scholarly journals Validation of Morality as Cooperation Questionnaire in Turkey, and Its Relation to Prosociality, Ideology, and Resource Scarcity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Onurcan Yilmaz ◽  
Mehmet Harma ◽  
Burak Doğruyol
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Us ◽  
Independent Test ◽  
Full Form ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The theory of morality as cooperation (MAC) argues that there are seven distinct and evolved universal moral foundations. Curry, Chesters, and Van Lissa (2019) developed a scale to test this theoretical approach and showed that the Relevance subscale of the MAC questionnaire (MAC-Q) fits data well, unlike the Judgment and full-form. However, an independent test of the validity of this questionnaire has not been hitherto conducted, and its relation with ideology is unknown. In the first study, we attempted to validate the Turkish form of MAC-Q and then examined the relationship with prosociality and political ideology. The results showed that the fit indices of MAC-Q Relevance are above the standard criteria, unlike the Judgment and full form ( n = 445), and significant relationships with prosociality and political ideology provided additional evidence for the validity. We used the MAC-Q Relevance in Study 2 ( n = 576, Turkey) and Study 3 ( n = 921, US), and investigated whether manipulating resource scarcity influences the endorsement of MAC. Although there was no effect of the manipulation, correlational findings provided some support for the predictive validity of MAC-Q. Overall, MAC-Q Relevance performs well in representing the lay notions of morality in both Turkey and the US, unlike full-form.

scholarly journals Validation of Morality as Cooperation Questionnaire in Turkey, and its Relation to Prosociality, Ideology, and Resource Scarcity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onurcan Yilmaz ◽  
Mehmet Harma ◽  
Burak Doğruyol
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Us ◽  
Independent Test ◽  
Full Form ◽  
The Relationship

The theory of morality as cooperation (MAC) argues that there are seven distinct and evolved universal moral foundations. Curry, Chesters, and van Lissa (2018) developed a scale to test this theoretical approach and showed that the Relevance subscale of the MAC questionnaire (MAC- Q) fits data well, unlike the Judgment and full form. However, an independent test of the validity of this questionnaire has not been hitherto conducted, and its relation with ideology is unknown. In the first study, we attempted to validate the Turkish form of MAC-Q and then examined the relationship with prosociality and political ideology. The results showed that the fit indices of MAC-Q Relevance are above the standard criteria, unlike the Judgment and full form (n=445), and significant relationships with prosociality and political ideology provided additional evidence for the validity. We used the MAC-Q Relevance in Study 2 (n=576, Turkey) and Study 3 (n=921, US), and investigated whether manipulating resource scarcity influences the endorsement of MAC. Although there was no effect of the manipulation, correlational findings provided some support for the predictive validity of MAC-Q. Overall, MAC-Q Relevance performs well in representing the lay notions of morality in both Turkey and the US, unlike full form.

scholarly journals Does Moral Foundations Theory Reveal that Teens Aren’t Entirely Split on P.C. Culture in Higher Education?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín M Lara Midkiff
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Foundations Theory ◽  
Attitude Assessment ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Psychometric Tool ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of Moral Foundations Theory (MFT) as a psychometric tool aimed at formalizing the study of political and moral psychology has led to many empirical studies and surveys over the last fifteen years. This present study documents the relationship between self-reported political identities, Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ)-determined political ideology, and a novel attitude assessment concerning political correctness (PC) in academia among randomly sampled high schoolers at a demographically representative and statistically unremarkable high school in the American Pacific Northwest. Contrary to the emerging consensus in this recent field of MFT psychology, evidence here suggests that teenagers of varying political allegiances may be in general agreement when it concerns a political issue that has predominated headlines in the United States: PC culture (and censorship broadly) found in American universities. Though largely a vindication of antecedent MFT surveys, does this unanticipated alignment indicate a possible acquiescence in the zeitgeist of an up-and-coming generation?

scholarly journals Appraisal of the Fairness Moral Foundation Predicts the Language Use Involving Moral Issues on Twitter Among Japanese

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Matsuo ◽  
Baofa Du ◽  
Kazutoshi Sasahara
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Concern ◽  
Moral Foundation ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
The Relationship

Moral appraisals are found to be associated with a person’s individual differences (e.g., political ideology), and the effects of individual differences on language use have been studied within the framework of the Moral Foundations Theory (MFT). However, the relationship between one’s moral concern and the use of language involving morality on social media is not self-evident. The present exploratory study investigated that relationship using the MFT. Participants’ tweets and self-reported responses to the questionnaire were collected to measure the degree of their appraisals according to the five foundations of the MFT. The Japanese version of the Moral Foundations Dictionary (J-MFD) was used to quantify the number of words in tweets relevant to the MFT’s five moral foundations. The results showed that endorsement of the Fairness and Authority foundations predicted the word frequency in the J-MFD across all five foundations. The findings suggest that the trade-off relationship between the Fairness and Authority foundations plays a key role in online language communication. The implications and future directions to scrutinize that foundation are discussed.

RELIGION AND POLITICS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 6 JANUARY 2021 ASSAULT ON THE US CONGRESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
Iulian DINULESCU
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

On January 6, 2021, an angry mob attacked security forces and stormed the United States Congress, a significant portion of which carried placards containing Christian symbols and manifested ultra-religious conduct. The crowd chanted religious slogans and songs mixed with extremist ideological-political landmarks, QAnon conspiracy theories and racist attitudes. The protesters also followed a ritual found in the Bible, in the Old Testament, in the book of Joshua Navi, an Israelite leader to whom God indicated how he would conquer the City of Jericho, full of corrupt and fornicating people if he obeyed the divine command. The participants in the assault followed the same ritual to “conquer” the fortress of the Capitol a month before and repeated it starting with January 5, 2021. Since religion is the belief in God and represents the relationship between the faithful man and divinity, the acquisition of elements of political ideology by ultra-religious people was considered natural and mandatory in shaping a society to develop on Christian principles in the form of a “Christian city”. In this article, by analyzing the attitude of the Christian community in two distinct phases, before and during and after the assault on the US Congress, the result of the manifestation of the phenomenon of ultrareligiosity combined with an extremist political ideology will be revealed.

scholarly journals US Stock Market And Macroeconomic Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Jareño ◽  
Loredana Negrut
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Relevant Factors

<p>This paper analyzes the relationship between the US stock market and some relevant US macroeconomic factors, such as gross domestic product, the consumer price index, the industrial production index, the unemployment rate and long-term interest rates. All the relevant factors show statistically significant relationships with the stock market except for the consumer price index, and the signs are consistent with the findings of previous literature.</p>

scholarly journals Moral Foundations Theory and the Psychology of Charitable Giving

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Nilsson ◽  
Arvid Erlandsson ◽  
Daniel Västfjäll
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
European Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Foundations Theory ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Moral Behaviour ◽  
Harm Prevention ◽  
The Relationship

Moral foundations theory proposes that intuitions about what is morally right or wrong rest upon a set of universal foundations. Although this theory has generated a recent surge of research, few studies have investigated the real–world moral consequences of the postulated moral intuitions. We show that they are predictably associated with an important type of moral behaviour. Stronger individualizing intuitions (fairness and harm prevention) and weaker binding intuitions (loyalty, authority, and sanctity) were associated with the willingness to comply with a request to volunteer for charity and with the amount of self–reported donations to charity organizations. Among participants who complied with the request, individualizing intuitions predicted the allocation of donations to causes that benefit out–groups, whereas binding intuitions predicted the allocation of donations to causes that benefit the in–group. The associations between moral foundations and self–report measures of allocations in a hypothetical dilemma and concern with helping in–group and out–group victims were similar. Moral foundations predicted charitable giving over and above effects of political ideology, religiosity, and demographics, although variables within these categories also exhibited unique effects on charitable giving and accounted for a portion of the relationship between moral foundations and charitable giving. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology

Cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome: US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2002

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Brien ◽  
Ian Janssen ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
National Health ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Us ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Representative Samples

Increasing physical activity is recommended as a therapeutic lifestyle change in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, little evidence exists for a relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and MetS in representative samples. Using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2002, the relationship between CRF and MetS was examined in 692 men and 608 women between the ages of 18 and 49 y who were free of major disease and disability. In men, the odds of MetS were significantly lower in moderate and high CRF categories versus the low CRF category, whereas in women there were no significant relationships between CRF and MetS.

When the going gets tough, the tough are let go? The effects of political ideology on leader tenure in organisations

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teng Zhang ◽  
Andrew T. Soderberg
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Head Coach ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Moral Foundation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Drawing on moral foundations theory (MFT), this paper aims to examine the relationship between community-level political ideology, organisational performance and leader tenure by proposing and testing an “ideology-authority hypothesis” wherein political ideology moderates the relationship between organisational performance decline and leader tenure in organisations. Design/methodology/approach The authors used archival data pertaining to the performance of teams from the National Basketball Association (NBA), the tenure of the head coaches and the voting record of the communities in which the teams are located. The authors used hierarchical linear modelling (HLM) to test the relationships among these variables at multiple levels. Findings The results provided empirical support for the “ideology-authority hypothesis”. Specifically, the magnitude of team winning percentage decrease from the previous season is positively associated with the tenure of the head coach in teams located in more conservative communities but not in teams located in more liberal communities. Originality/value This study examines leadership stability and change by highlighting the moral foundation of authority/subversion. The findings also illustrate the importance of a community-level variable – the general political climate of the community in which an organisation is embedded – in organisational decision-making.

scholarly journals Political ideology and attitudes toward vaccination: Study report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Czarnek ◽  
Małgorzata Kossowska ◽  
Paulina Szwed
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
European Context ◽  
The Us ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

As the relationship between ideology and attitudes towards vaccinations is usually analysed using data collected in the US context, in this report we focus on the vaccination attitudes in Europe, with a special focus on Poland. The current findings show that the effects of ideology on vaccine attitudes are insignificant when European context is considered. Instead, we found that ideology interact with political interest: among people interested in politics, right-wing ideology had negative effect on vaccine attitudes and beliefs, whereas for people not interested in politics, the effects of ideology were insignificant. However, the interaction effects were rather modest and did not provide support for the hypothesis that there is a “liberal bias” against vaccination. We suggest that it insignificant effects of ideology on vaccine attitudes in the European context is related to the fact that vaccines have not become a strongly politicized issue as it is in the US.

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