Telling the world: Presenting psychological research findings.

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Glenn Geher
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings

‘A Country Beyond the Pleasure Principle’: Alexander Luria, Death Drive and Dialectic in Soviet Russia, 1917–1930

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
October Revolution ◽  
Death Drive ◽  
Pleasure Principle ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Lev Vygotsky ◽  
Soviet Russia

Alexander Luria played a prominent role in the psychoanalytic community that flourished briefly in Soviet Russia in the decade following the 1917 October Revolution. In 1925 he co-wrote an introduction to Sigmund Freud's Beyond the Pleasure Principle with Lev Vygotsky, which argued that the conservatism of the instincts that Freud described might be overcome through the kind of radical social transformation then taking place in Russia. In attempting to bypass the backward looking aspects of Freud's theory, however, Luria and Vygotsky also did away with the tension between Eros and the death drive; precisely the element of Freud's essay they praised for being ‘dialectical’. This article theoretically unpicks Luria and Vygotsky's critique of psychoanalysis. It concludes by considering their optimistic ideological argument against the death drive with Luria's contemporaneous psychological research findings, proposing that Freud's ostensibly conservative theory may not have been as antithetical to revolutionary goals as Luria and Vygotsky assumed.

Happiness in Nations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruut Veenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Large Collection ◽  
Pursuit Of Happiness ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Happiness ◽  
Research Findings

Today1 there is increasing support for the idea that governments should aim at greater happiness for a greater number of citizens. Is this a mission impossible? The following questions arise in this context: (1) Is greater happiness in a nation feasible? (2) If so, can governments do much about it? (3) If so, what can governments do to raise happiness in their country? (4) How does the pursuit of happiness fit with other political aims? In this paper, I take stock of the available research findings on happiness that bear answers to these questions. To do this, I use a large collection of research findings gathered in the World Database of Happiness. These data show that greater happiness is possible, and indicate some ways to achieve this goal. The pursuit of public happiness fits well with several other policy aims.

Psychology Within and Without the State

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Clark Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychological Similarity

Psychological research in small-scale societies is crucial for what it stands to tell us about human psychological diversity. However, people in these communities, typically Indigenous communities in the global South, have been underrepresented and sometimes misrepresented in psychological research. Here I discuss the promises and pitfalls of psychological research in these communities, reviewing why they have been of interest to social scientists and how cross-cultural comparisons have been used to test psychological hypotheses. I consider factors that may be undertheorized in our research, such as political and economic marginalization, and how these might influence our data and conclusions. I argue that more just and accurate representation of people from small-scale communities around the world will provide us with a fuller picture of human psychological similarity and diversity, and it will help us to better understand how this diversity is shaped by historical and social processes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Sex Differences in Children's Art

1982 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen McNiff
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
School Adjustment ◽  
Children's Art ◽  
Artistic Activity ◽  
Psychological Differences ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
The Subject

This paper examines the similarities and differences in the art of boys and girls aged six, seven, and eight. It is primarily concerned with the ways in which the subject matter of the children's art reflects sex differences in interests, introspective thought, and symbolic organization of the world. The methodology, based on the spontaneous art experience, seeks to establish that artistic activity is a viable medium through which information on the non-discursive aspects of children's thought can be obtained. Over 1800 drawings, done by 26 children, were collected. The content of the drawings was examined for its range of subject matter and for thematic trends over time. It was found that girls and boys consistently portray very different subjects. The children's art did not present stereotypic images of sex roles nor could the contrasts be specifically attributed to genetic, social, or psychological differences between the sexes, although there was some correlation with the research findings in those areas. It was concluded that girls and boys have very different expressive interests and needs which are not fully incorporated into their educational environment and which affect all areas of school adjustment.

scholarly journals WAS THERE A 17TH CENTURY CRISIS IN SPANISH AMERICA?

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert S. Klein ◽  
Sergio T. Serrano Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
New Research

AbstractTraditional historical literature has stressed a generalised crisis throughout the world in the 17th century. First proposed for Europe with its numerous dynastic, religious and state conflicts, it has now been expanded to include Asia and the Middle East as well. It was also assumed that there was a significant crisis in the Americas, a theme which until recently has dominated the traditional literature. The claim that there was such a crisis was based on a series of classic studies by Earl J. Hamilton, Chaunu and Borah, among others. But new research has challenged this hypothesis and we will examine both these new studies as well as offering our own research findings on this subject.

scholarly journals Time management during corona virus Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saman Saleh ◽  
Abdulkhaleq Nader Qader ◽  
Mosleh Zeebaree ◽  
Goran Yousif Ismael ◽  
Musbah Aqel
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Household Tasks ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ancient Civilizations ◽  
And Control

Time management is the ability to plan and control how a person spends his hours in order to achieve his goals effectively. This involves organizing time between different areas of life, from work, household tasks, social life, and hobbies. Time always passes and we cannot control it, but time management is by organizing events in your life in proportion to time. You may often want to get more time in your day, but you only have 24 hours, 1440 minutes, or 86,400 seconds each day. How long can someone invest Time has acquired its importance for a person, as it represents an important dynamic and mobile dimension in his life that he cannot control, and because it is the vessel that embraces all human interactions and products, and because it is life itself, and that life is the amount of time that a person lives from birth until his death. Therefore, many specialists consider time as the most important component of life, and the most important resource available to humans in life, due to its unique and distinctive features. Because of the importance of time for humans, the ancient civilizations and the various monotheistic religions varied in their interest in it, but during research findings that there are important to record a precedent in order to take advantage of each part of the time, its parts to implement the righteous and purposeful workers that benefit them with good and benefit in the world and the hereafter, and warned them against wasting it and this is clearly manifested in many of the evidence included in the recommendation and result in part.

scholarly journals Preface

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 011001
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Combating Desertification ◽  
Desert Regions

The ICDS conference intends to bring together junior and senior, international and national researchers, scientists and scholars interesting in the field of desertification combat and water harvesting in desert regions. We think the conference will offer an excellent opportunity for networking with other members and exchange knowledge and explore the most recent developments in the desertification combat such as Water Resources Management in Desert Regions, Ecosystem and Biodiversity of Desert, Geology and Remote Sensing for Combating Desertification, Recent Agricultural Techniques Serving in Desert Soil Management, and Desert Regions Exploitation for Agricultural Production Regards. ICDS-2021 is a prestigious event organized by the Center of Desert Studies in cooperation with the College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, with a motivation to provide an excellent international platform for academicians, researchers, engineers, industrial participants and budding students around the world to share their research results with the global experts. We cordially invited participants from all over the world who wish to share their best practices and research findings in ICDS-2021 and enlighten their new ideas to make this event growing from strength to strength. Participants will be offered the opportunity to contribute to the conference in various roles: they can discuss keynotes, produce a poster presentation and submit full research or review articles. Articles submitted to the conference should report original high-quality and previously unpublished results. Submission of a manuscript implies that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. All submitted articles will be subjected to a double-blind peer-review process. Novelty, relevancy, language standards, references, and many other factors are considered for the evaluation process. The conference nominated Prof. Dr. Prof. Dr. Amir Ibrahim (College of Agriculture & Life Science Texas A&M University, U.S.), Prof. Dr. Medhat M. Elsahookie (College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Iraq), and Prof. Dr. Wadid Erian (Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt) as keynote speakers. ICDS-2021 will be held basically via physical attendance (In-person) for two days 17-18 November, 2021 in Ramadi, Anbar, Iraq. Each participant will be given approximately 10 minutes to view the most important findings of his/her research, and 5 minutes to discuss these results. Sincerely yours, Prof. Dr. Nihad Mohammed Aboud Director of the Center of Desert Studies/University of Anbar The Chairman of ICDS-2021 List of Committees (ICDS-2021) are available in this pdf.

scholarly journals IDEOLOGICAL INVOLUTION OF THE ISLAMISTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawaizul Umam
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
National Context ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Single System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Islamic Values

Islamism as one of transnational political Islam ideologies continues to spread throughout the world. Many researchers read the phenomenon of strengthening Islamism solely as part of the Islamic social movements. This article looks at it further as a threat to the social cohesiveness of contemporary society. It intends to describe the Islamism from (1) its genealogy to ideological ideas about the unification of dîn (religion) and dawlah (state) and (2) measuring how relevant that idea is realized in a global and national context and (3) proposing a counter-ideology as a solution. Genealogically, Islamism ideology shows the tendency of revivalism and even fundamentalism, which tries to set Islam as a single system in society life. For contemporary Indonesia concept, the ideology is not only realistic, but is also potentially destructive to the unity, the country-nation awareness, the democracy, and Islam’s mission as raḥmat li al-‘âlamîn. Its deployment can be forestalled by revitalizing an alternative strategic discourse containing Islamic values into every dimension of life in this country. Based on the documentary review, its research findings are expected to enrich the discourse as well as an early warning system for national solidity and religious solidarity, especially in Indonesia.

scholarly journals The Development of Online Learning in Israeli Higher Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erez Cohen ◽  
Nitza Davidovitch
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings

The COVID-19 pandemic that swept through the world in 2020 and forced the various higher education institutions in Israel and around the world to promptly embrace the online teaching method, placed on the agenda the question of this method’s efficacy as well as deliberations regarding its future implications. The current study reviews the development of online teaching in Israel’s higher education and examines whether this development derives from an organized and well-formulated public policy with a view to the future or is the result of the constraints and various actors within the free market. In addition, the study presents a case study of an academic institution, examining the opinions of students with regard to the benefits and shortcomings of online teaching. The research findings indicate that the development of online teaching in Israel is the result of needs, constraints, and opportunities that emerged in the free market rather than a result of organized public policy by the Ministry of Education and the Council for Higher Education. Consequently, the study presents the various implications of these unregulated developments for the quality of teaching and for student satisfaction. The study illuminates a thorough discussion that should be conducted by movers of higher education and academic institutions concerning a new effective designation of the campuses following the COVID-19 crisis as well as the distinction between virtual and real-life dimensions of academic teaching.

scholarly journals Enthusiasm-Based or Evidence-Based Charities: Personal Reflections Based on the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 802-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. L. Shek
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Charitable Foundations ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
The Needy

In charitable foundations throughout the world, different approaches are used to allocate funding. As many projects with good will (i.e., enthusiasm-based charity) actually fail to help those who really need it, it is argued that the evidence-based approach (i.e., charity guided by scientific evidence) represents the best strategy to support projects that can really help the needy. Using this approach, scientific research findings are systematically used to (1) understand the nature of the problem and/or social needs, (2) design appropriate intervention programs based on the best available evidence, and (3) systematically evaluate the outcomes of the developed program. Using the Project P.A.T.H.S. funded by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust as an example, the characteristics underlying this approach are outlined. The systematic use of scientific evidence in the Project P.A.T.H.S. is exemplary in different Chinese societies. This project provides much insight for charitable foundations and funding bodies locally and globally.

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