Birth cohort differences in fluid cognition in old age: Comparisons of trends in levels and change trajectories over 30 years in three population-based samples.

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Karlsson ◽  
Valgeir Thorvaldsson ◽  
Ingmar Skoog ◽  
Pia Gudmundsson ◽  
Boo Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Change Trajectories ◽  
Cohort Differences

Secular trends in the prevalence of dementia and depression in Swedish septuagenarians 1976–2006

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2627-2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wiberg ◽  
M. Waern ◽  
E. Billstedt ◽  
S. Östling ◽  
I. Skoog
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Minor Depression ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

BackgroundIt is not clear whether the prevalence of dementia and depression among the elderly has changed during the past 30 years.MethodPopulation-based samples from Gothenburg, Sweden were examined with identical psychiatric and neuropsychiatric examinations at age 70 years in 1976–1977 (n = 404, response rate 78.8%) and 2000–2001 (n = 579, response rate 66.4%), and at age 75 in 1976–1977 (n = 303, response rate 78%) and 2005–2006 (n = 753, response rate 63.4%). Depression was diagnosed according to DSM-IV and dementia according to Kay's criteria. General linear models (GLMs) were used to test for differences between groups.ResultsDementia was related to age but not to birth cohort or sex. Major depression was related to sex (higher in women) but not to birth cohort or age. Minor depression was related to birth cohort, sex (higher in women), age (higher at age 75) and the interaction effect of birth cohort × age; that is, the prevalence of minor depression increased with age in the 2000s but not in the 1970s. Thus, the prevalence of minor depression was higher in 2005–2006 than in 1976–1977 among 75-year-olds for both men (12.4% v. 3.7%) and women (19.1% v. 5.6%) whereas there were no birth cohort differences at age 70.ConclusionsSecular changes were observed only for minor depression, which is considered to be related more to psychosocial factors than major depression. The high prevalence of minor depression in later-born birth cohorts emphasizes the importance of detecting minor depression in the elderly.

scholarly journals Cohort Difference in Age-Related Trajectories in Network Size in Old Age: Are Networks Expanding?

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Suanet ◽  
Oliver Huxhold
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Change Score ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cohort Difference

Abstract Objectives Contemporary societal views on old age as well as a rise in retirement age raise the question whether patterns of stability and/or decline in network size as found in earlier studies similarly apply to later birth cohorts of older adults. Methods Change score models are estimated to determine cohort differences in age-related trajectories in network size. Two birth cohorts (1928–37 and 1938–47, 55–64 at baseline in 1992 and 2002) of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam are followed across 4 observations over a time span of 9 years. Results Age-related trajectories in network size differ between the early and late birth cohort. The late birth cohort makes large gains in network size around retirement age, but this increase does not hold over time. Increased educational level and larger diversity in social roles relate to the cohort difference. Nonetheless, cohort difference prevails even after adjusting for these factors. Discussion The peak level in the network size in the late birth cohort hints at stronger preference and more opportunities to gain and maintain social relationships around retirement age in the current societal structure and culture. The subsequent drop-off in network size suggests that these ties are mostly used to adapt to the retirement transition.

Early Detection of Bipolar Disorder Four Years Before Onset in a 22-Year Population-Based Birth Cohort Using Advanced Machine Learning Techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte ◽  
Jacson Gabriel Feiten ◽  
Benson Mwangi ◽  
Fernando C. Barros ◽  
Fernando C. Wehrmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Techniques

scholarly journals Historical Changes in Aging Trajectories of Two Aspects of Self-Perceptions of Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 602-602
Author(s):  
Oliver Huxhold ◽  
Svenja Spuling ◽  
Susanne Wurm
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sequential Data ◽  
Historical Changes ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Perceptions Of Aging

Abstract In recent years many studies have shown that adults with more positive self-perceptions of aging (SPA) increase their likelihood of aging healthily. Other studies have documented historical changes in individual resources and contextual conditions associated with aging. We explored how these historical changes are reflected in birth-cohort differences in aging trajectories of two aspects of SPA – viewing aging as ongoing development or as increasing physical losses. Using large-scale cohort-sequential data assessed across 21 years (N ≈ 19,000), the analyses modeled birth-cohort differences in aging trajectories of SPA from 40 to 85 years of age. The results illustrated differential birth-cohort differences: Later-born cohorts may experience more potential for ongoing development with advancing age than earlier-born cohorts. However, later-born cohorts seem to view their own aging as more negative than earlier-born cohorts during their early forties but may associate their aging less with physical losses after the age of fifty.

scholarly journals Combined effects of weight change trajectories and eating behaviors on childhood adiposity status: A birth cohort study

Appetite ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 105174
Author(s):  
Qingmin Lin ◽  
Yanrui Jiang ◽  
Guanghai Wang ◽  
Wanqi Sun ◽  
Shumei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Change Trajectories ◽  
Childhood Adiposity

scholarly journals Cognitive Performance and Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease: Results from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-235
Author(s):  
Maya Arvidsson Rådestig ◽  
Johan Skoog ◽  
Henrik Zetterberg ◽  
Jürgen Kern ◽  
Anna Zettergren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Tau Pathology ◽  
Preclinical Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Preclinical Ad

Background: We have previously shown that older adults with preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) had slightly worse performance in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) than participants without preclinical AD pathology. Objective: We therefore aimed to compare performance on neurocognitive tests in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds with and without CSF AD pathology. Methods: The sample was derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Sweden. Participants (n = 316, 70 years old) underwent comprehensive cognitive examinations, and CSF Aβ-42, Aβ-40, T-tau, and P-tau concentrations were measured. Participants were classified according to the ATN system, and according to their Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score. Cognitive performance was examined in the CSF amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration (ATN) categories. Results: Among participants with CDR 0 (n = 259), those with amyloid (A+) and/or tau pathology (T+, N+) showed similar performance on most cognitive tests compared to participants with A-T-N-. Participants with A-T-N+ performed worse in memory (Supra span (p = 0.003), object Delayed (p = 0.042) and Immediate recall (p = 0.033)). Among participants with CDR 0.5 (n = 57), those with amyloid pathology (A+) scored worse in category fluency (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Cognitively normal participants with amyloid and/or tau pathology performed similarly to those without any biomarker evidence of preclinical AD in most cognitive domains, with the exception of slightly poorer memory performance in A-T-N+. Our study suggests that preclinical AD biomarkers are altered before cognitive decline.

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