Low Control And High Demands At Work And Suicide: An Australian National Population-level Case-control Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. LaMontagne
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
National Population ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals NSAID consumption and risk of acute myeloid leukemia: a national population-based case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 5043-5051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Østgård ◽  
Mette Nørgaard ◽  
Lars Pedersen ◽  
René Østgård ◽  
Lone Friis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
National Population ◽  
Nsaid Consumption ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Association Between Drug Exposure and Occurrence of Parkinsonism in Korea: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1102-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siin Kim ◽  
Sang-Myung Cheon ◽  
Hae Sun Suh
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Dose ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Background: Although drug-induced parkinsonism is reversible in most cases, some patients can suffer from persistent/recurrent symptoms. Therefore, prevention is the most efficient way to manage drug-induced parkinsonism. However, there is a paucity of studies exploring the relationship between parkinsonism and drug exposure. Objective: To examine the association between drug exposure and the risk of parkinsonism using Korean population-based data. Methods: We conducted a matched case-control study using the National Health Insurance Service—National Sample Cohort database. Cases and controls were defined as individuals with and without parkinsonism, respectively, between 2007 and 2013. Cases and controls were matched for sex, age group, income, type of insurance, and Charlson comorbidity index. Drug exposures, including propulsives, antipsychotics, and flunarizine, were identified at 1 year before the first date of parkinsonism and stratified by recency and cumulative dose. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Results: We identified 5496 cases and 5496 controls. ORs for current use group of propulsives, antipsychotics, and flunarizine compared with those of the never use group were 2.812 (95% CI = 2.466-3.206), 3.009 (95% CI = 1.667-5.431), and 4.950 (95% CI = 2.711-9.037), respectively. ORs were greater in those more recently exposed and those exposed to higher cumulative doses. Conclusion and Relevance: At the population level, use of propulsives, antipsychotics, and flunarizine had a significant association with the increased risk of parkinsonism, depending on recency and cumulative dose. Drugs associated with parkinsonism should be used with careful monitoring to prevent drug-induced parkinsonism.

scholarly journals Assessing different measures of population-level vaccine protection using a case–control study

Vaccine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (48) ◽  
pp. 6878-6883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Young Ae You ◽  
Suman Kanungo ◽  
Byomkesh Manna ◽  
Jacqueline L. Deen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Effect of childhood rotavirus vaccination on community rotavirus prevalence in rural Ecuador, 2008-13

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1691-1701
Author(s):  
Alicia N M Kraay ◽  
Edward L Ionides ◽  
Gwenyth O Lee ◽  
William F Cevallos Trujillo ◽  
Joseph N S Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Although live attenuated monovalent human rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix) efficacy has been characterized through randomized studies, its effectiveness, especially in non-clinical settings, is less clear. In this study, we estimate the impact of childhood Rotarix® vaccination on community rotavirus prevalence. Methods We analyse 10 years of serial population-based diarrhoea case-control study, which also included testing for rotavirus infection (n = 3430), and 29 months of all-cause diarrhoea active surveillance from a child cohort (n = 376) from rural Ecuador during a period in which Rotarix vaccination was introduced. We use weighted logistic regression from the case-control data to assess changes in community rotavirus prevalence (both symptomatic and asymptomatic) and all-cause diarrhoea after the vaccine was introduced. We also assess changes in all-cause diarrhoea rates in the child cohort (born 2008–13) using Cox regression, comparing time to first all-cause diarrhoea case by vaccine status. Results Overall, vaccine introduction among age-eligible children was associated with a 82.9% reduction [95% confidence interval (CI): 49.4%, 94.2%] in prevalence of rotavirus in participants without diarrhoea symptoms and a 46.0% reduction (95% CI: 6.2%, 68.9%) in prevalence of rotavirus infection among participants experiencing diarrhoea. Whereas all age groups benefited, this reduction was strongest among the youngest age groups. For young children, prevalence of symptomatic diarrhoea also decreased in the post-vaccine period in both the case-control study (reduction in prevalence for children <1 year of age = 69.3%, 95% CI: 8.7%, 89.7%) and the cohort study (reduction in hazard for receipt of two Rotarix doses among children aged 0.5-2 years = 57.1%, 95% CI: 16.6, 77.9%). Conclusions Rotarix vaccination may suppress transmission, including asymptomatic transmission, in low- and middle-income settings. It was highly effective among children in a rural community setting and provides population-level benefits through indirect protection among adults.

scholarly journals Autoimmune diseases, infections, use of antibiotics and the risk of acute myeloid leukaemia: a national population-based case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene S. G. Østgård ◽  
Mette Nørgaard ◽  
Lars Pedersen ◽  
René D. Østgård ◽  
Bruno C. Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
National Population ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Passive smoking and stroke in men and women: a national population-based case-control study in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Hou ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Jingmei Jiang ◽  
Boqi Liu ◽  
Yanping Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
National Population ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Direct, indirect and total effects of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease in children in Navarra, Spain, 2001 to 2014: cohort and case–control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Guevara ◽  
Aurelio Barricarte ◽  
Luis Torroba ◽  
Mercedes Herranz ◽  
Alberto Gil-Setas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Conjugate Vaccination ◽  
Control Study

We estimated the direct, indirect and total effects of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children. A population-based cohort study followed children aged between 2.5 and 59 months between 2001 and 2014 in Navarra, Spain. IPD incidence was compared by PCV status and period. All cases diagnosed from July 2010 to December 2014 and eight matched controls per case were analysed to estimate the adjusted direct effect of PCV13. A total of 120,980 children were followed and 206 IPD cases were detected. Compared with unvaccinated children in the baseline period (2001–2004), overall IPD incidence in 2011–2014 (76% average PCV coverage) declined equally in vaccinated (total effect: 76%; hazard ratio (HR): 0.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14–0.40) and unvaccinated children (indirect effect: 78%; HR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.09–0.55). IPD incidence from non-PCV13 serotypes increased among vaccinated children (HR: 2.84; 95% CI: 1.02–7.88). The direct effect of one or more doses of PCV13 against vaccine serotypes was 95% (odds ratio: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.01–0.55). PCV13 was highly effective in preventing vaccine-serotype IPD. The results suggest substantial and similar population-level vaccine benefits in vaccinated and unvaccinated children through strong total and indirect effects.

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