Suicide Attempts During Adolescence: Systematic Hospitalization and Crisis Treatment

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Ottino
Keyword(s):  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Inpatient Unit ◽  
Theoretical Hypothesis ◽  
Initial Resistance ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

This paper deals with an inpatient unit that recently opened in Geneva, specializing in the treatment of patients aged 16-21 years who had attempted suicide or felt the desire to commit suicide. This particular center was established because of the significant weaknesses found in the provision of care to adolescents who had attempted suicide. Despite the growing interest of health workers in this area of study over recent years, the frequency of suicide among the young has not decreased and there are numerous recurrences of the suicide attempts. Further, all efforts to improve the adolescents' compliance with psychiatric treatment have failed to date. The number of drop-outs from treatment is still very high. Thus, the objectives of our inpatient unit are as follows: (1) to overcome initial resistance to treatment and to improve long-term compliance; (2) to decrease the number of recurrent attempts as a consequence of the above, thus increasing life expectancy; (3) to offer the adolescents who have tried (or have contemplated) committing suicide an improved quality of life, after first helping them overcome the suicidal crisis. To achieve these goals, the therapeutic team of the unit proposes short stays during which the work with the adolescents consists of a very intensive psychoanalytic-oriented crisis intervention. Numerous practical aspects of our therapeutic approach in the inpatient unit are related here in detail, always with reference to our theoretical hypothesis.

scholarly journals Suicidal Career in Severe Depression among Long-Term Survivors: In a Followup after 37–53 Years Suicide Attempts Appeared to End Long before Depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Crona ◽  
Alexander Mossberg ◽  
Louise Brådvik
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Course Of Depression

Objective. To describe the suicidal career in the long-term course of severe depression.Subjects and Method. Seventy-five former in-patients were interviewed by telephone about course of depression and suicide attempts 37–53 years after index admission. Medical records were read in many cases.Results. 29 subjects had attempted suicide, 13 repeated, 10 made severe, and 13 violent attempts. The risk of suicide attempt decreased by 10% for every decade spent depressed. Suicide attempts were made early in course of depression, and more time was spent depressed after suicide attempts than before.Conclusions. A healing process of the suicidal career, which may occur long before the end of the last depressive episode (sometimes decades), is proposed.

Long-term economic and social outcomes of youth suicide attempts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Orri ◽  
Francis Vergunst ◽  
Gustavo Turecki ◽  
Cédric Galera ◽  
Eric Latimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Retirement Savings ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes

Background Youth who attempt suicide are more at risk for later mental disorders and suicide. However, little is known about their long-term socioeconomic outcomes. Aims We investigated associations between youth suicide attempts and adult economic and social outcomes. Method Participants were drawn from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Kindergarten Children (n = 2140) and followed up from ages 6 to 37 years. Lifetime suicide attempt was assessed at 15 and 22 years. Economic (employment earnings, retirement savings, welfare support, bankruptcy) and social (romantic partnership, separation/divorce, number of children) outcomes were assessed through data linkage with government tax return records obtained from age 22 to 37 years (2002–2017). Generalised linear models were used to test the association between youth suicide attempt and outcomes adjusting for background characteristics, parental mental disorders and suicide, and youth concurrent mental disorders. Results By age 22, 210 youths (9.8%) had attempted suicide. In fully adjusted models, youth who attempted suicide had lower annual earnings (average last 5 years, US$ −4134, 95% CI −7950 to −317), retirement savings (average last 5 years, US$ −1387, 95% CI −2982 to 209), greater risk of receiving welfare support (risk ratio (RR) = 2.05, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.04) and were less likely to be married/cohabiting (RR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.93), compared with those who did not attempt suicide. Over a 40-year working career, the loss of individual earnings attributable to suicide attempts was estimated at US$98 384. Conclusions Youth who attempt suicide are at risk of poor adult socioeconomic outcomes. Findings underscore the importance of psychosocial interventions for young people who have attempted suicide to prevent long-term social and economic disadvantage.

scholarly journals VARTOJANČIŲJŲ PSICHOAKTYVIAS MEDŽIAGAS MĖGINIMŲ NUSIŽUDYTI TIPAI

Psichologija ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Jurgita Rimkevičienė ◽  
Danutė Gailienė
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Substance Users ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

Suicidologijoje stokojama duomenų apie psichoaktyvių medžiagų vartojimo vaidmenį savižudybės procese bei impulsyvių ir neimpulsyvių mėginimų nusižudyti skirtumus. Šiame tyrime atlikta 15 vartojančių alkoholį arba narkotikus asmenų, per paskutinius metus mėginusių nusižudyti, kokybinių interviu teminė analizė. Tyrimas leido išskirti ne du, kaip aprašoma literatūroje, o tris mėginimų nusižudyti tipus, būdingus vartojantiems psichoaktyvias medžiagas: planuoti, neplanuoti ir mėginimai nusižudyti „aptemus sąmonei“, ir aprašyti visiems jiems būdingus bruožus. Nepaisant kai kurių ribotumų, šis tyrimas gali pasiūlyti vertingų įžvalgų vertinant vartojančių psichoaktyvias medžiagas asmenų suicidinę riziką.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: mėginimas nusižudyti, savižudybės procesas, psichoaktyvios medžiagos, alkoholis, narkotikai.THE TYPES OF SUICIDE PROCESS AMONG PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE USERS Jurgita Rimkevičienė, Danutė Gailienė Summary Research regarding the role of psychoactive substance use in the process of suicide is lacking in current sui­cidology. In addition to this, evidence shows that im­pulsive suicide attempts are common among substance users. However there is no clear understanding of the impulsive suicide process. That makes it difficult to combine results of different studies and create clear guidelines for impulsive suicide risk evaluation. The purpose of this research is to depict the impulsive and non-impulsive process of suicide among psychoactive substance users. The participants of the study were 15 psycho­active substance (10 – alcohol, 5 – drug) users, who had attempted suicide during the last year. 8 of them attempted once, 4 – two or three times, other 3 – more than 5 times. All participants – 4 women and 11 men were patients from Vilnius Centre for Addictive Disorders and Vilnius Mental Health Centre. Quali­tative interviews based on Suicide Intent Scale were conducted about the suicide attempt or attempts. A thematic analysis of the interviews was used to depict the process of suicide. This study led to distinguishing 3 different types of attempted suicide – planned, unplanned and suicide attempts during a “blackout” – which are typical for psychoactive substance users. Both unplanned suicide attempts and suicide attempts during a “blackout” can be called impulsive, though the latter diverged by their hastiness, aggressiveness, inability to control one’s behaviour, intensive feeling of anger, serious danger caused to health and wellbeing, as well as a follo­wing amnesia of a major part of the suicide attempt. Intensive emotions, especially anger and stressors in interpersonal relationships, had a major impact for the respondents in the process of suicide. According to the participants of the survey, substance use had intensified their suicidal crisis having a clear effect on their emotional, relationship and other difficulties. In addition, alcohol and drug use was considered as one of the suicide methods. Despite several restrictions of the research, the study results provide some valuable insight in the suicide risk evaluation among psycho­active substance users. Key words: suicide attempt, suicide process, psychoactive substances, alcohol, drugs.

Temperament and character traits among suicidal patients during depressive episode of bipolar disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s890-s891
Author(s):  
A. Petek Eric ◽  
I. Eric ◽  
K. Dodig-Curkovic ◽  
K. Kralik ◽  
P. Filakovic
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Suicidal Patients

IntroductionBoth suicide and mood disorders represent current and future global burden on public health system. Bipolar disorder (BD), part of a diagnostic group of mood disorders, is characterized by manic, depressive and mixed episodes with life-expectancy much shorter than in general population. Patients with BD have 30 times higher suicide rate than the general population and 25–50% of these patients attempts suicide. About 15% of patients who attempted suicide eventually end their lives with completed suicide.AimThe aim of our research was to distinguish personality features among bipolar patients with current depressive episode (BD-D) who attempted suicide.Materials and methodsThe research was conducted among patients with depressive episode of BD (according to diagnostic criteria of ICD–10) who attempted suicide and had been admitted for hospital psychiatric treatment. For assessment of personality, we used the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI, Cloninger R.) upon admittance. Our sample consisted of 31 (n = 31) patient who met the above mentioned criteria. All patients given their written informed consent. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0.ResultsIn our sample, we found, higher scores on harm-avoidance (HA), significantly higher scores on novelty seeking (NS) with significantly lower scores on persistence (P), self-directedness (SD) and cooperativeness (C) scales of the TCI. The Mann–Whitney-U test was used to compare samples.ConclusionIn our sample, suicide attempts are associated with temperament and character dimensions. These results confirmed our initial hypotheses on existence of specific personality features among that group of suicidal patients with BD–D.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Attempted Suicide and Criminal Justice System in a Sample of Forensic Psychiatric Patients in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johari Khamis ◽  
Ravivarma Rao Panirselvam ◽  
Norhameza Ahmad Badruddin ◽  
Farynna Hana Ab Rahman ◽  
Chan Lai Fong
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

Criminalization of suicide attempts is an archaic barrier to suicide prevention. Globally, clinical profiles of prosecuted suicide attempters are an under-researched area. This retrospective study aims to describe the clinical profiles of individuals who were charged for attempted suicide and subsequently sent for criminal responsibility and fitness to plead evaluation in a forensic psychiatric unit in Malaysia from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2019. We identified 22 cases who were mostly adult males (90.9%). Seventy-three percent have a psychiatric disorder. Mood disorders were more prevalent (32%) followed by psychotic disorders and substance use disorders. For most of these individuals, this was the first contact with any form of mental health services and 41% defaulted their treatment before arrest. This sample illustrates a vulnerable group who has been disengaged with mental healthcare. Future research is warranted to further investigate mechanisms that are effective in addressing unmet needs of persons in suicidal crisis as opposed to utilizing the criminal justice pathway.

scholarly journals Risk factors of suicide attempts by poisoning: review

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cláudia da Cruz Pires ◽  
Tatiana de Paula Santana da Silva ◽  
Marcela Pires dos Passos ◽  
Everton Botelho Sougey ◽  
Othon Coelho Bastos Filho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Suicide Attempted ◽  
Keywords Suicide

Introduction: Suicide, a complex and universal human phenomenon, is a major public health problem. This study reviewed the literature about the major risk factors associated with suicide attempts by poisoning. Methods: An integrative review of the literature was performed in databases (LILACS, PubMed and MEDLINE) to search for studies published between 2003 and 2013, using the following keywords: suicide, attempted; poisoning; risk factors. Inclusion criteria were: original study with abstract, sample of adults, and attempted suicide by poisoning in at least 50% of the study population. Results: Two hundred and nineteen studies were retrieved and read by two independent examiners, and 22 were included in the study. The main risk factors for suicide attempts by poisoning were female sex, age 15-40 years, single status, little education, unemployment, drug or alcohol abuse or addiction, psychiatric disorder and psychiatric treatment using antidepressants. Conclusion: Further prospective studies should be conducted to confirm these risk factors or identify others, and their findings should contribute to planning measures to prevent suicide attempts.

Long Term Well-Being in Those Who Attempt Suicide and Survive: A Research Call

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingjie Tong ◽  
Todd Barrett Kashdan ◽  
JONATHAN ROTTENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Risk Research ◽  
Potential Use

Over 48,000 people died by suicide in 2018 in the United States, and more than 25 times that number attempted suicide. Research on suicide has focused much more on risk factors and adverse outcomes than on protective factors and more benign trajectories. Consequently, little is known regarding good long-term psychological adaptation in those who attempt suicide and survive. In this call for research, we argue for the need to investigate the phenomenon of long-term psychological well-being after suicide attempts, and we explain how this effort complements traditional risk research by (a) providing a more comprehensive understanding of the sequelae of suicide attempts, (b) identifying protective factors for potential use in interventions and prevention, and (c) contributing to knowledge and public education that reduces the stigma associated with suicide-related behaviors.

Explaining Suicide: The Views of Survivors of Serious Suicide Attempts

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (6) ◽  
pp. 780-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian O'Donnell ◽  
Richard Farmer ◽  
José Catalán
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Suicidal Intent ◽  
Suicide Intent ◽  
High Level

BackgroundThere is a dearth of information on the motivational aspects of serious suicide attempts, in particular those which involve violent methods. Clarification of the reasons which lie behind such acts may suggest appropriate preventive strategies.MethodInterviews were carried out with 20 individuals who had attempted suicide by jumping in front of a railway train. Demographic and psychiatric data were collected for each case and the Suicidal Intent Scale was administered.ResultsIn most cases the act had been impulsive and was characterised by an extremely high level of suicidal intent. The majority were receiving psychiatric treatment at the time of their suicide attempt. In some cases, survival and the aftermath of the attempt appeared to have a beneficial effect on mental state.ConclusionsWhile high levels of psychiatric morbidity and high suicidal intent were common, impulsivity and improved mental state indicate that there are similarities between high and low suicide intent survivors.

Childhood Victimization by Adults and Peers and Health-Risk Behaviors in Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ángeles Cerezo ◽  
Elena Pérez-García
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractVictimization experienced in childhood has been linked with health-risk behaviors (HRBs) in adulthood. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey was to provide data regarding the HRBs using the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool Retrospective version (ICAST-R), Spanish version. This aimed to broaden existing knowledge by assessing both being victimized by adults and by peers in a Spanish general population of 348, aged 18–35. Age and timing of the reported victimization were also considered. Victimization: physical, psychological, sexual abuse by adults and/or peers showed a prevalence of 44.54%. Of these, 41.29% reported abuse by both. Children victimized by adults, regardless of type, were significantly associated to be psychologically abused by their peers (p < .001). Moreover, psychological maltreatment by adults was significantly associated with two peer victimizations: Physical and psychological (p < .001 in both). Regarding HRBs, peer victimized groups showed significantly higher levels of severity than non-victimized, with a higher proportion reporting attempted suicide (p < .05) and psychological or psychiatric treatment (p < .05). Participants victimized only by adults reported higher number of HRBs (p < .01), their victimization was associated to more severe abuse of drugs/alcohol (p ≤ .05), and suicide attempts (p < .05). Those victimized by adults and peers received treatment in higher proportion than non-victims (p < .001). Participants reporting victimization since before 5 years to age of 17, compared with non-victimized, showed more substance abuse (p < .05), attempted suicide (p < .01) and receipt of treatment (p < .05). These findings highlight the relevance of ICAST-R in studying HRBs.

Analysis of Deliberate Self-Wrist-Cutting Episodes Presenting to the Emergency Department

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Kim ◽  
Han Joon Kim ◽  
Soo Hyun Kim ◽  
Sang Hoon Oh ◽  
Kyu Nam Park
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment

Abstract. Background: Previous suicide attempts increase the risk of a completed suicide. However, a large proportion of patients with deliberate self-wrist cutting (DSWC) are often discharged without undergoing a psychiatric interview. Aims: The aims of this study were to investigate the differences in the characteristics and outcomes of patients with DSWC and those with deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) episodes. The results of this study may be used to improve the efficacy of treatment for DSWC patients. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 598 patients with DSWC and DSP who were treated at the emergency department of Seoul Saint Mary's Hospital between 2008 and 2013. We assessed sociodemographic information, clinical variables, the reasons for the suicide attempts, and the severity of the suicide attempts. Results: A total of 141 (23.6%) patients were included in the DSWC group, and 457 (76.4%) were included in the DSP group. A significantly greater number of patients in the DSWC group had previously attempted suicide (p = .014). A total of 63 patients (44.7%) in the DSWC group and 409 patients (89.5%) in the DSP group underwent psychiatric interviews. Conclusion: More DSWC patients had previously attempted suicide, but fewer of them underwent psychiatric interviews compared with the DSP patients.

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