Self-enhancing effects of exposure to male and female bodies in ethnically diverse men: A fantasy-effect?

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Skorek ◽  
Yarrow Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Bodies

scholarly journals Muscle And Fat Aftereffects And The Role Of Gender: Implications For Body Image Disturbance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Brooks ◽  
Edwina Keen ◽  
Daniel Sturman ◽  
Jon Mond ◽  
Dick stevenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
General Population ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Consumers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Female Bodies

Body image disturbance – a cause of distress amongst the general population and those diagnosed with various disorders – is often attributed to the media’s unrealistic depiction of ideal bodies. These ideals are strongly gendered, leading to pronounced fat concern amongst females, and a male preoccupation with muscularity. Recent research suggests that visual aftereffects may be fundamental to the misperception of body fat and muscle mass – the perceptual component of body image disturbance. This study sought to establish the influence of gender on these body aftereffects. Male and female observers were randomly assigned to one of four adaptation conditions (low fat, high fat, low muscle, and high muscle bodies) and were asked to adjust the apparent fat and muscle levels of male and female bodies to make them appear as ‘normal’ as possible both before and after adaptation. While neither the gender of observers or of body stimuli had a direct effect, aftereffect magnitude was significantly larger when observers viewed own-gender (compared to other-gender) stimuli. This effect, which may be due to attentional factors, could have implications for the development of body image disturbance, given the preponderance of idealised own-gender bodies in media marketed to male and female consumers.

scholarly journals State Policing: Moral Panics and Masculinity in post-2011 Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Summer) ◽  
pp. 94-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Mecky
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
Moral Panics ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Public ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
The Public Sphere

This article explores the interplay of the politics of moral panics, hegemonic state discourses, and the notion of masculinity in Egypt after the 2011 uprising. As sexual violence in the public sphere has become more visible in Egyptian mainstream public discourse post-2011, the state narrative was often anchored in morality and stability. Through examining three incidents of sexual violence, I attempt to unpack the state rhetoric that aims to police bodies, deeming certain female bodies violable, and vilifying male and female subjectivities. Through the logic of the masculinist state, I examine how the Egyptian state polices women’s bodies and consolidates male sexual dominance over women, using the politics of moral panics. The state, I argue, aims to reinforce its hegemonic masculinity to maintain control over the gendered public sphere and eliminate prospects of socio-political change, thereby consolidating the gendered architecture of citizenship.

Physicality and The Body

2015 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Emily Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Body ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Female Bodies

This chapter focuses on the significance of male physicality in Pedro Almodóvar's films. Whilst Almodóvar's Talk to Her (2002) does not celebrate or objectify the bodies of its central male protagonists so brazenly, before the guitar sequence there is a seemingly out of place shot of a beautiful male body. Cynthia Freeland suggests that the purpose of the shot is 'to conjure up emotions of sensuous pleasure and exploration of bodily rhythms'. The physicality of female actors is also important within Talk to Her. Both Alicia and Lydia use their bodies for professions which require skill and athleticism. The film explores different types of male and female bodies. As such, the body is seen as an important motif within the film. The unconscious body is represented in different ways: as a landscape, as a doll, as a corpse, as a fairy tale princess.

Masculinity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Young
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Narrative Space ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
Men And Masculinity

Since the 1980s masculinity, more specifically ‘hegemonic masculinity’ has been a focal point of gender and sexuality discourses. The short story writings of Mantel, Hislop, and most particularly, Tremain, reflect, critique and problematize such understandings of masculinity. This chapter is shaped around three key areas that are often seen as defining masculinity: work, sexuality and the differences between male and female bodies. As with the historical strand of chapter three, in this chapter there will be a focus on history and one particularly significant historical moment for men and masculinity: the 1980s. It is through this analysis that questions will be addressed about how and why masculinity is a part of contemporary feminist discourses and, through the work of Judith Halberstam, will consider the ways in which queer theory and postmodern feminism have informed such debates. The momentary nature of the short story will be explored in greater depth too, in order to understand how the contemporary and historical moments interact in this narrative space.

scholarly journals Food in fashion modelling: Eating as an aesthetic and moral practice

Ethnography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia M. Holla
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Symbolic Boundaries ◽  
Moral Practice ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Body Work ◽  
Continuous Form ◽  
Food Beliefs ◽  
Female Bodies

This paper investigates the relation between food, the body and morality in fashion modelling. More than has been recognized so far, eating is a continuous form of body work that is decidedly essential to aesthetic labour. Against the backdrop of slender aesthetics, models are purposefully socialized into remaining or becoming slender, through food beliefs inducing them to eat in specific ways. Food is classified into good and bad categories, and believed to affect male and female bodies differently. But other than to aesthetics or gender, considering ‘what (not) to eat’ links to morality, enabling models to draw symbolic boundaries between themselves and others. These show two main moral imperatives: models should eat controlled and effortlessly. Solving this moral paradox, models normalize and conceal controlled eating. Ultimately, the fashion modelling food system preoccupies models with self-surveillance and reinforces power inequalities between models and other professionals.

Constructing Sex

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marli F. Weiner ◽  
Mazie Hough
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
The South ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
Reproductive Processes

This chapter examines how southern physicians constructed the meanings of male and female bodies. Believing that reproductive processes were inherently dangerous to women's health, doctors throughout the nation sought to extend their authority by proclaiming that menarche, menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, lactation, and menopause often required medical attention. In the South, these vulnerabilities had to be ascribed to white women's bodies at the same time that doctors rejected them for black women. However, doctors eager to expand their practice and willing to acknowledge black women's suffering could not reject them too vehemently. This chapter considers how physicians defined white women's bodies as well as the ways in which they addressed the contradictions in their explanations of racial and sexual differences. It shows that physicians utilized the familiar trope of the dangers of modern civilized life and sympathy theory to explain women's health, and especially white women's vulnerable bodies and reproductive suffering in contrast to the relative absence of such weakness in black women.

The Neural Correlates of Cognitive Objectification

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Bernard ◽  
Tiziana Rizzo ◽  
Ingrid Hoonhorst ◽  
Gaétane Deliens ◽  
Sarah J. Gervais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Configural Processing ◽  
N170 Amplitude ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Amplitude Inversion ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
Human Faces

At an early stage of visual processing, human faces and bodies are typically associated with larger N170s when presented in an inverted (vs. upright) position, indexing the involvement of configural processing. We challenged this view and hypothesized that sexualized bodies would not be sensitive to inversion, thereby suggesting that they would be processed similarly to objects. Participants saw sexualized male and female bodies, nonsexualized male and female bodies, as well as objects in both upright and inverted positions while we recorded the N170. Results indicated that inverted (vs. upright) nonsexualized male and female bodies were associated with larger N170 amplitudes. In contrast, no N170 amplitude inversion effect emerged for sexualized male and female bodies or objects. These results suggest that sexualized bodies are processed similarly to objects and quite differently than nonsexualized bodies. We discuss the results and their implications in the light of the literatures in person perception and objectification.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document