scholarly journals Regeneration Profiles of Olfactory Epithelium after SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Golden Syrian Hamsters

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-595
Author(s):  
Shinji Urata ◽  
Junki Maruyama ◽  
Megumi Kishimoto-Urata ◽  
Rachel A. Sattler ◽  
Rebecca Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Syrian Hamsters

scholarly journals Massive transient damage of the olfactory epithelium associated with infection of sustentacular cells by SARS-CoV-2 in golden Syrian hamsters

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 579-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Bryche ◽  
Audrey St Albin ◽  
Severine Murri ◽  
Sandra Lacôte ◽  
Coralie Pulido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Sustentacular Cells

scholarly journals Massive transient damage of the olfactory epithelium associated with infection of sustentacular cells by SARS-CoV-2 in golden Syrian hamsters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Bryche ◽  
Audrey St Albin ◽  
Severine Murri ◽  
Sandra Lacôte ◽  
Coralie Pulido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Olfactory Neurons ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Sustentacular Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAnosmia is one of the most prevalent symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the cellular mechanism behind the sudden loss of smell has not yet been investigated. The initial step of odour detection takes place in the pseudostratified olfactory epithelium (OE) mainly composed of olfactory sensory neurons surrounded by supporting cells known as sustentacular cells. The olfactory neurons project their axons to the olfactory bulb in the central nervous system offering a potential pathway for pathogens to enter the central nervous system by bypassing the blood brain barrier. In the present study, we explored the impact of SARS-COV-2 infection on the olfactory system in golden Syrian hamsters. We observed massive damage of the OE as early as 2 days post nasal instillation of SARS-CoV-2, resulting in a major loss of cilia necessary for odour detection. These damages were associated with infection of a large proportion of sustentacular cells but not of olfactory neurons, and we did not detect any presence of the virus in the olfactory bulbs. We observed massive infiltration of immune cells in the OE and lamina propria of infected animals, which may contribute to the desquamation of the OE. The OE was partially restored 14 days post infection. Anosmia observed in COVID-19 patient is therefore likely to be linked to a massive and fast desquamation of the OE following sustentacular cells infection with SARS-CoV-2 and subsequent recruitment of immune cells in the OE and lamina propria.

Methods for making stereoslides and -prints, with freeze-etched olfactory epithelium as example

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 704-705
Author(s):  
Bert Ph. M. Menco ◽  
Ido F. Menco ◽  
Frans L.T. Verdonk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Freezing Method ◽  
Respiratory Epithelia ◽  
Three Dimensional Presentation

Previously we presented an extensive study of the distributions of intramembranous particles of structures in apical surfaces of nasal olfactory and respiratory epithelia of the Sprague-Dawley rat. For the same structures these distributions were compared in samples which were i) chemically fixed and cryo-protected with glycerol before cryo-fixation, after excision, and ii)ultra-rapidly frozen by means of the slam-freezing method. Since a three-dimensional presentation markedly improves visualization of structural features micrographs were presented as stereopairs. Two exposures were made by tiling the sample stage of the electron microscope 6° in either direction with an eucentric goniometer. The negatives (Agfa Pan 25 Professional) were reversed with Kodak Technical Pan Film 2415 developed in D76 1:1. The prints were made from these reversed negatives. As an example tight-junctional features of an olfactory supporting cell in a region where this cell conjoined with two other cells are presented (Fig. 1).

Bilateral Nasoseptal Rescue Flap with Olfactory Epithelium Preservation: A Prospective Study Analyzing Postoperative Olfaction and Epistaxis

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester Griffiths ◽  
Garni Barkhoudarian ◽  
Aaron Cutler ◽  
Huy Duong ◽  
Bjorn Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
A Prospective Study

Postnatal growth rate and gonadal development in circadian tau mutant hamsters reared in constant dim red light

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Lucas ◽  
JA Stirland ◽  
YN Mohammad ◽  
AS Loudon
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Body Weights

The role of the circadian clock in the reproductive development of Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus was examined in wild type and circadian tau mutant hamsters reared from birth to 26 weeks of age under constant dim red light. Testis diameter and body weights were determined at weekly intervals in male hamsters from 4 weeks of age. In both genotypes, testicular development, subsequent regression and recrudescence exhibited a similar time course. The age at which animals displayed reproductive photosensitivity, as exhibited by testicular regression, was unrelated to circadian genotype (mean +/- SEM: 54 +/- 3 days for wild type and 59 +/- 5 days for tau mutants). In contrast, our studies revealed a significant impact of the mutation on somatic growth, such that tau mutants weighed 18% less than wild types at the end of the experiment. Our study reveals that the juvenile onset of reproductive photoperiodism in Syrian hamsters is not timed by the circadian system.

Flaxseed and Vitamin E Exert Synergic Antioxidant Action on Diabetic Nephropathy in Experimental Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1449-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca Ecaterina Haliga ◽  
Doina Butcovan ◽  
Teodor Oboroceanu ◽  
Alin Constantin Pinzariu ◽  
Victor Vlad Costan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Action ◽  
Syrian Hamsters

This study investigated the effects of flaxseed and vitamin E on diabetic nephropathy lesions in an experimental-induced model of diabetes in hamsters. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in male Golden Syrian hamsters, and diabetic animals were fed either standard diet, or standard diet supplemented with flaxseed (150 g/kg diet), vitamin E (400 mg a-tocopherol/kg diet) or combination of flaxseed and vitamin E in the same dosages, for 20 weeks. Kidney histological evaluation of the diabetic hamsters revealed histological lesions characteristic for diabetic nephropathy, while supplementation of the diet with flaxseed and/or vitamin E improved histological aspects of diabetic nephropathy.

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