Neuropsychological measures for assessing disordered thought and perception.

Abstract Objective Among individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), those with depression report greater subjective cognitive complaints than those without depression. In mTBI patients with general cognitive complaints, depression may account for poor performance on objective neuropsychological measures. This study seeks to expand this research by examining depression, subjective executive functioning (EF) complaints, and objective EF performance in Veterans with mTBI. Method Fifty-seven Veterans with deployment-related mTBI (12% female; age M = 42.0, SD = 13.6; years education M = 15.0, SD = 1.8) with (n = 29) or without (n = 28) a chart diagnosis of depression. Participants were administered the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF) and objective neuropsychological measures of working memory (i.e., Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV Working Memory Index) and aspects of EF (i.e., Trail Making Test B and Delis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System (D-KEFS) subtests). Results Principal component analysis identified similar domains of EF to the BRIEF, including: task monitoring (Trail Making Test B, D-KEFS Letter Fluency, and D-KEFS Tower Test, eigenvalue = 1.93) and shifting (D-KEFS: Color-Word Interference Conditions 3 and 4, and Category Switching, eigenvalue = 1.24). Individuals with depression had greater subjective EF complaints in each BRIEF domain than non-depressed individuals (p’s ≤ .01). However, subjective complaints in these domains were not related to objective performance (r’s = −0.17,-0.19, p’s > .05). Moreover, depressed and non-depressed individuals performed similarly on all EF measures (p’s > .05). Conclusions mTBI Veterans with depression report more subjective EF complaints than those without depression. The lack of association between subjective complaints and objective EF performance suggests it is important to treat depression in mTBI patients to remedy perceived cognitive deficits.

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Daily Stimulation and Cognitive Functioning: The Importance of the Participation of Healthy Older People in Cognitively Demanding Everyday Activities

European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education ◽

10.3390/ejihpe4030029 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 309-319

Author(s):

José Antonio Labra Pérez ◽

Julio Menor

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

The Elderly ◽

Protective Mechanism ◽

Everyday Activity ◽

Neuropsychological Measures ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Everyday Activities ◽

Rural And Urban

The participation of the elderly in cognitively demanding activities is considered an enhancing factor of cognitive function. However, the life cycle psychosocial variables such as education and type of profession also influence in cognitive functioning. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between daily stimulation and cognitive functioning in a sample of healthy older adults, controlling the effects of education and the type of profession. The study involved 164 adults over 60 years, from rural and urban areas, with different levels of education and professional level which were assessed with an extensive battery of neuropsychological measures, as well as in an inventory of everyday activities built ad hoc. The results show that different cognitively demanding everyday activities are related to with cognitive processes, both fluids and crystallized. Furthermore, it was found that daily stimulation plays an important role in cognitive functioning outside of education and the type of profession performed. Overall, the results of this study shows the importance of everyday activity as a protective mechanism against cognitive decline, as well as the need to adopt a model of active aging

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Comparing Performance Across In-person and Videoconference-Based Administrations of Common Neuropsychological Measures in Community-Based Survivors of Stroke

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617720001174 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Jodie E. Chapman ◽

Betina Gardner ◽

Jennie Ponsford ◽

Dominique A. Cadilhac ◽

Renerus J. Stolwyk

Keyword(s):

Neuropsychological Assessment ◽

Language Impairment ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Service Access ◽

Community Based ◽

Neuropsychological Measures

Abstract Objective: Neuropsychological assessment via videoconference could assist in bridging service access gaps due to geographical, mobility, or infection control barriers. We aimed to compare performances on neuropsychological measures across in-person and videoconference-based administrations in community-based survivors of stroke. Method: Participants were recruited through a stroke-specific database and community advertising. Stroke survivors were eligible if they had no upcoming neuropsychological assessment, concurrent neurological and/or major psychiatric diagnoses, and/or sensory, motor, or language impairment that would preclude standardised assessment. Thirteen neuropsychological measures were administered in-person and via videoconference in a randomised crossover design (2-week interval). Videoconference calls were established between two laptop computers, facilitated by Zoom. Repeated-measures t tests, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and Bland–Altman plots were used to compare performance across conditions. Results: Forty-eight participants (26 men; M age = 64.6, SD = 10.1; M time since stroke = 5.2 years, SD = 4.0) completed both sessions on average 15.8 (SD = 9.7) days apart. For most measures, the participants did not perform systematically better in a particular condition, indicating agreement between administration methods. However, on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test – Revised, participants performed poorer in the videoconference condition (Total Recall Mdifference = −2.11). ICC estimates ranged from .40 to .96 across measures. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that in-person and videoconference assessment result in comparable scores for most neuropsychological tests evaluated in mildly impaired community-based survivors of stroke. This preliminary evidence supports teleneuropsychological assessment to address service gaps in stroke rehabilitation; however, further research is needed in more diverse stroke samples.

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Longitudinal changes in odor identification performance and neuropsychological measures in aging individuals.

Neuropsychology ◽

10.1037/neu0000212 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 87-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Eike I. Wehling ◽

Daniel Wollschlaeger ◽

Steven Nordin ◽

Astri J. Lundervold

Keyword(s):

Odor Identification ◽

Identification Performance ◽

Neuropsychological Measures ◽

Longitudinal Changes

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Workshop 1: Differential Diagnosis

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610297004742 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 9 (S1) ◽

pp. 85-86

Author(s):

Martin Rossor

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

The Other ◽

Neuropsychological Measures ◽

Clinical Criteria ◽

Dementia Syndrome ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Diagnostic Modalities ◽

Made In

We were asked to consider differential diagnosis. We decided that it really is different from the other diagnostic modalities and cannot be treated in the same way as, for example, global or neuropsychological measures. In the context of this meeting, we believed it would be appropriate to consider clinical criteria. Thus, clinical criteria for the dementia syndrome as well as for specific diseases were discussed. We recognized that in the future, an increasing number of patients will present with cognitive impairment who do not fulfill the clinical criteria for dementia. These patients may alternatively have an isolated memory impairment syndrome. Nevertheless, a diagnosis will still need to be made in these patients, at least in terms of the underlying molecular pathology, in order to implement potential treatments.

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Neuropsychological measures predict decline to Alzheimer's dementia from mild cognitive impairment.

Neuropsychology ◽

10.1037/a0028576 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 498-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Mathew J. Summers ◽

Nichole L. J. Saunders

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽

Alzheimer's Dementia ◽

Neuropsychological Measures

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Neuropsychological performance of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Diagnostic classification estimates for measures of frontal lobe/executive functioning

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617799533055 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 222-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

DAVID W. LOVEJOY ◽

J.D. BALL ◽

MATTHEW KEATS ◽

MICHAEL L. STUTTS ◽

EDWARD H. SPAIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Executive Functioning ◽

Frontal Lobe ◽

Classification Accuracy ◽

Predictive Power ◽

Diagnostic Classification ◽

Neuropsychological Measures ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Good Classification ◽

Summary Index ◽

Normal Controls

ADHD adults (N = 26) were compared to normal controls (N = 26) on 6 neuropsychological measures believed sensitive to frontal lobe–executive functioning. MANOVA analyses and subsequent univariate tests indicated that most of the neuropsychological measures discriminated between the two groups. To address clinical significance, diagnostic classification rates were also generated for each measure individually, and for the battery as a whole. Levels of positive predictive power (PPP) for each of the 6 measures (83–100%) indicated that abnormal scores on these tests were good predictors of ADHD. However, estimates of negative predictive power (NPP) suggested that normal scores poorly predicted the absence of ADHD. When classification rates were calculated for the overall battery classification accuracy improved substantially. Thus, neuropsychological tests can differentiate adults suffering from ADHD from adults without ADHD, while also providing good classification accuracy. Finally, the pattern of neurobehavioral impairments exemplified through the Summary Index scores was interpreted as consistent with conceptualizations of ADHD depicting mild neurologic dysfunction in networks associated with the frontal lobes. (JINS, 1999, 5, 222–233.)

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Neuropsychological Measures in the Diagnosis of ADHD in Preschool: Can Developmental Research Inform Diagnostic Practice?

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054716629741 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 1588-1604 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Julia Merkt ◽

Michael Siniatchkin ◽

Franz Petermann

Keyword(s):

Basic Research ◽

Behavioral Observation ◽

Developmental Research ◽

Delay Aversion ◽

Neuropsychological Measures ◽

Behavioral Ratings ◽

Individual Level ◽

Continuous Performance Tests ◽

Diagnostic Capacity ◽

The Individual

Objective: The diagnosis of ADHD in preschool is challenging. Behavioral ratings are less reliable, but the value of neuropsychological tests in the diagnosis of ADHD has been debated. Method: This article provides an overview of neuropsychological measures utilized in preschoolers with ADHD (3-5 years). In addition, the manuscript discusses the extent to which these measures have been tested for their diagnostic capacity. Results: The diagnostic utility of computerized continuous performance tests and working memory subtests from IQ-batteries has been demonstrated in a number of studies by assessing their psychometric properties, sensitivity, and specificity. However, findings from developmental and basic research attempting to describe risk factors that explain variance in ADHD show the most consistent associations of ADHD with measures of delay aversion. Conclusion: Results from developmental research could benefit studies that improve ADHD diagnosis at the individual level. It might be helpful to consider testing as a structured situation for behavioral observation by the clinician.

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