Depression: A Mediator of Caregiving Self- Efficacy and Health Behavior Patterns

Abstract Background Health literacy (HL) is the “ability to find, understand, evaluate and put information to use to improve decision making and, ultimately, improve health and quality of life.” Parents with limited HL are less likely to follow recommended parental oral health behaviors. Purpose We tested a theoretical framework designed to clarify mechanisms through which HL may influence parental oral health behavior. The framework proposed that HL: (a) has a direct effect on parental oral health knowledge, beliefs (i.e. self-efficacy; perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers), and behavior; (b) influences beliefs indirectly through knowledge; and (c) influences behavior indirectly through knowledge and beliefs. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data from a randomized controlled trial designed to reduce dental decay in American Indian children (N = 521). Parents completed survey questions assessing sociodemographic characteristics, HL, and parental oral health knowledge, beliefs, and behavior. Path analysis was used to test the framework. Results HL exerted significant direct effects on knowledge and beliefs but not behavior. HL had significant indirect effects on all beliefs through knowledge. Significant indirect effects of HL on behavior occurred through self-efficacy (estimate: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.42, 1.83, p = .005), perceived barriers (estimate: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.29, 1.43, p = .010), knowledge to self-efficacy (estimate: 0.57, 95% CI: .31, 0.98, p = .001), and knowledge to perceived barriers (estimate: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.47, p = .012). Conclusions HL exerted an indirect effect on parental oral health behavior, with knowledge, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers being the primary constructs linking HL to behavior.

Download Full-text

Health Behavior Patterns Among First-Year and Non-First Year College Students Attending a North Carolina Historically Black University

Journal of College Orientation, Transition, and Retention ◽

10.24926/jcotr.v13i2.2640 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dixie Dennis ◽

Terence Hicks

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

College Students ◽

North Carolina ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Behavior Patterns ◽

First Year ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

First Year College ◽

First Year College Students

The major purpose of this study was to conduct a baseline investigation of self-rated health behavior and quality of life among first-year and non-first-year college students. The authors used a quality of life questionnaire that was designed to gauge college students' health status, lifestyle, mental health, and living conditions. Results from this study were indicated that there were significan differences among health behavior patterns between first-year and non-first-year college students. Most importantly, this study provides compelling information regarding the physical and psychological health behaviors among a mostly African American student population who attended a historical Black university in North Carolina. Implications for university student personnel, counselors, and faculty are discussed.

Download Full-text

Determinants of the utilization of allergy management measures among hay fever sufferers: a theory-based cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-09959-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anna Muzalyova ◽

Jens O. Brunner

Keyword(s):

Health Behavior ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Hay Fever ◽

Self Management ◽

Perceived Severity ◽

Medical Supervision ◽

Management Measures ◽

Perceived Seriousness ◽

Fever Management

Abstract Background The quality of life of chronically ill individuals, such as hay fever sufferers, is significantly dependent on their health behavior. This survey aimed to explain the health-related behavior of allergic individuals using the protection motivation theory (PMT) and the transtheoretical model (TTM). Methods The influencing variables stated by PMT were operationalized based on data from semistructured pilot interviews and a pretest with 12 individuals from the target population. The final questionnaire inquired perceived seriousness and severity of hay fever, response efficacy, response costs, self-efficacy, and the use of various hay fever management measures in relation to the TTM stages. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate the relationships between the PMT constructs and the examined health behavior. Results A total of 569 allergic individuals completed the online questionnaire. Only 33.26% of allergic individuals were in the maintenance stage for treatment under medical supervision, and almost 60% preferred hay fever self-management. A total of 67.56% had a well-established habit of taking anti-allergic medication, but only 25.31% had undergone specific immunotherapy. The likelihood of seeking medical supervision was positively influenced by perceived severity (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.02–1.81), perceived seriousness (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.56–2.89), and self-efficacy (OR = 4.52, 95% CI: 3.11–6.65). The perceived severity of symptoms predicted the practice of hay fever self-management (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.21–2.11), as well as anti-allergic medication intake (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.16–2.35). The latter measure was also positively influenced by self-efficacy (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.01–2.28) and hay fever self-management (OR = 4.76, 95% CI: 2.67–7.49). Undergoing specific immunotherapy was significantly predicted only by medical supervision (OR = 9.80, 95% CI: 8.16–13.80). Allergen avoidance was a strategy used by allergic individuals who preferred hay fever self-management (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.87–3.52) and experienced notable symptom severity (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.60–2.81). Conclusion Educational interventions that increase the awareness of health risks associated with inadequate hay fever management and measures to increase self-efficacy might be beneficial for the promotion of appropriate hay fever management among allergic individuals.

Download Full-text

HIV/AIDS Prevention: Influence of HIV Knowledge, Self- Efficacy, Parent and Peer influence, Social support, Culture and Government policy in Preventive Health Behavior in Jigawa State, Nigeria

International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.14419/ijbas.v1i4.381 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Haladu Haruna Kaugama ◽

Khairuddin B. Idris ◽

Jamilah Othman ◽

Jegak Anak Uli

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Peer Influence ◽

Government Policy ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Aids Prevention ◽

Preventive Health ◽

Hiv Knowledge ◽

Preventive Health Behavior ◽

Hiv Aids

Download Full-text

Oral health knowledge and psychological determinants of oral health behavior of nursing students

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105315595122 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 79-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joanne CY Chan ◽

Luzy SH Chin

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Oral Health ◽

Nursing Students ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Oral Health Behavior ◽

Oral Health Knowledge ◽

Psychological Determinants

This survey examined the oral health knowledge and psychological determinants of oral health behavior of 1019 undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students. Overall, most of the students perceived their oral health to be average, and their flossing and dental visiting frequencies were inadequate. Moreover, the students’ oral health knowledge was suboptimal, regardless of the type of study, and it was not significantly associated with oral health behavior. Binary logistic regression showed that toothbrushing self-efficacy and the type of study were both significantly associated with toothbrushing behavior. Furthermore, flossing self-efficacy and dental visiting self-efficacy were both significantly associated with flossing and dental visiting behaviors, respectively.

Download Full-text