ◽  
pp. 100099
Author(s):  
Yan Gao ◽  
Feixiang Lu ◽  
Shouhui Wang ◽  
Lianwen Sun ◽  
Huijie Leng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Cyclic Compression

Information Technologies Socialise Geographies

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Ahamer ◽  
Josef Strobl
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
World Views ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Geographic Information Sciences ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Common World

One of the ethical tasks and practical effects of IT is bridging and spanning different locations, thereby “socialising” across diverse “geographies of understanding”. A dozen documented case studies use IT (especially Geographic Information Sciences) in distance learning. The underlying conceptual model of a network society combined with empirical research on long-term civilisational and economic evolution leads to a general understanding of Information Technologies as facilitators of a multi-perspectivist and multi-disciplinary construction of world views (m:n type of science). Such a synopsis of education, structural evolution, social spaces and institutional change provides insight into IT’s strategic role of facilitating consensus building and constructing common world views that can socially converge (“socialise”) isolated cultures of understanding. “Geography” is here seen as a provider of world views that emerge from communicative action. The presented cases in this paper span both geographic locations as well as constructed cultures of understanding.

Structural Evolution of Nuclear Glasses under Forcing Conditions (Irradiation, Alteration)

2010 ◽  
Vol 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Calas ◽  
Laurence Galoisy ◽  
Laurent Cormier ◽  
Jean Marc Delaye ◽  
Patrick Jollvet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
External Irradiation ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Coordination Change

AbstractAssessing the long-term behavior of nuclear glass implies the prediction of their long-term performance, and more precisely of their evolution under irradiation and during interaction with water. After briefly recalling the major characteristics of the local and medium-range structure of borosilicate glasses of nuclear interest, we will present some structural features observed under forcing conditions. Specific structural tools (EXAFS/XANES, Neutron/x-ray diffraction, solid state spectroscopic methods…) are correlated with numerical simulations to determine the local structure of glass and provide selective information on glass surface using total electron yield detection. During alteration in near- or under-saturated conditions, some elements such as Fe change coordination, as other elements such as Zr only suffer structural modifications in under-saturated conditions. These structural modifications may explain the chemical dependence of the initial alteration rate and the transition to the residual regime. They also illustrate the molecular-scale origin of the processes at the origin of the glass-to-gel transformation. Molecular scale processes help in predicting the properties of new generations of nuclear glasses required by future production of nuclear energy. Under irradiation, various structural effects are observed, including coordination change, ion migration or disorder effects. These studies show that glasses with a simplified composition do not show the same behavior as more realistic glasses. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide complementary information on elastic effects. Recent direct evidence for B-coordination change under external irradiation together with structural models derived from MD sheds light on the structural mechanisms at the origin of radiation-induced modifications of glass properties, emphasizing the importance of the thermal regime in the cascade core.

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