Coffee, Decaffeinated Coffee, Tea and Cancer of the Colon and Rectum: A Review of Epidemiological Studies, 1990–2003

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 743-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Tavani ◽  
Carlo La Vecchia
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
Colon And Rectum

Effects of chronic coffee consumption on glucose kinetics in the conscious rat

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 823-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Shearer ◽  
E.A. Sellars ◽  
A. Farah ◽  
T.E. Graham ◽  
D.H. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glucose Kinetics ◽  
Conscious Rat ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee

Epidemiological studies indicate that regular coffee consumption reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Despite these findings, the biological mechanisms by which coffee consumption exerts these effects are unknown. The aim of this study was twofold: to develop a rat model that would further delineate the effects of regular coffee consumption on glucose kinetics, and to determine whether coffee, with or without caffeine, alters the actions of insulin on glucose kinetics in vivo. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks in combination with one of the following: (i) drinking water as placebo (PL), (ii) decaffeinated coffee (2 g/100 mL) (DC), or (iii) alkaloid caffeine (20 mg/100 mL) added to decaffeinated coffee (2 g/100 mL) (CAF). Catheters were chronically implanted in a carotid artery and jugular vein for sampling and infusions, respectively. Recovered animals (5 days postoperative) were fasted for 5 h before hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps (2 mU·kg–1·min–1). Glucose was clamped at 6 mmol/L and isotopes (2-deoxy-[14C]glucose and [3-3H]glucose) were administered to obtain indices of whole-body and tissue-specific glucose kinetics. Glucose infusion rates and measures of whole-body metabolic clearance were greater in DC than in PL or CAF, indicating increased whole-body insulin sensitivity. As the only difference between DC and CAF was the addition of alkaloid caffeine, it can be concluded that caffeine antagonizes the beneficial effects of DC. Given these findings, decaffeinated coffee may represent a nutritional means of combating insulin resistance.

scholarly journals The potential of nuts in the prevention of cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (S2) ◽  
pp. S87-S94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. González ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vegetable Fibre ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Cell Growth And Proliferation ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Cancer is a disease that is characterized by the loss of genetic control over cell growth and proliferation, mainly as a result of the exposure to environmental factors. Cessation of smoking and a high consumption of fruits and vegetables are the most important means of reducing the risk of cancer in our society. Like fruits and vegetables, nuts are a source of vegetable protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, phenolic compounds, selenium, vegetable fibre, folic acid and phytoestrogens. There are numerous mechanisms of action by which these components can intervene in the prevention of cancer, although they have not been fully elucidated. There are very few epidemiological studies analyzing the relationship between nuts consumption and risk of cancer. One of the greatest difficulties in interpreting the results is that the consumption of nuts, seeds and legumes are often presented together. The most commonly studied location is the colon/rectum, an organ in which the effect of nuts is biologically plausible. Although the results are not conclusive, a protective effect on colon and rectum cancer is possible. Likewise, some studies show a possible protective effect on prostate cancer, but there is insufficient data on other tumour locations. New epidemiological studies are required to clarify the possible effects of nuts on cancer, particularly prospective studies that make reliable and complete estimations of their consumption and which make it possible to analyse their effects independently of the consumption of legumes and seeds.

scholarly journals The Impact of Coffee on Health

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (16) ◽  
pp. 1256-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Nieber
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Researches

AbstractCoffee is one of the most popular and widely consumed beverages worldwide due to its stimulating effects on the central nervous system as well as its taste and aroma. Coffee is a complex mixture of more than 800 volatile compounds whereas caffeine and chlorogenic acids are the most common compounds. During the last years, coffee has progressively moved to a less negative position on health due to its better-known pharmacology. Caffeine, e.g., in a cup of coffee, appears to exert most of its effects through an antagonism of the adenosine receptors. Novel approaches in epidemiological studies and experimental researches suggest that coffee consumption may help to prevent several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and liver disease. Most prospective cohort studies have not found coffee consumption to be associated with a significantly increased cardiovascular disease risk. There is also evidence that decaffeinated coffee may, in some respect, have similar benefits as regular coffee, indicating that besides caffeine other components contribute to the health protecting effects. For adults consuming moderate amounts of coffee (3 – 4 cups/d providing 300 – 400 mg/d of caffeine), there is little evidence of health risks and some evidence of health benefits. This review provides up-to-date information about coffee on health. Topics addressed include the cardiovascular system, liver diseases, and diabetes as well as gastrointestinal disorders.

Prophylactic surgery for cancer of the colon and rectum

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (9) ◽  
pp. 728-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Prophylactic Surgery ◽  
Colon And Rectum

Polyps of the Colon and Rectum

1958 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Colon And Rectum

Suicidal Behavior in German Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Straub ◽  
Ferdinand Keller ◽  
Nina Sproeber ◽  
Michael G. Koelch ◽  
Paul L. Plener
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Present Sample ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Adolescent Sample ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sum Scores

Objective: Research in adults has identified an association between bipolar disorder and suicidal behavior. This relationship, however, has been insufficiently investigated in adolescents to date. Methods: 1,117 adolescents from 13 German schools (mean age = 14.83, SD = .63; 52.7% females) completed an extended German version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), which assesses depressive and manic symptoms during the last week, as well as the Self-Harm Behavior Questionnaire (SHBQ) for the assessment of lifetime suicidal behavior. Results: In the present sample 39.4% of the girls and 23.1% of the boys reported lifetime suicidal thoughts and 7.1% of the girls as well as 3.9% of the boys a lifetime history of suicide attempts. 18.7% of the adolescent sample revealed elevated symptoms of depression and 9% elevated levels of mania symptoms. Elevated sum scores of depression and mania were associated with a higher number of suicidal ideations and suicide attempts. A block-wise regression analysis revealed that sum scores of depression and mania predicted suicidal ideations best. Concerning suicide attempts, the best predictors were age as well as depression and mania sum scores. Conclusions: Suicidal behavior was reported more often when adolescents demonstrate symptoms of mania as well as symptoms of depression than when they demonstrate only depressive symptoms. The presence of bipolar symptoms in adolescents should alert clinicians to the heightened possibility of suicidal behavior.

Zur Anwendung der CES-D bei älteren Menschen: Dimensionsstruktur und Meßartefakte

Diagnostica ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Matschinger ◽  
Astrid Schork ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller ◽  
Matthias C. Angermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Partial Credit ◽  
Examination Score ◽  
State Examination

Zusammenfassung. Beim Einsatz der Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) stellt sich das Problem der Dimensionalität des Instruments, dessen Lösung durch die Konfundierung eines Teilkonstruktes (“Wohlbefinden”) mit Besonderheiten der Itemformulierung Schwierigkeiten bereitet, da Antwortartefakte zu erwarten sind. Dimensionsstruktur und Eignung der CES-D zur Erfassung der Depression bei älteren Menschen wurden an einer Stichprobe von 663 über 75-jährigen Teilnehmern der “Leipziger Langzeitstudie in der Altenbevölkerung” untersucht. Da sich die Annahme der Gültigkeit eines partial-credit-Rasch-Modells sowohl für die Gesamtstichprobe als auch für eine Teilpopulation als zu restriktiv erwies, wurde ein 3- bzw. 4-Klassen-latent-class-Modell für geordnete Kategorien berechnet und die 4-Klassen-Lösung als den Daten angemessen interpretiert: Drei Klassen zeigten sich im Sinne des Konstrukts “Depression” geordnet, eine Klasse enthielt jene Respondenten, deren Antwortmuster auf ein Antwortartefakt hinwiesen. In dieser Befragtenklasse wird der Depressionsgrad offensichtlich überschätzt. Zusammenhänge mit Alter und Mini-Mental-State-Examination-Score werden dargestellt. Nach unseren Ergebnissen muß die CES-D in einer Altenbevölkerung mit Vorsicht eingesetzt werden, der Summenscore sollte nicht verwendet werden.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document