Influence of Salt Concentration on Charge Transfer When a Water Front Moves across a Junction between a Hydrophobic Dielectric and a Metal Electrode

Abstract Complex formation of deoxyribonucleic acid and 2-amino-benzo [c] cinnoline is demonstrated by spectroscopic means. The small molecule though uncharged seems to intercalate between the base pairs of the deoxyribonucleic acid like the acridines. The complex constant, however, is smaller by about two orders of magnitude. The influence of salt concentration and temperature on the equilibrium is investigated. The involvement of charge-transfer contribution is suggested.

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Energy Transfer in Competition to Charge Transfer as a Method to Determine the Rate Constant for Charge Carrier Injection in the Sandwich System: Cyanine Dye Monolayer/p-Chloranil Crystal

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A ◽

10.1515/zna-1979-0611 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 737-747

Author(s):

Hermann Killesreiter

Keyword(s):

Energy Transfer ◽

Charge Transfer ◽

Charge Carrier ◽

Rate Constant ◽

Arachidic Acid ◽

Metal Electrode ◽

Cyanine Dye ◽

Carrier Injection ◽

Fluorescence Measurements ◽

Charge Carrier Injection

Abstract A new method is described to calculate the rate constant for charge transfer (CT) from an excited dye to a molecular crystal by taking into account competing energy transfer to a metal electrode. For the system oxacarbocyanine dye/p-chloranil single crystal in a sandwich arrangement with additional arachidic acid monolayers and evaporated aluminium electrodes, based on photocurrent and fluorescence measurements kCT - (1.5 ± 0.7) 109 sec-1 has been calculated.This overall rate constant is discussed in terms of a detailed but simple reaction scheme for charge carrier injection. It turned out to be equal to the dissociation rate constant of the excited dye times the quantum efficiency ΦCT for dissociation of an intermediate “charge transfer” state. Dissociation occurs from a vibrationally relaxed excited state of the dye.Finally, comparison is made with a straightforward calculation using the well-known unipolar current density. Nearly quantitative agreement of estimations emphasizes the use of the mono-layer technique to build "dry" electrochemical cells in order to study the principles of photo-electrochemical reactions.

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Partial charge transfer during the specific adsorption of halide anions on a metal electrode

Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B ◽

10.1134/s1990793109050182 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 818-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. N. Kuklin ◽

V. V. Emets

Keyword(s):

Charge Transfer ◽

Metal Electrode ◽

Specific Adsorption ◽

Partial Charge ◽

Partial Charge Transfer ◽

Halide Anions

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Effects of Diffusive Charge Transfer and Salt Concentration Gradient in Electrolyte on Li-ion Battery Energy and Power Densities

Electrochimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.electacta.2014.01.022 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 125 ◽

pp. 117-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hadis Zarrin ◽

Siamak Farhad ◽

Feridun Hamdullahpur ◽

Victor Chabot ◽

Aiping Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Charge Transfer ◽

Salt Concentration ◽

Concentration Gradient ◽

Li Ion Battery ◽

Li Ion ◽

Battery Energy ◽

Power Densities

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A density functional model for tuning the charge transfer between a transition metal electrode and a chemisorbed molecule via the electrode potential

The Journal of Chemical Physics ◽

10.1063/1.1416126 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 115 (22) ◽

pp. 10493 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Xavier Crispin ◽

V. M. Geskin ◽

C. Bureau ◽

R. Lazzaroni ◽

W. Schmickler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Charge Transfer ◽

Transition Metal ◽

Electrode Potential ◽

Density Functional ◽

Functional Model ◽

Metal Electrode

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A charge transfer theory of the photoelectrochemical effect

Australian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1071/ch9722061 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 2061

Author(s):

DB Matthews

Keyword(s):

Charge Transfer ◽

Work Function ◽

Metal Electrode ◽

Electronic Work Function ◽

Metal Solution ◽

Transfer Theory ◽

Solution Interface ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Electrochemical Effect ◽

A Charge

A model based on the Gurney theory of charge transfer is used to obtain a theory of the photo-electrochemical effect at the metal electrode-electrolyte interface. The theory leads to a means of measuring the effective electronic work function at the metal-solution interface and to a means of testing the proposed model.

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Study of charge transfer in FeTi

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100075270 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 296-297

Author(s):

J. Taft∅

Keyword(s):

Charge Transfer ◽

Charge Distribution ◽

Electron Scattering ◽

Periodic System ◽

Electron Distribution ◽

Scattering Amplitude ◽

Transition Elements ◽

Hartree Fock ◽

Cscl Structure ◽

The Right

It is well known that for reflections corresponding to large interplanar spacings (i.e., sin θ/λ small), the electron scattering amplitude, f, is sensitive to the ionicity and to the charge distribution around the atoms. We have used this in order to obtain information about the charge distribution in FeTi, which is a candidate for storage of hydrogen. Our goal is to study the changes in electron distribution in the presence of hydrogen, and also the ionicity of hydrogen in metals, but so far our study has been limited to pure FeTi. FeTi has the CsCl structure and thus Fe and Ti scatter with a phase difference of π into the 100-ref lections. Because Fe (Z = 26) is higher in the periodic system than Ti (Z = 22), an immediate “guess” would be that Fe has a larger scattering amplitude than Ti. However, relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations show that the opposite is the case for the 100-reflection. An explanation for this may be sought in the stronger localization of the d-electrons of the first row transition elements when moving to the right in the periodic table. The tabulated difference between fTi (100) and ffe (100) is small, however, and based on the values of the scattering amplitude for isolated atoms, the kinematical intensity of the 100-reflection is only 5.10-4 of the intensity of the 200-reflection.

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Direct imaging of charge transfer

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100165860 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 680-681

Author(s):

Yimei Zhu ◽

J. Tafto

Keyword(s):

Charge Transfer ◽

Electron Diffraction ◽

Scattering Amplitude ◽

High Temperature Superconductors ◽

Charge Carriers ◽

Image Charge ◽

Net Charge ◽

Long Time ◽

Electron Holes ◽

First Time

The electron holes confined to the CuO2-plane are the charge carriers in high-temperature superconductors, and thus, the distribution of charge plays a key role in determining their superconducting properties. While it has been known for a long time that in principle, electron diffraction at low angles is very sensitive to charge transfer, we, for the first time, show that under a proper TEM imaging condition, it is possible to directly image charge in crystals with a large unit cell. We apply this new way of studying charge distribution to the technologically important Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8+δ superconductors.Charged particles interact with the electrostatic potential, and thus, for small scattering angles, the incident particle sees a nuclei that is screened by the electron cloud. Hence, the scattering amplitude mainly is determined by the net charge of the ion. Comparing with the high Z neutral Bi atom, we note that the scattering amplitude of the hole or an electron is larger at small scattering angles. This is in stark contrast to the displacements which contribute negligibly to the electron diffraction pattern at small angles because of the short g-vectors.

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