scholarly journals VGF Expression by Monocytes in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia

GeroPsych ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Stefan Busse ◽  
Eva Meyer ◽  
Henrik Dobrowolny ◽  
Christian Mawrin ◽  
Roland Hartig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Peripheral Biomarker

Abstract. Because its secretion is changed in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood, the neuronal polypeptide VGF (nonacronymic) has been discussed as a biomarker for neuropsychiatric disorders. We have shown an enhanced VGF expression by T-cells from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. In this study, we investigated the VGF expression by peripheral monocytes in 38 AD patients, 5 patients with vascular dementia (VD), and 20 neuropsychiatrically healthy individuals using flow cytometry. We determined an enhanced number of VGF-expressing monocytes in VD patients compared to AD patients. VGF+CD14+ monocytes were not correlated with age, body mass index, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), or Q albumin. These preliminary data support findings indicating that VGF might play a role as a peripheral biomarker in VD.

scholarly journals Isoprostanoids Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid Do Not Reflect Alzheimer’s Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Carmen Peña-Bautista ◽  
Miguel Baquero ◽  
Marina López-Nogueroles ◽  
Máximo Vento ◽  
David Hervás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Csf Biomarkers ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Neuropsychological Status ◽  
State Examination

Previous studies showed a relationship between lipid oxidation biomarkers from plasma samples and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), constituting a promising diagnostic tool. In this work we analyzed whether these plasma biomarkers could reflect specific brain oxidation in AD. In this work lipid peroxidation compounds were determined in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from AD and non-AD (including other neurological pathologies) participants, by means of an analytical method based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis evaluated correlations between biological matrices. The results did not show satisfactory correlations between plasma and CSF samples for any of the studied lipid peroxidation biomarkers (isoprostanes, neuroprostanes, prostaglandines, dihomo-isoprostanes). However, some of the analytes showed correlations with specific CSF biomarkers for AD and with neuropsychological tests (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS)). In conclusion, lipid peroxidation biomarkers in CSF samples do not reflect their levels in plasma samples, and no significant differences were observed between participant groups. However, some of the analytes could be useful as cognitive decline biomarkers.

scholarly journals NEUROPSI battery subtest profile in subcortical vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Niures P.S. Matioli ◽  
Paulo Caramelli
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Subcortical Vascular Dementia ◽  
Severity Of Dementia ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of subtests of the NEUROPSI battery for differentiating subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD) from Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Thirteen patients with mild SVaD, 15 patients with mild probable AD, and 30 healthy controls, matched for age, education and dementia severity (in the case of patients), were submitted to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and NEUROPSI battery. The performance of AD and SVaD groups on NEUROPSI subtests was compared. The statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. The results were interpreted at the 5% significance level (p<0.05). Bonferroni's correction was applied to multiple comparisons (a=0.02). Results: SVaD and AD patients showed no statistical difference in MMSE scores (SVaD=20.8 and AD=21.0; p=1.0) or in NEUROPSI total score (SVaD=65.0 and AD=64.3; p=0.56), suggesting a similar severity of dementia. The AD group performed worse on memory recall (<0.01) and SVaD group was worse in verbal fluency subtests (p=0.02). Conclusion: NEUROPSI's memory and language subtests can be an auxiliary tool for differentiating SVaD from AD.

Is there an MCI reversion to cognitively normal? Analysis of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers profiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon Ho Park ◽  
Changsu Han
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Disease Biomarkers ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Fluid Imaging

ABSTRACTBackground:We investigated the characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) reversion to cognitively normal (CN).Methods:Of a total of 1,233 participants from the ADNI database, 42 participants with MCI reversion to CN (MCIr), 778 with MCI, and 413 CN were obtained. We evaluated demographics, clinical outcomes, medication use, MCI type, and AD biomarkers, including genetic, cerebrospinal fluid, imaging, and neuropsychological data.Results:This study showed that the differences between MCIr and CN were only age, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Clinical Dementia Rating – Sum of Boxes, but the differences between MCIr and MCI were not only clinical outcomes but also AD biomarkers, including genetic, cerebrospinal fluid, imaging, and neuropsychological data. Overall, MCIr may be similar to CN and not MCI in clinical characteristics.Conclusions:With assessment of MCI reversion to CN, the possibility of false-positive errors should be considered. With the assistance of AD biomarkers, MCI can be evaluated more accurately than the conventional criteria.

Disorders of “taste cognition” are associated with insular involvement in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: “Memory of food is impaired in dementia and responsible for poor diet”

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1127-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teiko Suto ◽  
Kenichi Meguro ◽  
Masahiro Nakatsuka ◽  
Yuriko Kato ◽  
Kimihiro Tezuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Swallowing Problems ◽  
The Right ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACTBackground:In dementia patients, dietary intake problems may occur despite the absence of swallowing problems. We investigated cognitive functions on food and taste in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) patients.Methods:Participants included 15 healthy controls (HC), 30 AD and 20 VaD patients. Food Cognition Test: Replicas of three popular foods in Japan with no odors were presented visually to each participant, with the instruction to respond with the name of each food. Replicas of food materials were subsequently presented to ask whether they were included in these foods. Taste Cognition Test: Replicas of 12 kinds of foods were presented to describe their expected tastes.Results:The AD/VaD groups exhibited significantly lower scores on Food/Taste Cognition Tests compared with the HC group. These scores correlated inversely with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in the AD group. Decreased dietary intake was observed in 12 of the 50 patients; 8 of the 12 exhibited decreased Taste Cognition Test scores, higher than that of the normal-intake patients. There was no difference in the filter paper taste disc test between HC/AD/VaD groups. To test the hypothesis that the insula is associated with taste cognition, two MMSE-matched AD subgroups (n = 10 vs. 10) underwent positron emission tomography. Glucose metabolism in the right insula was lower in the low taste cognition subgroup. The VaD patients with insular lesions exhibited impaired Taste Cognition Test findings.Conclusions:It is important to consider the cognitive aspect of dietary intake when we care for dementia patients.

scholarly journals Hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: preliminary findings

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (3b) ◽  
pp. 751-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Barbosa Jeronimo Hartmann ◽  
Sérgio Monteiro de Almeida ◽  
José Antonio Livramento ◽  
Ricardo Nitrini ◽  
Daniel Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Hyperphosphorylated Tau ◽  
Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein ◽  
Severity Of Dementia ◽  
State Examination

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau-associated neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral tissue. The search for antemortem biomarkers is intense including analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) beta-amyloid and tau proteins concentrations seeking for an accurate and early diagnosis. Levels of hyperphosphorylated tau at threonine 181 were measured in the CSF of 34 patients with AD (19 with senile AD - SAD and eight with presenile AD - PSAD) and seven with other dementias (OD). The levels of CSF phosphotau were significantly higher in the AD patients compared to OD (AUC 0.812), with no association with severity of dementia, age of onset, duration of the disease or scores in the Mini-Mental State Examination. There were no differences of phosphotau levels between SAD and PSAD patients. These findings corroborate some previous studies and indicate that CSF phosphotau may help to differentiate AD from other dementias.

scholarly journals Cerebral emboli and depressive symptoms in dementia

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Purandare ◽  
Richard C. Oude Voshaar ◽  
Jayne Hardicre ◽  
Jane Byrne ◽  
Charles McCollum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Vascular Depression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Examination

BackgroundThe vascular depression hypothesis and our recent findings of increased frequency of spontaneous cerebral emboli in dementia suggest that such emboli may be involved in the causation of depressive symptoms in dementia.AimsTo evaluate the association between spontaneous cerebral emboli and depressive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.MethodIn a cohort of 142 patients with dementia (72 with Alzheimer's disease and 70 with vascular dementia), the association between spontaneous cerebral emboli and clinically relevant depressive symptoms was examined using multiple logistic regression analyses.ResultsSpontaneous cerebral emboli were significantly more frequent in the patients with clinically relevant depressive symptoms (66 v. 37%, P=0.03). After adjustment for age, gender, Mini-Mental State Examination score, type of dementia and significant cardiovascular risk factors, the relationship remained significant (OR=3.47, 95% CI 1.10–10.97).ConclusionsSpontaneous cerebral emboli are associated with clinically relevant depressive symptoms in dementia, and further research is needed to explore the nature of this relationship.

Validation of the Hungarian version of Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale – Cognitive Subscale

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (12) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdolna Pákáski ◽  
Gergely Drótos ◽  
Zoltán Janka ◽  
János Kálmán
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Cognitive Subscale ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Hungarian Version

The cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale is the most widely used test in the diagnostic and research work of Alzheimer’s disease. Aims: The aim of this study was to validate and investigate reliability of the Hungarian version of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy control subjects. Methods: syxty-six patients with mild and moderate Alzheimer’s disease and 47 non-demented control subjects were recruited for the study. The cognitive status was established by the Hungarian version of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale and Mini Mental State Examination. Discriminative validity, the relation between age and education and Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale, and the sensitivity and specificity of the test were determined. Results: Both the Mini Mental State Examination and the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale had significant potential in differentiating between patients with mild and moderate stages of Alzheimer’s disease and control subjects. A very strong negative correlation was established between the scores of the Mini Mental State Examination and the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale in the Alzheimer’s disease group. The Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale showed slightly negative relationship between education and cognitive performance, whereas a positive correlation between age and Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale scores was detected only in the control group. According to the analysis of the ROC curve, the values of sensitivity and specificity of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale were high. Conclusions: The Hungarian version of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale was found to be highly reliable and valid and, therefore, the application of this scale can be recommended for the establishment of the clinical stage and follow-up of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. However, the current Hungarian version of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale is not sufficient; the list of words and linguistic elements should be selected according to the Hungarian standard in the future. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 461–466.

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