Treatment Dose, Timing, and Duration as Described in Reviewed Studies

Abstract Background: Vasovagal syncope is the most common cause of syncope in childhood and its treatment is not at a satisfactory level yet. We aimed to investigate patients who were diagnosed with vasovagal syncope, did not benefit from conventional treatment, received midodrine treatment, and to evaluate their response to midodrine treatment. Methods: Files of 24 patients who were diagnosed with recurrent vasovagal syncope, did not benefit from non-pharmacological treatments, and received midodrine treatment during June 2017–October 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Results: In total, 24 patients received a treatment dose of midodrine at 5 mg/day (2.5 mg BID) included in the study. The mean number of syncope was 5.75 ± 2.67 prior to treatment. Following treatment, the mean number of syncope was 0.42 ± 0.89. It was observed that syncope episodes did not recur in 17 patients, but it recurred in 4 out of 7 patients in the first 3 months of the treatment and did not recur in the following months. The episodes improved in two patients with an increase in the treatment dose, but the syncope episodes continued in only one patient. Conclusion: It was concluded that midodrine treatment was effective and safe in adolescents with recurrent vasovagal syncope.

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PSIX-35 Quebracho Tannin Influences Lipolytic Activity in Mature Porcine Adipocytes

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.553 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 310-311

Author(s):

Makenzie T Lowke ◽

Richard F Kaiser ◽

Natasha L Bell ◽

Michelle Garcia

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Incubation Time ◽

Colorimetric Assay ◽

Lipolytic Activity ◽

Glycerol Content ◽

Treatment Dose ◽

Quebracho Tannin ◽

Porcine Adipocytes ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose ◽

Treatment Design

Abstract Fat deposition in pork enhances flavor of meat; however, too much fat is an undesirable commodity in a health-conscious society. Therefore, manipulating the nutritional components of a swine diet to aid in the deliberate deposition of fat for the purpose of flavor while avoiding overconditioning is an aim in production. Nutrient additives, such as condensed polyphenolic tannins, inhibit pre-adipocyte maturation, but the role on lipid metabolism in mature adipocytes (MA) remains unclear. Therefore, it is hypothesized that quebracho tannin will alter lipid metabolism in porcine MA. Subcutaneous adipose tissue was collected from 5 ± 0 month old (n = 3) barrows weighing 37.7 ± 1.84kg. Tissue was enzymatically dispersed (collagenase type II) to isolate lipid filled adipocytes. After enzymatic separation the cells were rinsed and divided into 2 groups for separate incubation periods plus tannin treatment: 1) 2 hr incubation time with/without tannin (Quebracho Schinopsis lorentzii; 0M, 0.1mg, 0.5mg, and 1mg) or 2) 24 hr incubation time with/without tannin (0M, 0.1mg, 0.5mg, and 1mg). Approximately 4x105 cells/well were cultured in triplicate/treatment dose at 37 °C with 5% CO2 in atmosphere. Upon termination of the culture period, media was processed for analysis of glycerol content to determine lipolytic activity using an enzymatic colorimetric assay. The MIXED procedure of SAS for factorial treatment design was utilized to determine the effect of time and tannin treatment on lipolytic activity in cultured MA. Glycerol content was significantly higher (P£0.001) in tannin treated cultures. Time tended (P = 0.1) to influence the magnitude of lipolytic activity. Hence, quebracho tannin appears to augment lipolytic activity in cultured porcine MA. Determining the effect of tannin on lipolytic regulators will support the supposition that tannins influence MA lipid metabolism.

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Dampak Dosis Kompos Kotoran Sapi Terhadap Profil Suhu Tanah di Zona Perakaran dan Produktivitas Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rafa L)

Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) ◽

10.24843/jbeta.2019.v07.i02.p05 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 253

Author(s):

I Made Andi Purnama Wijaya ◽

Yohanes Setiyo ◽

I Wayan Tika

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Root Zone ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Water Levels ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Root Zone Temperature ◽

Rooting Zone ◽

Treatment Dose

Suhu tanah adalah salah satu sifat fisik tanah yang secara langsung mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk menganalisis suhu di zona perakaran, (2) menganalisis hubungan antara dosis pemupukan mempergunakan kompos dengan suhu di zona perakaran dan (3) untuk menganalis suhu yang optimum untuk produktivitas dan kualitas pakcoy yang dihasilkan saat panen. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan rancangan acak lengkap, dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah P0 : dosis kompos 0 kg/m2, P1 : dosis kompos 1 kg/m2, P2 : dosis kompos 2 kg/m2, P3 : dosis kompos 3 kg/m2, dan P4 : dosis kompos 4 kg/m2. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini adalah suhu udara, suhulingkungan, kadar air tanah dan produktivitas. Padamalam hari suhu tanah di zona perakaran lebih tinggi 0,59 oC dari pada suhu lingkungan. Suhu tanah di zona perakaran terendah dan tertinggi adalah 18,02 oC dan 21,94 oC. Suhu tanah malam hari dan siang hari untuk dosis 0-5kg/m2 masih toleran pada tanaman pacoy. Berat kering tanaman pakcoy tertinggi pada perlakuan dosis kompos 4kg/m2 denganberat 92,21 gram/tanaman dan terendah pada perlakuan kontrol dengan berat 71,82 gram/tanaman. The temperature of the soil is one of the physical properties of the soil, this soil physical properties direc2tly affect plant growth pakcoy. The purpose of this research are (1) to analyze the temperature at root zone, temperature inside and out of the mini greenhouse, (2) analyze the relationship between temperature at root zone with doses of compost fertilizer application and 3) to analyze the optimum dose of compost based on productivity and quality of the pakcoy is generated when the harvest. The design of the research used randomized complete design, with five treatments and three replicates. The treatment is P0: a dose of compost 0 kg/m, P1: a dose of compost 1 kg/m2, P2: a dose of compost 2 kg/m2, P3: the dose of compost 3 kg/m2, and P4: a dose of compost 4 kg/m2. The parameters observed in this research is the air temperature, the temperature of the environment, ground water levels and productivity. At night the temperature of the soil rooting zone higher at 0.59 ºC than at the temperature of the environment. Soil temperature at root zone the lowest and the highest are 18.02 oC and 21.94 oC. The temperature of the soil the night and during the day for dose 0-5 kg/m2 was still tolerant plants pakcoy. Dry weight of the plant the highest pakcoy on the treatment dose of compost 4 kg/m2 with a weight of 92.21 grams/lowest at the treatment plant and the control by the weight of 71.82 grams/plant.

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The Effect of Yacon Leaf Powder (Smallanthus Sonchifolius) on White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Blood Glucose Levels with High Sugar Diet

Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) ◽

10.26699/jnk.v8i2.art.p217-220 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 217-220

Author(s):

Thatit Nurmawati ◽

Sandi Alfa Wiga Arsa ◽

Nawang Wulandari ◽

Agus Saparudin

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

White Rats ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Treatment Dose ◽

Significant Difference

Maintaining a lifestyle can reduce the incidence of DM (diabetes mellitus). DM occurs due to insulin disorders so that blood glucose levels increase, which can lead to various complications. The management of blood glucose levels by activating the insulin function can be done by using natural ingredients such as the Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) plant. Yakon leaves contain phenol which can reduce blood glucose. The design of this study was experimental with a pre-posttest approach with control-group design, using male and healthy white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rats were divided into 3 groups, treatment dose 1, treatment dose 2 and control. The rats were given a high carbohydrate diet during 9 weeks to make the rats hyperglycemic. In the treatment group, dose 1 was 150 mg/kg BW, dose 2 was 300 mg kg BW, and was given for 3 days. The results showed that the rats in the treatment group dose 1 had decreased in the average blood sugar level of 114.10 mg / dl (p 0.002) and dose 2 was 105.27 mg / dl (p 0.005). This showed that there was an effect of treatments on blood sugar levels. The comparison results showed that there was a significant difference between the dose 1, the dose 2 group and the control (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001 (α) = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the treatment group dose 1 and treatment dose 2 (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.693, (α) = 0.05). Yakon leaves can be used alternative to lower to control blood glucose levels in rats receiving a high-carbohydrate diet

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Post Treatment Dose Distribution Evaluation for a Recent NCT Patient

Advances in Neutron Capture Therapy ◽

10.1007/978-1-4615-2978-1_31 ◽

1993 ◽

pp. 153-157

Author(s):

Gregory J. Storr ◽

Floyd J. Wheeler

Keyword(s):

Dose Distribution ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Treatment Dose

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A comparison of stimulus dosing methods for electroconvulsive therapy

Psychiatric Bulletin ◽

10.1192/pb.24.5.184 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 184-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. Laidlaw ◽

P. Bentham ◽

G. Khan ◽

V. Staples ◽

A. Dhariwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽

Initial Treatment ◽

Fixed Dose ◽

Dose Titration ◽

Titration Method ◽

Dose Prediction ◽

Dose Method ◽

Treatment Dose ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Therapy Treatment

Aims and MethodsA prospective study comparing initial electroconvulsive therapy treatment doses determined by empirical dose titration with estimates derived from two simple dose prediction methods and a fixed-dose regimen (275 mC).ResultsThirty-three patients had seizure thresholds between 25 mC and 403 mC. The dose titration method led to a mean initial treatment dose of 195 mC that was intermediate between those predicted by the age method (275 mC) and the half-age method (137 mC). Estimates were within acceptable limits in 33% of cases for the age method, 64% for the half-age method and 40% for the fixed-dose method.Clinical ImplicationsEither dose prediction or dose titration methods may be more appropriate in different clinical situations. The half-age method appears to be a more accurate predictor of optimum initial treatment dose.

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The Downside of Radiosurgery, Possible Complications

JBNC - JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE NEUROCIRURGIA ◽

10.22290/jbnc.v25i3.1141 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 286-299

Author(s):

Luiz Claudio Modesto Pereira ◽

Valeria Patricia De Araujo ◽

Thiago Henrique de Moraes Modesto

Keyword(s):

Tumor Imaging ◽

Neurological Complications ◽

Normal Brain ◽

Radiation Delivery ◽

Cranial Nerve Dysfunction ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Treatment Dose ◽

Barrier Breakdown ◽

Nerve Dysfunction ◽

Blood Brain Barrier Breakdown

As a consequence of various last century scientific and technological advances radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) have emerged as safe and efficacious techniques for the treatment of various intracranial pathologies. Recent improvements such as in brain and tumor imaging, patient immobilization, 3D planning and radiation delivery allow it to target lesions more accurately and minimize radiation delivered to normal brain, leading to drastic improvements in terms of safety and post-therapy complication. Despite that SRS still implies in moderate to severe side effects in one fifth to one fourth of patients. Fortunately the most common SRS complications, such as edema, blood brain barrier breakdown and MRI abnormalities are self-limited and amenable to treatment. The precise pathophysiological processes of SRS complications are still under research, however multiple factors including treatment dose, modality and planning complexity, target size, shape and location are known to affect treatment results. The most reported potential SRS complications are ischemic stroke, brain or lesion hemorrhage, radiosurgeryinduced neoplasm, radiation necrosis, white matter changes, cranial nerve dysfunction and cognition problems. SRS induced neurological complications may persist only in as much as 5% of patients.

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Administration of simvastatin halts progression of cirrhosis via up-regulating expression of miR-34a and interleukin-10 in rats

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms/131790 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hui Yang ◽

Xiaorong Zhou ◽

Yonghua Wang ◽

Yan Cheng ◽

Zhao [email protected] ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Strategy ◽

Computational Analysis ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Luciferase Assay ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Treatment Dose ◽

Active Caspase ◽

Complementary Binding

IntroductionSimvastatin (SIM) treatment has been found to be able to reduce the expression of miR-34a, and we found that interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a potential target gene of miR-34a by searching the online microRNA (miRNA) database. Furthermore, it has been shown that IL10 up-regulation could halt the progression of cirrhosis. The objective of this study was to explore the underlying mechanism of Simvastatin/miR-34a/IL-10 involved in HBV associated cirrhosis.Material and methodsReal-time PCR, western-blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, computational analysis, luciferase assay was carried out to explore the underlying mechanism of miR-34a involved in HBV associated cirrhosis.ResultsSIM treatment dose-dependently decreased the levels of miR-34a while increasing the levels of IL-10 mRNA and protein. Levels of IL-10 mRNA and protein were remarkably decreased, while miR-34a mRNA level and active caspase-3 protein level was apparently increased in Cirrhosis group compared with sham group. Accordingly, SIM treatment obstructed the dysregulated miR-34a expression and IL-10 expression in cirrhosis animals. By performing computational analysis, we identified that a complementary binding site of miR-34a was located in IL-10 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR), and miR-34a reduced luciferase activity of wild-type IL-10 3’UTR.ConclusionsOur data also suggested that SIM may become a new therapeutic strategy for HBV-associated cirrhosis via targeting the miR-34a/IL-10 axis.

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