Multifunctionalities of Oleyl-Branched Oligosaccharide Phosphate from Potato Starch with a High Phosphate Content

A set of 97 potato starch samples with a phosphate content corresponding to a phosphorus content between 0.029 and 0.11 g per 100 g dry matter was analysed using a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, (700–2498 nm). NIR-based prediction of phosphate content was possible with a root mean square error of cross-validation ( RMSECV) of 0.006% using PLSR (partial least squares regression). However, the NIR/PLSR model relied on weak spectral signals, and was highly sensitive to sample preparation. The best prediction of phosphate content from the RVA viscograms was a linear regression model based on the RVA variable Breakdown, which gave a RMSECV of 0.008%. NIR/PLSR prediction of the RVA variables Peak viscosity and Breakdown was successful, probably because they were highly related to phosphate content in the present data. Prediction of the other RVA variables from NIR/PLSR was mediocre (Through, Final Viscosity) or not possible (Setback, Peak time, Pasting temperature).

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Allelic variation for alpha-Glucan Water Dikinase is associated with starch phosphate content in tetraploid potato

Plant Molecular Biology ◽

10.1007/s11103-021-01236-7 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

J. G. A. M. L. Uitdewilligen ◽

A. M. A. Wolters ◽

H. J. van Eck ◽

R. G. F. Visser

Keyword(s):

Association Analysis ◽

Allelic Variation ◽

Potato Starch ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Pedigree Analysis ◽

Phosphate Ester ◽

Phosphate Content ◽

Tetraploid Potato ◽

Potato Germplasm ◽

Mapping Populations

Abstract Key message Association analysis resulted in the identification of specific StGWD alleles causing either an increase or decrease in starch phosphate content which was verified in diploid and tetraploid potato mapping populations. Abstract Potatoes are grown for various purposes like French fries, table potatoes, crisps and for their starch. One of the most important aspects of potato starch is that it contains a high amount of phosphate ester groups which are considered to be important for providing improved functionalization after derivatization processes. Little is known about the variation in phosphate content as such in different potato varieties and thus we studied the genetic diversity for this trait. From other studies it was clear that the phosphate content is controlled by a quantitative trait locus (QTL) underlying the candidate gene α-Glucan Water Dikinase (StGWD) on chromosome 5. We performed direct amplicon sequencing of this gene by Sanger sequencing. Sequences of two StGWD amplicons from a global collection of 398 commercial cultivars and progenitor lines were used to identify 16 different haplotypes. By assigning tag SNPs to these haplotypes, each of the four alleles present in a cultivar could be deduced and linked to a phosphate content. A high value for intra-individual heterozygosity was observed (Ho = 0.765). The average number of different haplotypes per individual (Ai) was 3.1. Pedigree analysis confirmed that the haplotypes are identical-by-descent (IBD) and offered insight in the breeding history of elite potato germplasm. Haplotypes originating from introgression of wild potato accessions carrying resistance genes could be traced. Furthermore, association analysis resulted in the identification of specific StGWD alleles causing either an increase or decrease in starch phosphate content varying from 12 nmol PO4/mg starch to 38 nmol PO4/mg starch. These allele effects were verified in diploid and tetraploid mapping populations and offer possibilities to breed and select for this trait.

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Differential Evolution of α-Glucan Water Dikinase (GWD) in Plants

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9091101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1101

Author(s):

Muyiwa S. Adegbaju ◽

Olanrewaju B. Morenikeji ◽

Eli J. Borrego ◽

André O. Hudson ◽

Bolaji N. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Starch Degradation ◽

Carbohydrate Binding ◽

Interacting Proteins ◽

Amino Acid Residues ◽

Phosphate Content ◽

Deleterious Mutations ◽

Carbohydrate Binding Modules ◽

High Phosphate

The alpha-glucan water dikinase (GWD) enzyme catalyzes starch phosphorylation, an integral step in transitory starch degradation. The high phosphate content in stored starch has great industrial value, due to its physio–chemical properties making it more versatile, although the phosphate content of stored starch varies depending on the botanical source. In this study, we used various computational approaches to gain insights into the evolution of the GWD protein in 48 plant species with possible roles in enzyme function and alteration of phosphate content in their stored starch. Our analyses identified deleterious mutations, particularly in the highly conserved 5 aromatic amino acid residues in the dual tandem carbohydrate binding modules (CBM-45) of GWD protein in C. zofingiensis, G. hirsutum, A. protothecoides, P. miliaceum, and C. reinhardtii. These findings will inform experimental designs for simultaneous repression of genes coding for GWD and the predicted interacting proteins to elucidate the role this enzyme plays in starch degradation. Our results reveal significant diversity in the evolution of GWD enzyme across plant species, which may be evolutionarily advantageous according to the varying needs for phosphorylated stored starch between plants and environments.

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Engineering Potato Starch with a Higher Phosphate Content

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0169610 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. e0169610 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xuan Xu ◽

Xing-Feng Huang ◽

Richard G. F. Visser ◽

Luisa M. Trindade

Keyword(s):

Potato Starch ◽

Phosphate Content

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Histone kinase and cell division

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1220713 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 122 (5) ◽

pp. 713-719 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

A. R. Pawse ◽

Margery G. Ord ◽

L. A. Stocken

Keyword(s):

Cell Division ◽

Dna Synthesis ◽

Partial Hepatectomy ◽

Enzyme Synthesis ◽

Phosphate Content ◽

Γ Irradiation ◽

Enzyme Preparations ◽

32P Incorporation ◽

Histone Kinase ◽

High Phosphate

1. The activity of the soluble phosphokinase for histone F1 increases in regenerating rat liver during the first period of DNA synthesis after partial hepatectomy. The increase probably represents new enzyme synthesis. 2. A dose of 500rd of γ-irradiation given early in G1 decreases the amount of histone F1 phosphokinase found 22h after partial hepatectomy by 60–70%. 3. The enzyme preparations also contained a histone F1 phosphatase; the presence together of the kinase and phosphatase caused a disproportion between net 31P uptake and 32P incorporation into histone F1. 4. All four subclasses of histone F1 could accept phosphate from ATP. 5. Crude enzyme preparations transferred more 31P into histone F1 with an initially low phosphate content than into one with a high phosphate content; conversely, more 32P was transferred into the latter.

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Fibrinopeptide A and the phosphate content of fibrinogen in venous thromboembolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v67.5.1460.bloodjournal6751460 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 1460-1467

Author(s):

OC Leeksma ◽

F Meijer-Huizinga ◽

EA Stoepman-van Dalen ◽

CJ van Ginkel ◽

WG van Aken ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽

High Performance ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Fibrinopeptide A ◽

Phosphate Content ◽

Intravascular Coagulation ◽

P Content ◽

The Mean ◽

High Phosphate

Concentrations of plasma fibrinopeptide A (FPA) were measured by radioimmunoassay in 50 patients with venous thromboembolism or disseminated intravascular coagulation or both. A consistent discrepancy was observed in values obtained with two anti-FPA antisera. Analysis of extracts from plasma of these patients by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of a phosphorylated and an unphosphorylated form of the A peptide. Differences in concentrations of FPA measured with the two antisera could be accounted for by their different reactivity with phosphorylated FPA (FPA-P). The differences were abolished by treatment with alkaline phosphatase. A good correlation was observed between the FPA-P content of free A- peptide material and of fibrinogen in plasma as determined by HPLC (r = .88, P less than .001, n = 11). In patients with elevated FPA levels, the mean FPA-P content of fibrinogen was significantly higher (P less than .002, n = 13) than in patients with normal FPA levels (n = 8) and in healthy controls (n = 14). Phosphorus in fibrinogen did not correlate with fibrinogen degradation products or fibrinogen levels and became normal on adequate anticoagulation. Therefore, blood-clotting activation may lead to a high phosphate content of fibrinogen and of free FPA in plasma.

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The rapid determination of available phosphate in soil by the coeruleo-molybdate reaction of Denigès

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600003397 ◽

1924 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 192-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

W. R. G. Atkins

Keyword(s):

Rapid Determination ◽

Phosphorus Pentoxide ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Phosphate Content ◽

Dilute Solutions ◽

Insoluble Form ◽

Molybdate Method ◽

Available Phosphate ◽

High Phosphate

1. The coeruleo-molybdate method of Denigès affords a rapid means of estimating phosphates in such dilute solutions as are given by aqueous extracts of soils, 1:5, even when the extract is diluted twenty-fold.2. High phosphate values were found for bog peats, but the majority of the soils studied gave to the extract phosphate corresponding to under two parts per million of phosphorus pentoxide. Dunged soil gave 20 p.p.m. or more.3. Extraction for 3–4 hours gives values as high as extraction for 4–7 days with ordinary soils of low phosphate content, but the phosphate of richer soils may undergo a reversion to an insoluble form during prolonged extraction.

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Fibrinopeptide A and the phosphate content of fibrinogen in venous thromboembolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v67.5.1460.1460 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 1460-1467 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

OC Leeksma ◽

F Meijer-Huizinga ◽

EA Stoepman-van Dalen ◽

CJ van Ginkel ◽

WG van Aken ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽

High Performance ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Fibrinopeptide A ◽

Phosphate Content ◽

Intravascular Coagulation ◽

P Content ◽

The Mean ◽

High Phosphate

Abstract Concentrations of plasma fibrinopeptide A (FPA) were measured by radioimmunoassay in 50 patients with venous thromboembolism or disseminated intravascular coagulation or both. A consistent discrepancy was observed in values obtained with two anti-FPA antisera. Analysis of extracts from plasma of these patients by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of a phosphorylated and an unphosphorylated form of the A peptide. Differences in concentrations of FPA measured with the two antisera could be accounted for by their different reactivity with phosphorylated FPA (FPA-P). The differences were abolished by treatment with alkaline phosphatase. A good correlation was observed between the FPA-P content of free A- peptide material and of fibrinogen in plasma as determined by HPLC (r = .88, P less than .001, n = 11). In patients with elevated FPA levels, the mean FPA-P content of fibrinogen was significantly higher (P less than .002, n = 13) than in patients with normal FPA levels (n = 8) and in healthy controls (n = 14). Phosphorus in fibrinogen did not correlate with fibrinogen degradation products or fibrinogen levels and became normal on adequate anticoagulation. Therefore, blood-clotting activation may lead to a high phosphate content of fibrinogen and of free FPA in plasma.

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