The Social Influences Approach to Smoking Prevention and Progress Toward an Integrated Smoking Elimination Strategy: A Critical Commentary

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Lando ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Robert McSweeney Purser ◽  
Craig A. Harper

A recent study by Baltiansky, Craig, & Jost (2020) tested two hypotheses related to system justification and the perception of stereotypical humor. They reported to have found evidence for a cross-over interaction, with judgments of jokes being contingent on a combination of the social status of the targets of jokes and raters’ system justification motivations. Here, we discuss the original analysis, presentation, and interpretation of the data in Baltiansky et al. (2020), before presenting a re-analysis of the authors’ shared data file. We show that the framing of claims such as “high system-justifiers found jokes targeting low-status groups (e.g., women, poor people, racial/ethnic minorities) to be funnier than low system-justifiers did” (p. 1) are misleading in their framing. Instead, our re-analyses suggest that ideological differences in joke perception are driven primarily by those scoring low on the system justification motivation rating jokes about ostensibly low-status groups as less funny than jokes about other social groups.


Author(s):  
Susan Flynn

Despite the traditional social justice mandate of social work, and critical and radical theoretical traditions that pursue egalitarian and just societies, the engagement of the social work academy with Irish politics has been underwhelming at best. While there are abstract analyses that address sociopolitical theory and ideological wrongdoings related to neoliberalist rationality, attention in social work academia to the nuts and bolts of everyday political life in Ireland, such as democratic party politics and electoral representation, leaves much to the imagination. This article therefore pursues a more grounded reading of social justice in Irish politics for social workers. The supporting proposition is that to effectively interject in political misrecognition and marginalisation, social workers must understand the present political state of play. Towards achieving this, Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition aids thematic critical commentary on the literature.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (06) ◽  
pp. 4495-4500
Author(s):  
Ismail . ◽  
Teuku Tahlil ◽  
Nurussalam . ◽  
Dan Zurnila Marli Kesuma

Smoking is a serious issue causing a variety of adverse health effects. However, pesantrens (Islamic boarding schools) do not prohibit smoking, their leaders and teachers also smoke, and cigarettes are sold freely outside. The students have further admitted that anyone may smoke any where and that no socialization on smoking has ever been conducted in pesantrens.The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between the student smoking behavior, knowledge, and attitudes towards the social marketing mix in traditional pesantrens.This study employed a descriptive analytics with the cross sectional study design.The total sample was 162 students from a pesantren in Aceh Besar, Indonesia.The results showed that there were significant relationships between student smoking behavior and age (p-value = 0.031), and parents’ smoking behavior (p-value= 0.003), and peersmoking behavior (p-value =0.000), and knowledge of the social marketing mix (p-value= 0.010), and attitudes (p-value = 0.000) towards the social marketing mix. It is thus recommended tha tall parties develop a pesantren as one of the focus areas of smoking prevention activities


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-92
Author(s):  
Timothy Laurie ◽  
Catherine Driscoll ◽  
Liam Grealy ◽  
Shawna Tang ◽  
Grace Sharkey

This critical commentary considers the significance of Connell’s The Men and the Boys in the development of an affirmative feminist boys studies. In particular, the article asks: How can research on boys contribute to feminist research on childhood and youth, without either establishing a false equivalency with girls studies, or overstating the singularity of “the boy” across diverse cultural and historical contexts? Connell’s four-tiered account of social relations—political, economic, emotional, and symbolic—provides an important corrective to reductionist approaches to both feminism and boyhood, and this article draws on The Men and the Boys to think through contrasting sites of identity formation around boys: online cultures of “incels” (involuntary celibates); transmasculinities and the biological diversity of the category “man”; and the social power excercised within an elite Australian boys school. The article concludes by identifying contemporary challenges emerging from the heuristic model offered in The Men and the Boys.


Sexualities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1285-1298
Author(s):  
Mark McCormack

The social trend of decreasing homophobia and liberalizing attitudes toward homosexuality is a contentious sociological issue. In a recent article in this journal, Diefendorf and Bridges contend that differences in findings of quantitative and qualitative research related to masculinities and homophobia demand new theories and methods to chart the enduring relationship between homophobia and masculinity. In this critical commentary, I demonstrate the flaws of the methodological framing and refute the characterization of qualitative literature provided. I argue that the theoretical errors in the original article are a result of inattention to social and historical context. Drawing attention to problematic citation practices, I call for critical approaches that recognize both positive social change and contexts where problematic dynamics persist.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1101-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Fixsen ◽  
Anna Cheshire ◽  
Michelle Berry

Our article explores orthorexia nervosa (ON)—an extreme fixation with healthy eating—from a social construction perspective. Interviews with people self-identified as “obsessed” with healthy eating or having ON (“Identifiers”) and nonmedical professionals working with ON (“Professionals”) were comparatively analyzed, along with orthorexia threads from an eating disorder website (“Posters”). Participants made sense of and rationalized their attitudes and feelings concerning healthy eating and aligned themselves according to their interests. Identifiers and Posters applauded “healthy eating” and regarded consumption of “impure” foods as leading to ill-health. Some framed their dietary discipline within an ethically motivated lifestyle, while others were preoccupied with appearance or weight management. Professionals expressed concern for, and disapproval of, extreme views and behaviors in clients and parental and social influences supporting them. Debates surrounding orthorexic practices are tangled; some individuals need help, yet dangers lie in over medicalizing or “troubling” what may be a preferred lifestyle.


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