How Land Use and Transportation Systems Impact Public Health: A Literature Review of the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Built Form

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence D. Frank ◽  
Peter Engelke
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Built Form ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals ROLE OF LAND USE PLANNING IN IMPROVING PUBLIC HEALTH: WAY FORWARD FOR MALAYSIA

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainul Jaria Maidin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Local Health

It is an undeniable fact that land use planning regulatory framework and concern for improving living and built environment originated from the desire to improve public health, Planning issues remained at the root of some of the most intractable public health problems, including the declining rates of physical activity resulting from automobile-dependent environments or the isolation of poor and minority conmunities in areas plagued by environmental pollutants, violent crime, and high rates of disease. Land use, community design, and transportation systems substantially impact local air quality, water quality and supply, traffic safety, physical activity and exposure to contaminated industries. Mental health and quality of life issues also are profoundly affected by factors ranging fro1n the stress and difficulties of commuting to the presence or absence of natural areas and green spaces. There is a general realization that health specialists or planning departtnents cannot afford to operate in isolation from one another. This article intends to examine the important role that can be assumed by the members of local health department and other public health professionals in protecting local environmental health and improving the health of the communities through land use planning.

scholarly journals ROLE OF LAND USE PLANNING IN IMPROVING PUBLIC HEALTH: WAY FORWARD FOR MALAYSIA

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainul Jaria Maidin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Local Health

It is an undeniable fact that land use planning regulatory framework and concern for improving living and built environment originated from the desire to improve public health, Planning issues remained at the root of some of the most intractable public health problems, including the declining rates of physical activity resulting from automobile-dependent environments or the isolation of poor and minority conmunities in areas plagued by environmental pollutants, violent crime, and high rates of disease. Land use, community design, and transportation systems substantially impact local air quality, water quality and supply, traffic safety, physical activity and exposure to contaminated industries. Mental health and quality of life issues also are profoundly affected by factors ranging fro1n the stress and difficulties of commuting to the presence or absence of natural areas and green spaces. There is a general realization that health specialists or planning departtnents cannot afford to operate in isolation from one another. This article intends to examine the important role that can be assumed by the members of local health department and other public health professionals in protecting local environmental health and improving the health of the communities through land use planning.

An exploration on the relationship between traffic flow and the rate of surgical site infections: A literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Claire Brown ◽  
Sara L.F. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Issue ◽  
Operating Theatres ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
The Relationship

Surgical site infections are the second most frequent type of health-care associated infections in Europe and America. Public Health England’s data on 139,691 operations at 209 hospitals reported 1,635 surgical site infections between April 2012 and March 2017. Patients with a surgical site infection are twice as likely to die, five times more likely to be readmitted after discharge and are likely to have a prolonged hospitalization. Therefore, it is still a significant issue that professionals need to help reduce. This literature review looks at ventilation within theatres and how traffic flow can affect the air flow and if it can increase the incidence rates of surgical site infections. Recommendations of strategies are made to help reduce traffic flow within operating theatres.

Views From the Path: Evaluating Physical Activity Use Patterns and Design Preferences of Older Adults on the Bolin Creek Greenway Trail

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Dorwart
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Design Preferences ◽  
The Relationship

Though physical inactivity can lead to increased health problems in older adults, few places actually encourage this population to be active by implementing choices that allow the built and natural environment to be accessed by foot or bicycle. In addition, little research has examined older adults’ perceptions of design and the relationship between greenways and improving public health, a topic that is receiving popular attention. The objective of this mixed-methods study was therefore to evaluate elements in a greenway’s design that the aging population found important and which afforded physical activity. Using a combination of survey questions, photo elicitation, and interviews, data were collected from a sample of older adults aged 65 and over that used a greenway trail. Results of this study indicated that older adults may prefer certain elements on a trail, namely those elements that afforded their choice of activity. Although there will always be limitations to understanding behavioral responses to the built environment, this should not disqualify the benefits of greenways on older adults’ physical activity.

Public Health and the Built Environment: Historical, Empirical, and Theoretical Foundations for an Expanded Role

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy C. Perdue ◽  
Lawrence O. Gostin ◽  
Lesley A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
State Health ◽  
Industry Association ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

In 2000, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Environmental Health issued a report that explored some of the ways in which “sprawl” impacts public health. The report has generated great interest, and state health officials are beginning to discuss the relationship between land use and public health. The CDC report has also produced a backlash. For example, the Southern California Building Industry Association labeled the report “a ludicrous sham” and argued that the CDC should stick to “fighting physical diseases, not defending political ones.”In retrospect, it is probably unfortunate that this report was funded by an organization called “Sprawl Watch.” “Spraw” is a word that has no clear meaning but is applied to a huge range of issues involving suburban development.

scholarly journals Built Environment Approaches to Increase Physical Activity: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Omura ◽  
Susan A. Carlson ◽  
David R. Brown ◽  
David P. Hopkins ◽  
William E. Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Preventive Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Systems

Engaging in regular physical activity is one of the most important things people can do to improve their cardiovascular health; however, population levels of physical activity remain low in the United States. Effective population-based approaches implemented in communities can help increase physical activity among all Americans. Evidence suggests that built environment interventions offer one such approach. These interventions aim to create or modify community environmental characteristics to make physical activity easier or more accessible for all people in the places where they live. In 2016, the Community Preventive Services Task Force released a recommendation for built environment approaches to increase physical activity. This recommendation is based on a systematic review of 90 studies (search period, 1980–June 2014) conducted using methods outlined by the Guide to Community Preventive Services. The Community Preventive Services Task Force found sufficient evidence of effectiveness to recommend combined built environment strategies. Specifically, these strategies combine interventions to improve pedestrian or bicycle transportation systems with interventions to improve land use and environmental design. Components of transportation systems can include street pattern design and connectivity, pedestrian infrastructure, bicycle infrastructure, and public transit infrastructure and access. Components of land use and environmental design can include mixed land use, increased residential density, proximity to community or neighborhood destinations, and parks and recreational facility access. Implementing this Community Preventive Services Task Force recommendation in communities across the United States can help promote healthy and active living, increase physical activity, and ultimately improve cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals The right space at the right time: The relationship between children’s physical activity and land use/land cover

2016 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Matisziw ◽  
Charles H. Nilon ◽  
Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis ◽  
Joseph W. LeMaster ◽  
Jane A. McElroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

University Transportation Survey: Transportation in University Communities

2003 ◽  
Vol 1835 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Daggett ◽  
Richard Gutkowski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
University Communities ◽  
Transit Agencies ◽  
Transit Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Universities and transit agencies across the United States have been finding innovative ways of providing and financing mobility services on and around university campuses. Many transit agencies are providing substantially more service and moving substantially more riders than their counterparts in nonuniversity environments. Determining what types of relationships exist between transit performance and university policies or practices is the research premise. To that end, the purpose is to document the types of transportation policies, demographics, and land use characteristics that exist on university campuses, and to examine the relationship between transit performance, land use on university campuses, types of university communities, university transportation and parking policies, and student demographics. These characteristics of university transportation systems were examined through demographic data and a mailed questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to 48 universities and transit agencies across the United States, with 23 responding with enough valid data and information to be included in the study. It has been demonstrated in a significant number of university communities across the country that transit performance is enhanced dramatically by certain fare policies. However, that enhancement differs from one community to the next. It is believed that the answer to maximizing transit performance can be found in a combination of factors and that the optimum mix can be identified empirically.

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