Modularity of the Personality Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 998-1008
Author(s):  
Daniel Castro ◽  
Filipa Ferreira ◽  
Tiago Bento Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Topological Structure ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Modular Structure ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Personality Item ◽  
Regularized Method

Abstract. The Five Factor Model (FFM) is the most widely used personality model; it proposes a hierarchical structure of personality with personality characteristics, facets, and factors. An increasing number of studies have challenged the FFM and a plethora of factor models with varying numbers of facets and factors have been proposed, leading to uncertainties about the structure of personality. The networked system of interactions between personality characteristics has stimulated promising progresses, however, the methodological developments needed to map the topological structure and functional organization remain scarce. This study aims to explore the hierarchical modular structure of the personality network and the functional role of personality characteristics. A sample of 345,780 individuals ( Mage = 24.99, SDage = 10.00; 59.18% female) that completed the International Personality Item Pool – NEO-120 in a previous study was reanalyzed. A non-regularized method was used to estimate the personality network and ModuLand was used to characterize its modular structure. Results revealed a modular structure comprising three levels: one level with the 120 personality characteristics, a second level with 35 modules, and a third with 9 modules. Such results suggest that specific personality characteristics and modules have specialized roles in the topological structure of the personality network.

The Multidimensional Mortality Awareness Measure and Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oona Levasseur ◽  
Mark R. McDermott ◽  
Kathryn D. Lafreniere
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Health Attitudes ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Multidimensional Measure

For each of eight literature-identified conceptual dimensions of mortality awareness, questionnaire items were generated, producing 89 in all. A total of 359 participants responded to these items and to questionnaires measuring health attitudes, risk taking, rebelliousness, and demographic variables. Multivariate correlational analyses investigated the underlying structure of the item pool and the construct validity as well as the reliability of the emergent empirically derived subscales. Five components, rather than eight, were identified. Given the item content of each, the associated mortality awareness subscales were labeled as legacy, fearfulness, acceptance, disempowerment, and disengagement. Each attained an acceptable level of internal reliability. Relationships with other variables supported the construct validity of these empirically derived subscales and more generally of this five-factor model. In conclusion, this new multidimensional measure and model of mortality awareness extends our understanding of this important aspect of human existence and supports a more integrative and optimistic approach to mortality awareness than previously available.

The “Right Stuff”: Personality Tests and the Five-Factor Model in Landing Craft Air Cushion Crew Training

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (13) ◽  
pp. 920-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Street ◽  
Kathleen T. Helton
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personality Testing ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Air Cushion ◽  
Training Success ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of our investigation was to determine if personality testing and a five-factor model could improve the selection of Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC) vehicle operators. Vehicle operators for the LCAC are currently selected on the basis of their performance on a computer-based psychomotor selection system. The various psychomotor tests in the selection system have demonstrated predictive validity in LCAC crew training. Certain personality characteristics may also be involved in the LCAC vehicle operator training success. In fact, various researchers have found that personality testing may improve the selection of Navy/Marine Corps aviators. There is increasing evidence that a five-factor model may be useful in describing the personality characteristics involved in training success. We believe that a five-factor model may improve the selection system used for LCAC vehicle operators. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was conducted to determine the underlying structure of the Adult Personality Inventory (API) with 168 LCAC crew candidates. The resulting factor scores were then entered into a series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses to determine the relation of the personality factor scores and the performance-based test to an underway grade in training criterion. The results indicated that one personality factor, openness, significantly improved predictions of the criterion ( p < 0.05). Based on these results, we believe that personality testing may improve the selection of LCAC vehicle operators.

UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENCES IN WEB USAGE: THE ROLE OF NEED FOR COGNITION AND THE FIVE FACTOR MODEL OF PERSONALITY

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Tuten ◽  
Michael Bosnjak
Keyword(s):  
Product Information ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Web Usage ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Web

Using the Five-factor model of personality and Need for Cognition, the authors investigated the relationship between personality and Web usage. Of the five factors, Openness to Experience and Neuroticism showed the greatest association to Web usage. Openness to Experience was positively related to using the Web for entertainment and product information, while Neuroticism was negatively related to Web usage. Need for Cognition was significantly and positively correlated with all Web activities involving cognitive thought.

scholarly journals Sexual offending hierarchies, personality attributions, and the clinical implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Elizabeth Challinor ◽  
Simon Duff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Sexual Offence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine sexual offending hierarchies constructed by the general public and forensic staff based on personal attitudes and perceived severity of offence. In addition, six sexual offence perpetrators are differentiated using the Five Factor Model of personality. Design/methodology/approach Vignettes represented six sexual offence perpetrators. Participants built a hierarchy based on perceived severity of offence, before attributing personality characteristics to each offender using a Likert-type scale. Findings Contact offenders were perceived as more dangerous than non-contact offenders. Rapists were perceived as the most dangerous, and voyeurs the least dangerous. Offenders were attributed significantly different personality traits. Generally, men who sexually offend are perceived to be low in agreeableness, openness and conscientiousness and high in impulsivity, manipulativeness and neuroticism. Practical implications The research highlights the importance of individual risk assessment in determining best practice treatment for men who have sexually offended (MSO). The Five Factor Model has been proven to be a useful tool to explore the impact staff attitudes have on risk assessment and treatment. Low-risk and high-risk MSO would benefit from divergent treatment. Consideration should be given to personality characteristics in addition to level of risk. Originality/value The research determines a hierarchy of men who sexually offend, and goes beyond the “label” of sexual offenders to explore how personality impacts on formation of attitudes.

scholarly journals The intervening role of social worldviews in the relationship between the five‐factor model of personality and social attitudes

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Hiel ◽  
I. Cornelis ◽  
A. Roets
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status

The present research investigates in a student (N = 183) and a voter sample (N = 276) whether the relationships between the Five‐Factor Model (FFM) personality dimensions and social attitudes (i.e. Right‐Wing Authoritarianism [RWA] and Social Dominance Orientation [SDO]) are mediated by social worldviews (i.e. dangerous and jungle worldviews). Two important results were obtained. First, the perception of the world as inherently dangerous and chaotic partially mediated the relationships of the personality dimensions Openness and Neuroticism and the social attitude RWA. Second, the jungle worldview completely mediated the relationships between Agreeableness and SDO, but considerable item overlap between the jungle worldview and SDO was also noted. It was further revealed that acquiescence response set and item overlap had an impact on social worldviews and attitudes, but that their relationships were hardly affected by these biases. The discussion focuses on the status of social worldviews to explain social attitudes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Validation of a German-language core self-evaluations scale

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Heilmann ◽  
Klaus Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
German Language ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Personality Item ◽  
Core Self

In this study the validation of a German-language Core Self-Evaluations Scale (CSES; Judge, Erez, Bono, & Thoresen, 2003) is presented. Core self-evaluations are fundamental appraisals that individuals hold about their own capability, effectiveness, and worthiness as a person (Judge et al., 2003). Data were collected from 2 samples, 200 from the workforce and 134 students. The data supported the underlying single-factor solution. The German-language CSES (G-CSES) was found to be reliable and shows convergent validity with regard to internality (Krampen, 1981) and International Personality Item Pool (IPIP40) neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness scales (Hartig, Jude, & Rauch, 2003) and discriminant validity with regard to the IPIP40 openness scale. The scale correlates significantly with job satisfaction and life satisfaction. Additionally, the G-CSES is incrementally valid over and above traits of the 5-factor model of personality.

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