A nova geografia das bolsas de mercadorias e futuros e a dinâmica do capital financeiro na agricultura

O artigo discute a dinâmica recente das bolsas de mercadorias e futuros, especialmente o crescimento das bolsas asiáticas e o mercado mundial de commodities agropecuárias. Exploramos os dados anuais dos relatórios da Future Industry Association-FIA, os quais permitem avaliar os principais indicadores de títulos, a dinâmica regional destes mercados e os processos de fusões e aquisições entre as bolsas. As bolsas asiáticas atingiram a liderança mundial, com mais de 39% do total dos contratos de derivativos, futuros e opções. As bolsas norte-americanas e europeias vem seguindo o caminho das fusões e aquisições desde 2007. Das dez maiores bolsas, três são chinesas e uma é indiana. Na lista das maiores bolsas do ano de 2000, a única chinesa, aparecia em 32º lugar, da Índia não constava nenhuma. Os dados demonstram a aceleração do crescimento econômico de China e Índia, e a desaceleração de Europa, Estados Unidos e Japão. Nos produtos agropecuários as bolsas da China lideram de forma absoluta, com 69,7% do total mundial de contratos desta categoria.

The New, COVID-Driven Outdoor Recreationists in the U.S.: Who They Are, Who They Aren’t, and Who Will Stay Involved

As the COVID-19 pandemic spread across the United States, many residents began participating in outdoor recreation for the first time, or returned to outdoor recreation after a prolonged hiatus. During the first year of the pandemic, many parks in the U.S. experienced record visitation as overall park and protected area visitation increased across much of the country. Part of this increase in visitation was likely the result of existing outdoor recreationists who increased their participation during the first year of the pandemic because of restrictions to other types of leisure activities. However, it is possible that much of the increase in outdoor recreation and park use was the result of a recreation substitution, as new outdoor recreationists either tried outdoor recreation for the first time or returned to outdoor recreation because they could not do their more preferred means of recreational activities (e.g., go to bars, movies, gyms, etc.). Research concerning these new participants is sparse at present (Grima et al., 2020; Outdoor Industry Association & Naxion Research Consulting, 2021). Therefore, the research detailed in this report focuses on the results of a national panel study aimed at gaining a more robust understanding of both 1) how these new outdoor recreationists differ from other participants and non-participants and 2) the behaviors of these new outdoor recreationists. In doing so, we provide insights concerning information used by new participants to aid their transition to outdoor recreation, how helpful this information was, what activities they participated in, where they participated in these activities, and if they plan to continue participating once the pandemic is over.

The Future of Events will be Hybrid (Tim Brown)

In early 2020 a pandemic was declared following the rapid spread of COVID-19 across the globe. As a result, numerous governments worldwide implemented strict measures to limit the movements of their populations to prevent increases in COVID-19 infections (Ludvigsen & Hayton, 2020; Mohanty et al., 2020). These restrictions included regional and national ‘lockdowns’ which severely restricted personal activities, with all but essential workers urged to work from home, schools and universities closed and moved online, and only critical business (such as supermarkets and pharmacies) to remain open (Richter, 2020). Many industries were affected by the lockdowns, with the tourism, hospitality, and events industries most severely affected (Mohanty et al., 2020). The Meetings Industry Association (mia) reported that in the UK the impact of COVID-19 on the events industry has resulted in £ billions lost in revenue through cancelled events and declines in enquiries, and that over 126,000 event jobs in the UK have been lost to date (mia, 2020), with fears this could increase to over 500,000 job losses without more government support (Fullard, 2020). This picture is mirrored in other countries, such as the USA, where it is outlined that 46% (8 million people) of those working in food, travel and events have lost their jobs (Dubay, 2020). Events are a global industry, worth $ trillions annually (Events Industry Council & Oxford Economics, 2018), and the shutdown of events presents an existential crisis to the industry which may take years to recover (EventMB, 2020b; mia, 2020; Mohanty et al., 2020).

Multisector Collaborations and Global Oncology: The Only Way Forward

PURPOSE At the 12th meeting of AORTIC (African Organization for Research and Training in Cancer) in Maputo, Mozambique, held between November 5 and November 8, 2019, a special workshop was organized to focus on the need for collaboration and coordination between governments and health systems in Africa with academic, industry, association, and other nongovernmental organizations to effect sustainable positive change for the care of patients with cancer. METHODS Representatives from seven different projects in Africa presented implementation science and demonstration projects of their to date efforts in cancer system improvement including patient access, South-South partnerships, in-country specialized training, palliative care consortium, treatment outcomes, and focused pathology and diagnostic capacity building. Key partners of the various projects served as moderators and commentators during the session. RESULTS From across all the presentations, lessons learned and exemplary evidence of the value of partnerships were gathered and summarized. CONCLUSION The concluding synthesis of the presentations determined that with the broad needs across cancer requiring in-depth expertise at each point on a patient’s journey, no single organization can effect change alone. Multipartner collaborations not only should be the norm but should also be coordinated so that efforts are not duplicated and maximum patient access to cancer diagnosis and care is achieved.

Identifikasi Gejala Kerusakan Motor Matic Tipe Lexi Merk Yamaha dengan Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining

The Motorcycle Industry Association (AISI) announced that automatic motorcycle sales data has increased. The high use of automatic motorbikes at this time is not accompanied by the ability to repair damage to motorbikes by users. due to lack of information on how to maintain motorbikes, negligence in monthly service, and delaying repairs that should have been done but were postponed until they were seriously damaged. The expert system is an alternative to help mechanics and motorbike users to consult early symptoms of motor damage. Developing the Expert System application provides an overview of motor matic damage. The data comes from interviews with mechanics and data on the types of problems given by experts. After data collection, analysis and problem solving were carried out using the Forward Chaining method with the preparation of rules or rules. The results of the rule formulation are implemented into a system that aims to determine the extent to which the PHP programming language is applied in identifying damage to motorbike matic lexi. Followed by testing the results so that the results of the process carried out with the help of the application match the results of the process carried out manually. The results of the application are that it can provide early symptom clues to the lexi matic motor damage. The application of the Forward Chaining method is applied to systems that have an accuracy level of up to 80%, therefore the system can be said to be good enough to be implemented.

BYD attended the 3rd Intelligent Metro International Forum

On July 7, 2020, the third “International Forum of Intelligent Metro Chief Information Officer and Chief Engineer” held in Shanghai, co-sponsored by Shanghai Transportation Research Center and the Intelligent Metro Alliance. At the forum, well-known domestic and international metro operators, rail transit solution providers, and industry association experts gathered to discuss the development modes for an intelligent, efficient, and safe rail transit, explore market potential, and enhance international exchanges and cooperation.

3 Financial Collateral Transactions and their Standardization

This chapter examines collateral transactions. Being the backbone of secured funding with financial market counterparties, collateral underpins a variety of financial transactions within the global marketplace, such as repurchase agreements (repos), securities lending, and derivatives transactions-often collectively referred to as 'collateralised finance transactions' or simply 'collateral transactions'. In order to legally underpin a collateral transaction, parties to the transaction generally enter into the applicable master agreement, which will be a standard template document created and maintained by the relevant industry association. These include the Global Master Repurchase Agreement for repos; the Global Master Securities Lending Agreement for securities lending transactions; and the International Swaps and Derivative Association Credit Support Annex under the ISDA Master Agreement for derivatives transactions. The master agreements are standardised contracts in effect setting out the rights and obligations of the parties to relevant transactions. These contracts provide market participants with substantial standardization, efficiency, predictability, legal certainty, and flexibility in respect of legal and commercial aspects of transactions. In essence, these contracts are so widely used and with so little derogations that they function as lex mercatoria or the international law that applies to certain transactions between certain market participants.

“Where Commerce Meets a Revolution” the Complex Relationship Between the Marijuana Legalization Movement and the Cannabis Industry

Abstract“Where Commerce Meets a Revolution” is the motto of the National Cannabis Industry Association and its annual meetings. “Commerce” clearly refers to the developing for-profit cannabis industry. “Revolution” refers to the ongoing legalization of the drug. “Meets” is more ambiguous: It may suggest an encounter between two similar things, a possible clash of opposites, or something in between. The ambiguity here provides an opportunity to examine how a social movement that understood itself as promoting freedom and social justice thinks about and engages a profit-making industry that its own success has created, acknowledging conflicting values, while also trying to find ways to manage this conflict. Drawing on interviews with major movement actors, I use the concepts of institutional logics and institutional entrepreneurship to examine the relationship between the legalization movement and the cannabis industry.