Beyond a Single Pattern of Mixed Emotional Experience

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Oceja ◽  
Pilar Carrera
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Emotional Ambivalence ◽  
Single Pattern ◽  
Different Levels

The Analogical Emotional Scale (AES) permits respondents to represent the changes that occur in the course of two different emotions over the time in which they are experienced ( Carrera & Oceja, 2007 ). We tested whether the use of the AES allows us to go beyond the distinction between sequential and simultaneous emotional experiences. Specifically, the AES permits us to detect and discriminate at least four different patterns of mixed emotional experience: sequential, prevalence, inverse, and highly simultaneous. We carried out four studies in which different stimuli were used for inducing emotion: personal memories, verbal accounts, videos, and photographs. The results supported our expectation that these four patterns are associated with different levels of emotional ambivalence and tension along a continuum from lesser to greater: sequential, prevalence, inverse, and highly simultaneous.

scholarly journals Cultural Differences in the Hedonic Rewards of Recalling Kindness: Priming Cultural Identity with Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90
Author(s):  
Lilian J. Shin ◽  
Seth M. Margolis ◽  
Lisa C. Walsh ◽  
Sylvia Y. C. L. Kwok ◽  
Xiaodong Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
The Usa

AbstractRecent theory suggests that members of interdependent (collectivist) cultures prioritize in-group happiness, whereas members of independent (individualist) cultures prioritize personal happiness (Uchida et al. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5(3), 223–239 Uchida et al., 2004). Thus, the well-being of friends and family may contribute more to the emotional experience of individuals with collectivist rather than individualist identities. We tested this hypothesis by asking participants to recall a kind act they had done to benefit either close others (e.g., family members) or distant others (e.g., strangers). Study 1 primed collectivist and individualist cultural identities by asking bicultural undergraduates (N = 357) from Hong Kong to recall kindnesses towards close versus distant others in both English and Chinese, while Study 2 compared university students in the USA (n = 106) and Hong Kong (n = 93). In Study 1, after being primed with the Chinese language (but not after being primed with English), participants reported significantly improved affect valence after recalling kind acts towards friends and family than after recalling kind acts towards strangers. Extending this result, in Study 2, respondents from Hong Kong (but not the USA) who recalled kind acts towards friends and family showed higher positive affect than those who recalled kind acts towards strangers. These findings suggest that people with collectivist cultural identities may have relatively more positive and less negative emotional experiences when they focus on prosocial interactions with close rather than weak ties.

scholarly journals Emotions vocabulary and the reconceptualisation of emotions in Ann Radcliffe’s “The Italian, or the Confessional of the Black Penitents”

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-58
Author(s):  
Elena D. Andonova-Kalapsazova
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Francis Hutcheson ◽  
History Of

The article undertakes the analysis of Ann Radcliffe’s novel The Italian, or the Confessional of the Black Penitents (1797) from a history of literary emotions perspective which, I argue, yields insights into the attitudes towards emotions embedded in Radcliffe’s works. A reading of the novel from such a perspective also complements the critical studies of the artist’s engaging with the eighteenth-century cult of sensibility. The novel is read as a text that registered but also participated in the dissemination of an epistemology of emotional experience articulated in the idiom of eighteenth-century moral philosophers – Francis Hutcheson, David Hume and Adam Smith - at the same time as it retained some of the older, theology-based conceptions of passions and affections. The dynamic in which the two frameworks for understanding the emotions exist in the novel is explored through a close reading of the vocabulary in which Radcliffe rendered the emotional experiences of her fictional characters. In this reading it is the passions which are found to have been invested with a variety of meanings and attributed a range of moral valences that most noticeably foreground the movement from a generally negative towards a more complex appreciation of powerful emotions.

scholarly journals Game Design for Emotions: a practicebased research on the design of game emotional experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Rafael Lucio de Mattos
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Emotional Design ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Final Questionnaire ◽  
Motivation Profiles ◽  
Game Environment

This research focuses on the development of emotionally directed gaming experiences demonstrating how the same game, when subjected to targeted audiovisual changes that do not affect its rules, objectives, and mechanics, can provide different emotional experiences. These experiences are related to the psychological and player motivation profiles of each individual. To this end, the research was structured into four main parts. The first, theoretical-conceptual, explored game design, seeking to find structures and elements that make up a game and the experience it proposes. A bibliographic review was carried out on: the study of emotions, including different classification approaches; a study on the relationships established between player, avatar, and game environment; and the concept of emotional design, proposed by Don Norman. The second part, analytical-investigative, consisted of the case study of three games (Journey, Amnesia: The Dark Descent, and Thomas Was Alone) with different gaming experience proposals. They were analyzed using a methodology based on game design elements and their relationship with the levels of emotional design. In this way, it was possible to understand how the design of each game contributes to the creation/development of different emotional experiences. In the third part, a field research was carried out to collect the psychological (Big Five) and player motivation (Quantic Foundry) profiles, through the application of questionnaires. The participants were then divided into groups according to their profiles (psychological and player motivation) to participate in the second part of this stage. Based on the information gathered by the previous steps, a short game was developed. From it, changes in its design were made to generate modified versions that, maintaining the game structure and essential rules, proposed different experiences to the players. All games had a player performance information collection system developed specifically for the research. The games were then made available to participants from the previous stages, who answered a final questionnaire. The responses, as well as information about the players’ performance, were used both to assess how each game affected the perception and to verify whether the psychological and motivation profiles of the player help to understand the emotional experiences of the game. Thus, the fourth part consisted of putting the knowledge into practice and testing the hypotheses developed from the previous steps and listed below. The research showed that 1) the visual and sound aesthetic influence of a game can have a considerable impact on the experience of playing, even if it does not affect the game mechanically; 2) The Big Five psychological profile and the player motivation profile are related to the emotional gaming experiences and can be used to better understand them.

scholarly journals The Nonlinear Development of Emotion Differentiation: Granular Emotional Experience Is Low in Adolescence

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1346-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik C. Nook ◽  
Stephanie F. Sasse ◽  
Hilary K. Lambert ◽  
Katie A. McLaughlin ◽  
Leah H. Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Developmental Trend ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Emotion Differentiation ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Intraclass Correlations ◽  
Laboratory Measure ◽  
Affective Experiences

People differ in how specifically they separate affective experiences into different emotion types—a skill called emotion differentiation or emotional granularity. Although increased emotion differentiation has been associated with positive mental health outcomes, little is known about its development. Participants ( N = 143) between the ages of 5 and 25 years completed a laboratory measure of negative emotion differentiation in which they rated how much a series of aversive images made them feel angry, disgusted, sad, scared, and upset. Emotion-differentiation scores were computed using intraclass correlations. Emotion differentiation followed a nonlinear developmental trajectory: It fell from childhood to adolescence and rose from adolescence to adulthood. Mediation analyses suggested that an increased tendency to report feeling emotions one at a time explained elevated emotion differentiation in childhood. Importantly, two other mediators (intensity of emotional experiences and scale use) did not explain this developmental trend. Hence, low emotion differentiation in adolescence may arise because adolescents have little experience conceptualizing co-occurring emotions.

Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Barlow ◽  
Kristen K. Ellard ◽  
Christopher P. Fairholme ◽  
Todd J. Farchione ◽  
Christina L. Boisseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Dissociative Disorders ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Transdiagnostic Treatment ◽  
Situational Cues ◽  
Unified Protocol ◽  
The Common ◽  
Evidenced Based

This online patient workbook is a radical departure from disorder-specific treatments of various emotional disorders, and is designed to be applicable to all anxiety and unipolar mood disorders, as well as other disorders with strong emotional components, such as many somatoform and dissociative disorders. It covers the Unified Protocol (UP), which capitalizes on the contributions made by cognitive-behavioral theorists by distilling and incorporating the common principles of CBT present in all evidenced based protocols for specific emotional disorders, as well as drawing on the field of emotion science for insights into deficits in emotion regulation. It discusses the seven modules of UP, and focuses on four core strategies: becoming mindfully aware of emotional experience; reappraising rigid emotion laden attributions; identifying and preventing behavioral and emotional avoidance; and facilitating exposure to both interoceptive and situational cues associated with emotional experiences.

Translating emotional insights into digital channel designs

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Straker ◽  
Cara Wrigley
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Technology Acceptance Model ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Airport Infrastructure ◽  
Acceptance Model ◽  
Digital Channels

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify and understand the emotions behind a passenger’s airport experience and how this can inform digital channel engagements. Design/methodology/approach This study investigates the emotional experience of 200 passengers’ journeys at an Australian domestic airport. A survey was conducted which implemented the use of Emocards and an interview approach of laddering. The responses were then analysed into attributes, consequences and values. Findings The results indicate that across key stages of the airport (parking, retail, gates and arrivals) passengers had different emotional experiences (positive, negative and neutral). The attributes, consequences and values behind these emotions were then used to propose digital channel content and purpose of various future digital channel engagements. Research limitations/implications By gaining emotional insights, airports are able to generate digital channel engagements, which align with passengers’ needs and values rather than internal operational motivations. Theoretical contributions include the development of the technology acceptance model to include emotional drivers as influences in the use of digital channels. Originality/value This paper provides a unique method to understand the passengers’ emotional journey across the airport infrastructure and suggest how to better design digital channel engagements to address passenger latent needs.

scholarly journals Types of Processes in the Client-Centered Therapy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Block Structure ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Client Centered Therapy

The basic theoretical principals of the process theory in client-centered psychotherapy - its stages, the purpose, the basic properties - are discussed in the article. It has been concluded that the process represented by C. Rogers hardly describes the psychotherapy itself; it reflects the process of personal growth. The model of the process motion as liberation from “blocking” emotional experiences is presented. The “block” structure and the model of a “capillary blocked with plaques” as well as clinical examples of “organismic flow” liberation are described. These ‘blocking’ emotions have specific qualities: 1) they are “stuck together” – there are no stand-alone offence, anger, helplessness etc.; they form an integral conglomerate; 2) they are resistant to an influence; 3) they do not disappear completely – they only abate and hide, forming a potential emotionality, which can become actual on the most insignificant occasion; 4) they are somatized,; 5) they are not flowing. “Blocking” emotions have a complex structure: they are based on unconscious primary “blocking” emotional experience (for example, the feeling of second-ratedness) and “secondary” emotional experiences are overlaying on it. Only when the primary components are removed from the structure of “blocking” emotional experience, the conglomerate of “blocking” feelings falls apart into separate emotions, that are ready to move. If any part of psychic becomes “dead”, for example, love and sexuality, then the quality “sort of” emerges in the functionality of an individual. Two clinical examples of work with “blocking” experiences are presented.

scholarly journals The Emotional Facet of Subjective and Neural Indices of Similarity

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 956-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Riberto ◽  
Gorana Pobric ◽  
Deborah Talmi
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Semantic Concepts ◽  
Multivariate Pattern ◽  
Indices Of Similarity ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractEmotional similarity refers to the tendency to group stimuli together because they evoke the same feelings in us. The majority of research on similarity perception that has been conducted to date has focused on non-emotional stimuli. Different models have been proposed to explain how we represent semantic concepts, and judge the similarity among them. They are supported from behavioural and neural evidence, often combined by using Multivariate Pattern Analyses. By contrast, less is known about the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying the judgement of similarity between real-life emotional experiences. This review summarizes the major findings, debates and limitations in the semantic similarity literature. They will serve as background to the emotional facet of similarity that will be the focus of this review. A multi-modal and overarching approach, which relates different levels of neuroscientific explanation (i.e., computational, algorithmic and implementation), would be the key to further unveil what makes emotional experiences similar to each other.

scholarly journals Features of Emotional Experiences in Individuals with Personality Disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Ewa Trzebińska ◽  
Anna Gabińska
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Performance Task ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
Emotional Sensitivity ◽  
The World ◽  
Nonclinical Sample

AbstractPersonality disorders (PDs) are marked by significant disturbances in the way of experiencing oneself, others and the world around. Yet there is paucity of research on the nature of emotional experiences in these disorders. The aim of this study was to examine whether and how emotional experience of individuals with ten distinct forms of PDs distinguished in DSM differs from those without PDs. The study was conducted via the Internet on a large nonclinical sample (N = 3509). Participants were administered a PDs measure and a performance task assessing three features of emotional experiences: emotional sensitivity, the valence of experienced emotions and the profile of five components constituting an emotion. As predicted, PDs sufferers experienced emotions differently from controls. Results demonstrated that individuals with all PDs were more receptive to emotional elicitation and displayed higher negative emotionality and a deficiency in the affective component of experienced emotions.

ENERGY INTENSITY OF A WORD (BASED ON MIXED EMOTIONS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
А.А. Штеба
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Driving Factor ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Mixed Emotions ◽  
Number Of Factors

В статье рассматриваются процессы эмоционально-смысловых модуляций семантики слов, а также факторы, приводящие к подобным изменениям конвенциональной семантики. На примере языковой категоризации смешанных эмоций, под которыми понимается объединение в синтаксически оформленное целое номинаций моно-, поли- и амбивалентных эмоциональных переживаний, показано, каким образом вербализация данного эмоционального переживания трансформирует семантику нейтральных лексических единиц. В соответствии с концепцией контекстных переходов (или bridging context) показано, что ситуативное (новое) значение лексической единицы, актуализируемое в той или иной коммуникативной ситуации, вступает в противоречие с нормативным значением. Данная внутренняя амбивалентность и противоречивость представляются движущим фактором развития, усложнения семантики. Поддерживается тезис о том, что семантика любого слова («внутреннее» слова) представляет собой энергийную сущность, а трансформация нейтральных лексических единиц в эмотивы является приемом объективации данного скрытого энергийного потенциала слова. В результате проведенного исследования показано, что экспликация смешанных эмоций выступает в функции катализатора энергийной сущности семантики слов. При этом любая лексическая единица характеризуется конвенциональной и индивидуальной семантикой. Последнюю, в свою очередь, актуализирует ряд факторов, к которым можно отнести контекст, коммуникативную ситуацию, коммуникативные намерения говорящего, его интенциональные векторы. The article deals with the processes of emotional and semantic modulations of word semantics, as well as factors that lead to such changes in conventional semantics. Using the example of language categorization of mixed emotions, which is understood as combining the categories of mono -, poly - and ambivalent emotional experiences into a syntactically formed whole, it is shown how the verbalization of this emotional experience transforms the semantics of neutral lexical units. In accordance with the concept of contextual transitions (or bridging context), it is shown that the situational (new) meaning of a lexical unit, which is updated in a particular communicative situation, comes into conflict with the normative meaning. This internal ambivalence and inconsistency seems to be a driving factor in the development and complexity of semantics. The thesis is supported that the semantics of any word (the interior word) is an energy entity, and the transformation of neutral lexical units into emotives is a method of objectification of this hidden energy potential of the word. As a result of the research, it is shown that the explication of mixed emotions acts as a catalyst for the energy essence of word semantics. At the same time, any lexical unit is characterized by conventional and individual semantics. The latter, in turn, actualizes a number of factors, which can include the context, the communicative situation, the speaker's communicative intentions, and his intentional vectors.

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