Stare i nowe polskie piosenki i pieśni patriotyczne

The article is devoted to old and new Polish patriotic songs. It contains an analysis of the content of the collected works. The old songs were uplifting in nature and were very important for national culture. They were used to shape identity and build community, and at the same time to communicate important events. They express love for the homeland, proclaim its beauty and the need to fight for the maintenance or recovery of freedom. The new songs were created after 1983 and are already part of popular culture. They are highly individualized and express the emotional personal commitment of the creator. In addition, they move away from religious themes. Modern patriotic songs consist of four currents: traditional, new attitudes, social and historical. Traditional and historical currents are the closest in value to old patriotic songs. The current of new attitudes becomes a place of searching for an individual reference to patriotism. The social trend registers reality and is sometimes used to take a critical look at what is currently happening in Poland.

"Nourishing ourselves and helping the planet": WWOOF, Environmentalism and Ecotopia: Alternative Social Practices between Ideal and Reality

<p>A growing number of people around the world are becoming familiar with the phenomenon of ‘World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms’ (WWOOF). This movement originated forty years ago in England, but has since spread around the world. Estimations suggest that WWOOF currently has more than 90,000 signed-up members internationally. Over the last four decades WWOOF has developed as part of an environmentalist social trend in contemporary, although predominantly Western, societies. The members of WWOOF largely share a green, “ecotopian” attitude towards nature, living in the country, and the sustainable use of resources, health and nutrition, anti-consumerism and anti-capitalist ideals. This thesis is the first comprehensive ethnographic study of this international phenomenon. In it I provide an analysis of the complexities of this environmentalist social trend, and the interconnections between environmental, socio-economic, and political processes within WWOOF. By applying a combination of methods, including participant observation as a WWOOFer in Austria and New Zealand, interviews and informal conversations with WWOOFers, hosts, directors, and voluntary organisers, as well as the founder of WWOOF herself, and the analysis of documents produced by WWOOF groups, and e-mail interviews with a number of WWOOF directors, I was able to gain a multi-sited and multi-layered perspective of the international WWOOF movement. In this analysis I ask where the ideals of WWOOF originated and how the morality of “ecotopian” thinking informs the lifeworlds of the participants. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the international WWOOF movement as it is experienced, narrated, and negotiated by its members. It demonstrates the tensions between ideals and lived reality, the contradictions and compromises, and the vast range of interpretations of their ideals that lead to internal conflict. In trying to overcome these tensions, social practices emerge that blur the boundaries between “ecotopian” green values and mainstream attitudes. I argue that by engaging in a range of alternative environmental, social, political, and economic practices the members of the WWOOF movement feel that, despite some contradictions and necessary compromises, they at least partially succeed in achieving the aims and ideals of WWOOF and their visions for a greener lifestyle and ecological society.</p>

"Nourishing ourselves and helping the planet": WWOOF, Environmentalism and Ecotopia: Alternative Social Practices between Ideal and Reality

<p>A growing number of people around the world are becoming familiar with the phenomenon of ‘World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms’ (WWOOF). This movement originated forty years ago in England, but has since spread around the world. Estimations suggest that WWOOF currently has more than 90,000 signed-up members internationally. Over the last four decades WWOOF has developed as part of an environmentalist social trend in contemporary, although predominantly Western, societies. The members of WWOOF largely share a green, “ecotopian” attitude towards nature, living in the country, and the sustainable use of resources, health and nutrition, anti-consumerism and anti-capitalist ideals. This thesis is the first comprehensive ethnographic study of this international phenomenon. In it I provide an analysis of the complexities of this environmentalist social trend, and the interconnections between environmental, socio-economic, and political processes within WWOOF. By applying a combination of methods, including participant observation as a WWOOFer in Austria and New Zealand, interviews and informal conversations with WWOOFers, hosts, directors, and voluntary organisers, as well as the founder of WWOOF herself, and the analysis of documents produced by WWOOF groups, and e-mail interviews with a number of WWOOF directors, I was able to gain a multi-sited and multi-layered perspective of the international WWOOF movement. In this analysis I ask where the ideals of WWOOF originated and how the morality of “ecotopian” thinking informs the lifeworlds of the participants. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the international WWOOF movement as it is experienced, narrated, and negotiated by its members. It demonstrates the tensions between ideals and lived reality, the contradictions and compromises, and the vast range of interpretations of their ideals that lead to internal conflict. In trying to overcome these tensions, social practices emerge that blur the boundaries between “ecotopian” green values and mainstream attitudes. I argue that by engaging in a range of alternative environmental, social, political, and economic practices the members of the WWOOF movement feel that, despite some contradictions and necessary compromises, they at least partially succeed in achieving the aims and ideals of WWOOF and their visions for a greener lifestyle and ecological society.</p>

Hospitality Virtue Taught by Saththanar: Study Based on The Manimekalai

Manimekalai is an epic created by Satan in order to uplift the degenerate social trend. In this he has also emphasized Buddhist thought by emphasizing hospitality as a high virtue. Hunger is natural for living things, especially monitors. That needs to be addressed. He points out that the hungry need hospitality. Satan claims that medicine is food for the hungry and that disease must be avoided. The high opinion is that all people, irrespective of country, language or ethnicity, should be protected from the scourge of famine. The survey was conducted with the aim of building a famine-free society with the lofty goal of eradicating the deadly disease of hunger that plagued human society. Satan's Manimekalai has been used primarily for this study, and related essays, journals, and electronic commentaries have also been used as research data. The study also suggests that more such studies should be conducted by researchers in view of famine-free social formation.

CROSS-CULTURAL STORYTELLING APPROACHES IN TIKTOK'S MUSIC CHALLENGES

TikTok has created new strategies that has impacted the music industry through visual effects, stickers, filters, augmented reality, split screens, and transitions in videos no longer than 60 seconds. TikTok posts presents a mode of interdependence where users demonstrate the cultural value of music through challenge and audio memes. This study focuses on a popular social trend on TikTok known as ‘music challenges’. We focused on the significance and cultural meaning of music challenge memes through five key elements – image, audio, text, story, culture – to understand what comprises a ‘challenge’ on TikTok, how storytelling constitutes music challenges, and what cross-cultural in-group affiliations are identified in this trend. For this purpose, we developed a ‘TikTok music storytelling codebook’ informed by grounded theory, and selected 150 music challenge meme posts via manual scraping the ‘#MusicChallenge’ hashtag on TikTok 1–3 April 2021. Through a pilot analysis, we identified new modes of storytelling through audio memes related to nostalgia, fandom and humour. Beyond “put a finger down” challenges and “I know the song/I don’t know the song” lists, we found a broader significance in telling stories grounded across cultures: sharing a childhood memory, relating to a lifestyle type, and fanning after a musical genre. We noted a musical-peer group belonging trend that brings out a mixture of urban tribes and experiences via creative song-mixing that lasts seconds. To sum up, we understand that TikTok music challenges emerge as a vehicle for interdependent groups to showcase their in-group identities through playful audio-visual creations.

Understanding the Adoption and Public Intention to Buy Electric Vehicles in India Using UTAUT

In this research an opinion of the citizens from India is carried out to get to know what do they really think of an electric vehicle over a conventional I.C. engine vehicle. To get an answer for that a survey questions is generated considering various parameters like maintenance, overall driving cost (fuel/charging), convenience to drive, pollution (noise/air), social trend, purchase intention, safety to the driver and passenger, boot carrying capacity, weight comparison, performance and mileage/range of the vehicle. The following mention parameters is converted into questions in a Google form to with 5 options from 1-5 in which 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree for the asked questions. About 100 responses is considered for this survey from the people of various age, gender and location. In this study opinions of the people were collected to get a clear view of an electric vehicle as it is a new technology in automotive sector and what’s their mentality when it comes to comparison of electric vehicles to a conventional I.C. engine as I.C. engine has been driven since so long and people have adapted to them and what do they really think of an electric vehicles.

Approaches in Chinese Interpretation of the Noble Quran

This research aims to illustrate the trends of interpretation in the Chinese language by explaining the factors that gave rise to them and explain the basis for its approach, the issues of concern or the issues from which their own position was taken. The research found that the social trend, mental orientation and the deviant trend, influenced by external and internal factors, was reflected in the interpretation in Chinese language In China, with the influence of the world's mental currents, his mind ruled in the Ghebis and reduced the position of the age in interpretation and diminished the value of the old interpreters in interpretation and others. The deviant trend was manifested by the influence of the Qadian kins, an intrusion into Chinese-language interpretation.The deviant trend was manifested by the influence of the Kadian artefacts, an intrudent on Chinese interpretations. The trend was followed by this trend on the basis of her beliefs in the Khatamiyat al-Nabah, Al-Jinnah, Nar, Al-Wah and other issues, so that the impact of It is an intruder to the Chinese interpretation, and the author of this trend, based on her beliefs, was reflected in the Khatamiya al-Nabah, Al-Jinna, Al-Nar, Al-Awah and other issues,the impact of the deviation is clearly demonstrated.

Historical Retrospective of the Phenomenon of Populism and Political Demagogy

The article gives a general description of the phenomenon of populism and political demagoguery through the prism of their historical development. The author pays special attention to the disclosure of the essence of the concepts of “populism” and “political demagoguery”, while defining their common features and differences. In particular, it is noted that despite their outward resemblance, populism and demagoguery are not identical. Thus, populism provides a much less negative way of gaining popularity among the masses than demagoguery, because demagogues speculate on the real problems of their audience, present events, views of the opponent in a false light, resort to falsification of facts. In modern political practice, populism is a much more complex and ambiguous phenomenon, and demagoguery is only one of its many tools and strategies. In this aspect, the concept of “politicking” is close in meaning, which, along with demagoguery, is one of the negative manifestations of populism. The article also makes one of the first attempts to identify the main periods of historical development of populism and political demagoguery, while determining the main directions of their evolution. At the same time, examining populism and political demagoguery in historical retrospect, we can also conclude that the objective conditions for the emergence of these socio-political phenomena were related to the social trend, according to which the masses are only the object of politics. Subjective preconditions for the emergence and spread of populism are caused by the imperfection of the relationship “domination – subordination”, the dominance of mass society. In general, the study concludes that the functioning and prevalence of populism and political demagoguery in modern political systems is characterized by its determinism of cultural, historical, political characteristics of countries.

SCHOOL EDUCATION AS FACTOR OF THE AMERICAN SOCIAL TREND OF PARTICIPATION IN PROTEST AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES

Based on the reality of protests in America in 2020, the author asks about the reasons for the high social activity of modern American citizens. The article examines the impact on this phenomenon of school education in the United States with its methods, techniques and means specific to the formation of a civilly active personality. Taking as a basis such criteria as critical thinking, active citizenship and experience of participation in public life, the author identifies and analyses a number of teaching methods and techniques in US schools that are most conducive to the implementation of these criteria.