The Role of Ion Hydration in the Performance of Li2SO4–Polyacrylamide Electrolyte Systems: Material Characterizations under Real-Time Conditions

AbstractIntrauterine Parvovirus B19 infections may cause fetal anemia, non-immune hydrops fetalis or abortion. This study focuses on the pathogenic role of Parvovirus B19 in non-immune hydrops fetalis at Hacettepe University, a major reference hospital in Turkey. Twenty-two cases of non-immune hydrops fetalis were retrospectively selected out of a total of 431 hydrops fetalis specimens from the Department of Pathology archieves. Paraffine embedded tissue sections from placental and liver tissues from each case were evaluated by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, nested PCR and commercial quantitative Real-time PCR. Viral DNA was detected in placental tissues by Real-time PCR in 2 cases (2/22, 9.1%) where histopathology also revealed changes suggestive of Parvovirus B19 infection. No significant histopathologic changes were observed for the remaining sections. Nested PCR that targets the VP1 region of the viral genome and immunohistochemistry for viral capsid antigens were negative for all cases. As a result, Parvovirus B19 is identified as the etiologic agent for the development of non-immune hydrops fetalis for 9.1% of the cases in Hacettepe University, Turkey. Real-time PCR is observed to be an effective diagnostic tool for nucleic acid detection from paraffine embedded tissues. Part of this study was presented as a poster at XIIIth International Congress of Virology, San Francisco, USA (Abstract V-572).

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First Report of Hepatitis E Virus in Shellfish in Southeast Italy

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11010043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Gianfranco La Bella ◽

Maria Grazia Basanisi ◽

Gaia Nobili ◽

Valentina Terio ◽

Elisabetta Suffredini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Potential Role ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Viral Pathogens ◽

Apulia Region ◽

Causative Agents

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) represents one of the principal causative agents of hepatitis globally. Among the five HEV genotypes affecting humans, genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic and are the main source of hepatitis E in developed countries. HEV has been detected in several foods. The present work investigated the presence of this virus in shellfish sold at retail in the Apulia region of Italy. The presence of HEV RNA was assessed by real-time RT-PCR in 225 shellfish samples collected during 2018. Overall, two (0.89%) of these samples tested positive for HEV RNA. To our knowledge, this is the first notification of the detection of HEV in mussels sold at retail in the Apulia region. These data highlight the potential role of shellfish as a vehicle for the transmission of viral pathogens.

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Serpin B1 protects colonic epithelial cell via blockage of neutrophil elastase activity and its expression is enhanced in patients with ulcerative colitis

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00292.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 302 (10) ◽

pp. G1163-G1170 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Kazuhiko Uchiyama ◽

Yuji Naito ◽

Tomohisa Takagi ◽

Katsura Mizushima ◽

Yasuko Hirai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Real Time ◽

Neutrophil Elastase ◽

Colonic Mucosa ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Active Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Inflammatory Infiltration ◽

Serpin B1

Serpin B1 is a monocyte neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitor and is one of the most efficient inhibitors of NE. In the present study, we investigated the role of serpin B1 in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis by using clinical samples and an experimental model. The colonic expression of serpin B1 was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot analysis, and immunohistological studies in both normal and inflamed mucosa from patients with ulcerative colitis. Serpin B1 mRNA expression was determined by real-time PCR in the mouse dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model. Young adult mouse colonic epithelial (YAMC) cells were used to determine the role of serpin B1. Serpin B1 gene transfected YAMC cells were treated with H2O2 to measure cell viability. The expression of NE was determined in YAMC cells treated with H2O2. NE-silenced YAMC cells were also treated with H2O2 and then measured for viability. Upregulated expression of serpin B1 in colonic mucosa was confirmed from patients with active ulcerative colitis. Immunohistochemical studies showed that serpin B1 expression was localized not only in inflammatory infiltration cells but also in epithelial cells. Serpin B1 mRNA expression was also increased in colonic mucosa of mouse DSS-induced colitis. Serpin B1-transfected YAMC cells were resistant against the treatment of H2O2. H2O2 treatment significantly induced NE in YAMC cells, and NE-silenced YAMC cells were also resistant against the treatment of H2O2. These results suggest that serpin B1 may be a novel marker of active ulcerative colitis and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.

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Quantitative assessment of CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 expression in aldosterone-producing adenomas

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1470795 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 795-802 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

F Fallo ◽

V Pezzi ◽

L Barzon ◽

P Mulatero ◽

F Veglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Secretory Activity ◽

Zona Glomerulosa ◽

Zona Fasciculata ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Pathophysiological Role ◽

Aldosterone Production

BACKGROUND: The presence and pathophysiological role of CYP11B1 (11beta-hydroxylase) gene in the zona glomerulosa of human adrenal cortex is still controversial. METHODS: In order to specifically quantify CYP11B1, CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase) and CYP17(17alpha-hydroxylase) mRNA levels, we developed a real-time RT-PCR assay and examined the expression in a series of adrenal tIssues, including six normal adrenals from patients adrenalectomized for renal cancer and twelve aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA) from patients with primary aldosteronism. RESULTS: CYP11B1 mRNA levels were clearly detected in normal adrenals, which comprised both zona glomerulosa and fasciculata/reticularis cells, but were also measured at a lower range (P<0.05) in APA. The levels of CYP11B2 mRNA were lower (P<0.005) in normal adrenals than in APA. CYP17 mRNAlevels were similar in normal adrenals and in APA. In patients with APA, CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 mRNA levels were not correlated either with basal aldosterone or with the change from basal aldosterone in response to posture or to dexamethasone. No correlation between CYP11B1 mRNA or CYP11B2 mRNA and the percentage of zona fasciculata-like cells was observed in APA. CONCLUSIONS: Real-time RT-PCR can be reliably used to quantify CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 mRNA levels in adrenal tIssues. Expression of CYP11B1 in hyperfunctioning zona glomerulosa suggests an additional formation of corticosterone via 11beta-hydroxylase, providing further substrate for aldosterone biosynthesis. CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 mRNA levels in APA are not related to the in vivo secretory activity of glomerulosa cells, where post-transcriptional factors might ultimately regulate aldosterone production.

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