Implicit and explicit personality trait judgments of the self

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Harashima
Keyword(s):  
Personality Trait ◽  
The Self ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

scholarly journals Cartas privadas y actitudes lingüísticas en España y América durante los siglos XVIII y XIX. Algunos problemas en el modo de acceso al objeto de estudio

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Manuel Rivas Zancarrón
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Good Education ◽  
Oral Manifestation ◽  
Language History ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Together with an oral manifestation put into practice by tradition since birth, necessity drove ordinary people to develop the ability to speak with an absence of the self, the you and the communicative situation. Initially, it was the emigration to America, promoted by the miseries of a decadent homeland, which contributed to the development of a textual genre of urgency, without literary retensions, which in later years became a sign of good education on the part of those using it. With this work, we review the methodological pitfalls that are hidden when accessing this type of object. We analyse the difficulties that might be found by researchers when facing these documents from a philological point of view and from the sociolinguistic view of the attitudes of the speakers—both implicit and explicit. The concept of “discursive tradition” will act as a methodological moderator and will allow the construction of a bridge between diachronic Sociolinguistics and Language History in the recovery of oral remains from the speech of the 18th and 19th centuries in Spain and America.

The driving force of action and the psychology of doing nothing

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-46
Author(s):  
Augustyn Bańka
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Difficult Situation

Abstract My article discusses the psychological factors determining the driving force of human activity as well as the driving force of doing nothing. The discussion is related to the personal resources characteristics (personality, the type of mind, operational style), personal coping strategies with the pressures of time (procrastination, indecisiveness), an autonomous vs. non-autonomous reality creating style (passion, passivity), and anticipatory identity capital modelling by capitalizing on one’s own advantages and proactivity. The driving force of human activity and doing nothing presented in the article is discussed from a psychological perspective as a multidimensional phenomenon. Firstly, it is discussed as a preconditioned personality trait, secondly as a contextually determined search for exiting from a difficult situation by delaying a decision, thirdly as an agentural creation of energy program of action (passion, apathy), and at the end as an agentural production of the self-advantages through proactivity. My article also reviews basic types of discontinuity and personality types related to them. These five discontinuity types are: 1 – place discontinuity, 2 – situation discontinuity, 3 – meanings and values discontinuity, 4 – context discontinuity, 5 – projective discontinuity.

scholarly journals Chinese University Students’ Perceptions of Implicit Altruism in a Time of COVID-19 Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Xue Wen ◽  
Maonan Zhang ◽  
Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Situational Judgment Test ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Chinese University Students ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Drawing on the Associative Propositional Evaluation Model (APE), this study examined the influencing factors of Chinese university students' altruism and voluntary behaviors against the backdrop of global pandemic. A sample of 2172 Chinese university students answered the Self-developed University Students Implicit Altruism Situational Judgment Test (USIA-SJT) and The Self-report Altruism Scale (SRAS). Results show that gender, single child, years of enrollment, political status, parental education, personal/parental experiences and parental participation have statistically significant effects on the participants’ implicit and explicit altruism, which substantially impact their voluntary behaviors during the coronavirus crisis. Both EFA and CFA indicated the sound psychometric property of the Self-developed USIA-SJT, with the construction of the SIX C model, rendering it a robust measure to gauge Chinese university students’ implicit altruism as well as to predict their voluntary behaviors under serious public emergencies.

scholarly journals Images of the self: prediction of peer-evaluations of one's personality, using implicit and explicit self-assessments

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 682-686
Author(s):  
Laurenţiu P. Maricuţoiu ◽  
Silvia Rusua ◽  
Vîrgă Delia ◽  
Irina Macsinga ◽  
Florin A. Sava
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Peer Evaluations ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Need for Cognition and Women’s Implicit Associations: Breaking Stereotypes?

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-346
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Olshan ◽  
Christine Vitiello ◽  
Kate A. Ratliff
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
The Self ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Women In Stem ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Explicit Measure ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
The Relationship

People often associate women more with emotions, or affect in general, compared to men (e.g., Barrett & Bliss-Moreau, 2009); however, it is unknown whether some women will have a stronger association between self and affect or others and cognition than other women. We predicted that higher need for cognition (NFC; Cacioppo et al., 1984), or the enjoyment of cognitive processes, would be associated with stronger self-cognition/others-affect implicit associations. We also predicted that women with stronger self-cognition/others-affect associations would be less likely to endorse STEM stereotypes. We also expected a positive relationship between NFC and explicit self-cognition/others-affect associations. To test these predictions, we conducted a study on Project Implicit investigating the relationship between NFC, affect-cognition associations with the self and others, and endorsement of women in STEM stereotypes (Jackson et al., 2014). We found that higher NFC scores were associated with decreased endorsement of stereotypical affect-cognition implicit associations in women, r(280) = −.14, p = .022, 95% CI [−0.25, −0.02]. There was no significant association between self-affect/others-cognition implicit associations and STEM stereotype endorsement, r(278) = −.05, p = .421, 95% CI [−0.17, 0.07]. Importantly, we found that the relationship between NFC and self-affect/others-cognition associations exists when using both an implicit and explicit measure. NFC may increase the likelihood of women making the counter-stereotypical association of themselves with cognition as opposed to affect. It is important to know who endorses these stereotypes, and future studies should continue to examine the trait NFC, affect-cognition associations, and related interest in STEM.

Unconscious Unease and Self-Handicapping: Behavioral Consequences of Individual Differences in Implicit and Explicit Self-Esteem

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah R. Spalding ◽  
Curtis D. Hardin
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Behavioral Consequences ◽  
Interview Performance ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

In contrast to measures of explicit self-esteem, which assess introspectively accessible self-evaluations, measures of implicit self-esteem assess the valence of unconscious, introspectively inaccessible associations to the self. This experiment is the first to document a relationship between individual differences in implicit self-esteem and social behavior: Participants completed either a self-relevant or a self-irrelevant interview, and were then rated by the interviewer on their anxiety. When the interview was self-relevant, apparent anxiety was greater for participants low in implicit self-esteem than for participants high in self-esteem; implicit self-esteem did not predict anxiety when the interview was self-irrelevant. Explicit self-esteem did not predict apparent anxiety in either interview, but did predict participants' explicit self-judgments of anxiety. Self-handicapping about interview performance was greater for participants low in both explicit and implicit self-esteem than for those high in these measures. The experiment provides direct evidence that effects of implicit and explicit self-esteem may be dissociated.

On the Self-Regulation of Implicit and Explicit Prejudice

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 732-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Legault ◽  
Isabelle Green-Demers ◽  
Protius Grant ◽  
Joyce Chung
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Explicit Prejudice ◽  
Implicit And Explicit
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