Psychomotor therapy and mental health in patients with psychotic disorders: An experimental comparison between an Italian and a Belgian experience

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Alberti ◽  
Davy Vancampfort
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Experimental Comparison

Costs of Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses in Urban Australia: Findings from the Low Prevalence (Psychotic) Disorders Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaughan J. Carr ◽  
Amanda L. Neil ◽  
Sean A. Halpin ◽  
Scott Holmes ◽  
Terry J. Lewin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Societal Costs ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Average Patient ◽  
The Government ◽  
Low Prevalence

Objective: To estimate the costs associated with the treatment and care of persons with psychosis in Australia based on data from the Low Prevalence Disorders Study (LPDS), and to identify areas where there is potential for more efficient use of existing health care resources. Method: The LPDS was a one-month census-based survey of people with psychotic disorders in contact with mental health services, which was conducted in four metropolitan regions in 1997–1998. Mental health and service utilization data from 980 interviews were used to estimate the economic costs associated with psychotic disorders. A prevalencebased, ‘bottom-up’ approach was adopted to calculate the government and societal costs associated with psychosis, including treatment and non-treatment related costs. Results: Annual societal costs for the average patient with psychosis are of the order of $46 200, comprising $27 500 in lost productivity, $13 800 in inpatient mental health care costs and $4900 in other mental health and community services costs. Psychosis costs the Australian government at least $1.45 billion per annum, while societal costs are at least $2.25 billion per annum (including $1.44 billion for schizophrenia). We also report relationships between societal costs and demographic factors, diagnosis, disability and participation in employment. Conclusions: Current expenditure on psychosis in Australia is probably inefficient. There may be substantial opportunity costs in not delivering effective treatments in sufficient volume to people with psychotic disorders, not intervening early, and not improving access to rehabilitation and supported accommodation.

Learning disability and the Scottish Mental Health Act

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Heather Welsh ◽  
Gary Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Health Legislation ◽  
Scottish Government ◽  
Health Legislation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003 for people with learning disabilities in Scotland, in the context of the recent commitment by the Scottish Government to review the place of learning disability (LD) within the Act. Design/methodology/approach All current compulsory treatment orders (CTO) including LD as a type of mental disorder were identified and reviewed. Data was collected on duration and type of detention (hospital or community based) for all orders. For those with additional mental illness and/or personality disorder, diagnoses were recorded. For those with LD only, symptoms, severity of LD and treatment were recorded. Findings In total, 11 per cent of CTOs included LD as a type of mental disorder. The majority of these also included mental illness. The duration of detention for people with LD only was almost double that for those without LD. A variety of mental illness diagnoses were represented, psychotic disorders being the most common (54 per cent). Treatment was broad and multidisciplinary. In all, 87 per cent of people with LD only were prescribed psychotropic medication authorised by CTO. Originality/value There has been limited research on the use of mental health legislation for people with learning disabilities. This project aids understanding of current practice and will be of interest to readers both in Scotland and further afield. It will inform the review of LD as a type of mental disorder under Scottish mental health law, including consideration of the need for specific legislation.

Scope for Psychosocial Treatments in Psychosis: An Overview of Collaborative Therapy

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Gilbert ◽  
Kathryn Miller ◽  
Lesley Berk ◽  
Velma Ho ◽  
David Castle
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
Psychosocial Treatments ◽  
Mental Health Consumers ◽  
Collaborative Therapy ◽  
Modular Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The psychosocial needs of people with psychotic disorders are not being addressed adequately. The present paper outlines a proposed framework that will help to meet some of this deficit and deliver psychosocial treatments for these individuals, as part of routine clinical practice. Conclusions: The recent Australian study on low prevalence (psychotic) disorders found that, although most Australians (91%) with a psychotic illness were taking medication, few were receiving adequate psychosocial support from mental health services; fully 47% of these saw the need for a particular type of service that was not able to be accessed by them, either because of it simply not being available or not being affordable. The programme described herein will develop, evaluate and disseminate comprehensive modular treatment packages addressing the psychosocial needs of people with psychotic disorders. It is novel in terms of the comprehensiveness of the approach, the rigour of the evaluation (using a controlled experimental design), and the extent of intersectoral and multidisciplinary involvement in mapping needs, developing the interventions, and dissemination. The potential impact for mental health consumers with psychosis is enormous because currently there is no coherent and consistent approach to addressing their psychosocial needs. The impact for the scientific community will be great because there is currently very little by way of controlled trial data in this important area of activity.

General Practice Recruitment for People at Risk of Schizophrenia: The Buckingham Experience

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. A131-A136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. H. Falloon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
At Risk ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Episode

Objective The process of detecting people at high risk of schizophrenia from a community sample is a major challenge for prevention of psychotic disorders. The aim of this paper is to describe early detection procedures that can be implemented in primary care settings. Methods A selected literature review is supplemented by experiences and data obtained during the Buckingham Integrated Mental Health Care Project. Results General medical practitioners have been favoured as the agents most likely to prove helpful in detecting the key risk factors that predict the onset of schizophrenic disorders, as well as in recognising the earliest signs and symptoms of these conditions. However, the practical problems of screening for multiple and subtle risk factors in general practice are substantial, and general practitioners (GPs) often have difficulty recognising the earliest signs of a psychotic episode. A range of strategies to assist GPs detect early signs of psychosis in their patients are considered. Conclusions It is feasible to implement primary care setting early detection procedures for people at risk of schizophrenia. Implementation is aided by the use of a brief screening questionnaire, training sessions and case supervision; and increased collaboration with mental health services and other community agencies.

scholarly journals Digital Technology for Caregivers of People With Psychosis: Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. e55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Onwumere ◽  
Filipa Amaral ◽  
Lucia R Valmaggia
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background Psychotic disorders are severe mental health conditions that adversely affect the quality of life and life expectancy. Schizophrenia, the most common and severe form of psychosis affects 21 million people globally. Informal caregivers (families) are known to play an important role in facilitating patient recovery outcomes, although their own health and well-being could be adversely affected by the illness. The application of novel digital interventions in mental health care for patient groups is rapidly expanding; interestingly, however, far less is known about their role with family caregivers. Objective This study aimed to systematically identify the application of digital interventions that focus on informal caregivers of people with psychosis and describe their outcomes. Methods We completed a search for relevant papers in four electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science). The search also included the Cochrane database and manual search of reference lists of relevant papers. The search was undertaken in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines. Results The search identified 9 studies derived from 8 unique datasets. Most studies were assessments of feasibility and were undertaken in the United States. Interventions were predominately Web-based, with a focus on improving the caregivers’ knowledge and understanding about psychosis. Conclusions This study offers preliminary support for the feasibility and acceptability of digital interventions for psychosis in informal caregiver populations. However, the findings underpin a clear need for greater development in the range of caregiver-focused digital approaches on offer and robust evaluation of their outcomes. The use of digital approaches with caregiver populations seemingly lags someway behind the significant developments observed in patient groups.

scholarly journals Patient factors associated with the use of psychotropic polypharmacy in patients under the care of a community mental health team in the West of Ireland

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S106-S106
Author(s):  
Karthika Srikumar ◽  
Richard Walsh ◽  
Donnchadh Walsh ◽  
Sonn Patel ◽  
Sheila O'Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Psychotropic Medications ◽  
Community Mental Health Team ◽  
Patient Factors ◽  
Mental Health Team ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Factors Associated

AimsPsychiatric polypharmacy refers to the prescription of two or more psychotropic medications to any one patient. This definition is purely quantitative and does not take into account whether such a prescription is detrimental, or unnecessary. In many cases, polypharmacy has been implemented in challenging illnesses, and some studies have shown that it can improve overall outcomes for certain patients. Evidence suggests that the prevalence of psychotropic polypharmacy is increasing, despite advances in psychosocial interventions. The aim of this study was to assess the current prevalence of polypharmacy among patients being treated by a community mental health team (CMHT), and the patient factors associated with its use.MethodWe performed a cross-sectional study of all patients registered with a CMHT in a mixed urban/rural area on a single date. Case records were examined to determine the most recently prescribed drug regimen for each patient. Clinical chart diagnoses were recorded and each one independently verified by the team consultant using ICD-10. A number other sociodemographic variables were recorded. Using Microsoft Excel, we analysed the medications prescribed as well as rates and levels of polypharmacy based on multiple different patient characteristics.ResultOf the 245 patients, the mean age was 56.3 and 51.2% (n = 126) were female. Psychotropic polypharmacy was seen in 62% (n = 152) of patients. 33% (n = 82) of patients were on two psychotropic medications, and of this subset, a combination of one antipsychotic and one antidepressant was the most common drug regimen, seen in 16.7% (n = 41) of all patients. Polypharmacy was more prevalent in females, with 68% (n = 85) being on two or more psychotropics, in comparison to 58% of male patients. In relation to age, patients aged between 51 to 65 years had the highest prevalence of polypharmacy, at a rate of 71% (n = 49). Among all primary diagnoses, polypharmacy was most common in patients with affective disorders, with 80% (n = 40) of this patient cohort on two or more medications. Second to this was psychotic disorders, with polypharmacy seen in 65% (n = 62) of this group.ConclusionWe found that psychotropic polypharmacy is highly prevalent in psychiatric patients being treated in a community setting. Certain demographics and patient factors, such as age, gender and psychiatric diagnosis influenced the rate of polypharmacy and certain drug combinations were more commonly prescribed than others.

Mental health and emotional well being

2009 ◽  
pp. 213-248
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Prevalence Rates

Introduction 214 Promoting emotional well-being 216 Promoting assertiveness 218 Primary care 220 Secondary care 222 Tertiary care 224 Prevalence rates 226 Factors contributing to mental health 228 Anxiety disorders 230 Psychotic disorders 232 Organic disorders 234 Dementia (in people with intellectual disability) 236 Psychopathology 238...

The Impact of Marijuana on Mental Health

2018 ◽  
pp. 122-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Impact

The association between marijuana use and several mental health outcomes is examined, with particular reference to commonly held views on the lack of proof for a causal basis. Rather than relying on a single, key criterion for proof of causation, a collective approach is taken to the question through reviewing studies testing different criteria. Exploration of the psychiatric epidemiology on marijuana reveals trends in early reports that have been confirmed through more detailed studies in recent years and further bolstered by clinical findings. A significant, causal role for marijuana use in chronic psychotic disorders is substantiated by the literature, as well as a strong association with mood disorders and suicidal behaviors. This chapter reinforces the importance of considering marijuana’s mental health impacts when formulating appropriate public health programs and when fashioning drug control policies concerning its legal status.

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