Potential of High- and Low-Acetylated Galactoglucomannooligosaccharides as Modulators of the Microbiota Composition and Their Activity: A Comparison Using the In Vitro Model of the Human Colon TIM-2

Survival and germination rate of Bacillus subtilis C-3102 spores were investigated in a stomach and small intestine model (TIM-1), while the impact of C-3102 cells that had passed through TIM-1 on human colon microbiota was evaluated in a model of the large intestine (TIM-2). The survival of C-3102 spores in TIM-1 was 99%; 8% of the spores had germinated. Effluent of TIM-1 was subsequently introduced into TIM-2 and a micro-array platform was employed to assess changes in the microbiota composition. The effluent, which contained germinated C-3102 cells, increased some Bifidobacterium species and decreased some Clostridium groups. These changes were greater compared to those obtained by adding C-3102 spores directly to TIM-2. The present study suggests that oral doses of B. subtilis C-3102 spores have the potential to modulate the human colon microbiota. This effect may be caused by germination of the spores in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Xylo-oligosaccharides from sugarcane show prebiotic potential in a dynamic computer-controlled in vitro model of the adult human large intestine

Beneficial Microbes ◽

10.3920/bm2019.0159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 191-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Venema ◽

J. Verhoeven ◽

S. Verbruggen ◽

D. Keller

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Model ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Gut Health ◽

Unidentified Species ◽

Human Adults ◽

Computer Controlled ◽

Vitro Model

The aim of the study was to investigate the prebiotic potential of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) from sugarcane in a validated, dynamic, computer-controlled in vitro model of the colon (TIM-2) simulating human adults. In two sets of experiments, each with a different microbiota, 3 different doses of XOS were tested at 1.0 g/day, 1.5 g/day and 3.0 g/day. The in vitro model was run for 72 h, and at the start and subsequently every 24 h samples were taken and analysed for short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and gut microbiota composition. SCFA were analysed using ion chromatography, whereas microbiota composition was analysed using sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. XOS showed a similar SCFA production per gram of substrate as the control medium, including butyrate, which is considered to be important for gut health. In both sets of experiments XOS showed a consistent dose-dependent increase in abundance over time of the genus Bifidobacterium, and within that of the species B. adolescentis and an unidentified species (labelled ‘sp.1’). The results show the potential prebiotic effect of XOS from sugarcane, by its capacity to generate butyrate and increase the health-beneficial bifidobacteria.

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T CELL-MEDIATED DAMAGE IN THE HUMAN COLON IN ORGAN CULTURE A NEW IN-VITRO MODEL OF COLITIS

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-198909000-00101 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 280-280

Author(s):

C M Evans ◽

A D Phillips ◽

J A Walker-Smith ◽

T T Macdonald

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Organ Culture ◽

In Vitro Model ◽

Human Colon ◽

Vitro Model

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Microbial Metabolism Shifts Towards an Adverse Profile with Supplementary Iron in the TIM-2 In vitro Model of the Human Colon

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2015.01481 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Guus A. M. Kortman ◽

Bas E. Dutilh ◽

Annet J. H. Maathuis ◽

Udo F. Engelke ◽

Jos Boekhorst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Model ◽

Microbial Metabolism ◽

Human Colon ◽

Vitro Model

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An Oral FMT Capsule as Efficient as an Enema for Microbiota Reconstruction Following Disruption by Antibiotics, as Assessed in an In Vitro Human Gut Model

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9020358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 358

Author(s):

Cécile Verdier ◽

Sylvain Denis ◽

Cyrielle Gasc ◽

Lilia Boucinha ◽

Ophélie Uriot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Model ◽

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Human Colon ◽

Individual Variability ◽

Cost Constraints ◽

Vitro Model ◽

Oral Capsule

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an innovative therapy already used in humans to treat Clostridioides difficile infections associated with massive use of antibiotics. Clinical studies are obviously the gold standard to evaluate FMT efficiency but remain limited by regulatory, ethics, and cost constraints. In the present study, an in vitro model of the human colon reproducing medically relevant perturbation of the colonic ecosystem by antibiotherapy was used to compare the efficiency of traditional FMT enema formulations and a new oral capsule in restoring gut microbiota composition and activity. Loss of microbial diversity, shift in bacterial populations, and sharp decrease in fermentation activities induced in vivo by antibiotherapy were efficiently reproduced in the in vitro model, while capturing inter-individual variability of gut microbiome. Oral capsule was as efficient as enema to decrease the number of disturbed days and bacterial load had no effect on enema performance. This study shows the relevance of human colon models as an alternative approach to in vivo assays during preclinical studies for evaluating FMT efficiency. The potential of this in vitro approach could be extended to FMT testing in the management of many digestive or extra-intestinal pathologies where gut microbial dysbiosis has been evidenced such as inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity or cancers.

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