Hostile sexism, interpersonal perceptions and aggressive relationship behaviour

AbstractTo account for sex differences in the production, receptivity, and preference for humor in potential mates during courtship, past research has often adopted an evolutionary approach. The present manuscript will attempt to integrate evolutionary explanations with proximal social and cultural influences using the traditional sexual script and ambivalent sexism theory. The results of both Study 1 (N=227) and Study 2 (N=424) suggest that trait masculinity is positively associated with humor production in courtship, while trait femininity is associated with humor receptivity. Study 1 indicated that the traditional flirting style was associated with less humor production by women, and Study 2 indicated that hostile sexism was related to a lower preference for a humor-producing potential partner by men. A sex difference in humor production in potential partners in Study 2 was no longer detectable once trait gender and hostile sexism was accounted for. Taken together, gender roles, over and above biological sex, influence one’s own humor use in courtship and preference for humor in potential partners.

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Psychometric properties of the polish updated Illinois rape myth acceptance scale

Current Psychology ◽

10.1007/s12144-020-01249-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Agnieszka Ewa Łyś ◽

Kamilla Bargiel-Matusiewicz ◽

Tomasz Krasuski ◽

Anna Studzińska

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Social Dominance Orientation ◽

Rape Myth Acceptance ◽

Hostile Sexism ◽

Rape Myth ◽

Men And Women ◽

Acceptance Scale ◽

Better Than ◽

Myth Acceptance

AbstractStereotyped beliefs concerning rape, called rape myths, are a global problem. The aim of the studies was to assess the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale which is used to assess rape myth acceptance. The tool has a high internal consistency (α = .92) and an overly good test-retest reliability (the It Wasn’t Really Rape subscale being one exception), The five-factor model fits the data better than the four-factor one. Both in the case of the four-factor and the five-factor models the brief version fits the data better than the full one. The study also demonstrated positive correlations of rape myth acceptance with right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, system justification, cultural conservatism, hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, beliefs in biological origins of the differences between men and women and unjust world beliefs. The correlation between rape myth acceptance and beliefs in cultural origins of the differences between men and women was negative. The analyses suggest that the Polish Updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale is a reliable and valid tool and can be useful for further studies of rape myth acceptance.

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Curvilinear Sexism and Its Links to Men’s Perceived Mate Value

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin ◽

10.1177/01461672211009726 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 014616722110097

Author(s):

Jennifer K. Bosson ◽

Gregory J. Rousis ◽

Roxanne N. Felig

Keyword(s):

Social Status ◽

Subjective Social Status ◽

Benevolent Sexism ◽

Hostile Sexism ◽

The Novel ◽

Mate Value ◽

Women Studies

We tested the novel hypothesis that men lower in status-linked variables—that is, subjective social status and perceived mate value—are relatively disinclined to offset their high hostile sexism with high benevolent sexism. Findings revealed that mate value, but not social status, moderates the hostile–benevolent sexism link among men: Whereas men high in perceived mate value endorse hostile and benevolent sexism linearly across the attitude range, men low in mate value show curvilinear sexism, characterized by declining benevolence as hostility increases above the midpoint. Study 1 ( N = 15,205) establishes the curvilinear sexism effect and shows that it is stronger among men than women. Studies 2 ( N = 328) and 3 ( N = 471) show that the curve is stronger among men low versus high in perceived mate value, and especially if they lack a serious relationship partner (Study 3). Discussion considers the relevance of these findings for understanding misogyny.

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Ambivalent sexism and relationship adjustment among young adult couples: An actor-partner interdependence model

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships ◽

10.1177/02654075211005549 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026540752110055

Author(s):

Mylène Lachance-Grzela ◽

Bingyu Liu ◽

Andréanne Charbonneau ◽

Geneviève Bouchard

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Young Adult ◽

Romantic Relationships ◽

Romantic Relationship ◽

Ambivalent Sexism ◽

Benevolent Sexism ◽

Hostile Sexism ◽

Relationship Adjustment ◽

Actor Partner Interdependence Model

This study examined the associations between ambivalent sexism (i.e., hostile and benevolent sexism) and relationship adjustment in young adult couples by testing an actor-partner interdependence model. The sample was composed of 219 cohabiting heterosexual Canadian couples. The findings suggest that ambivalent sexism plays a role in young adults’ perceptions of the quality of their romantic relationship, but gender differences exist. Women and men who more strongly endorsed hostile sexism tended to report lower relationship adjustment. Women’s hostile sexism was also negatively related to their partners’ relationship adjustment, whereas their benevolent sexism was positively related to their own and their partners’ relationship adjustment. For their part, men’s ambivalent sexism was unrelated to their partners’ relationship adjustment and their benevolent sexism was also unrelated to their own relationship adjustment. The results are discussed in light of the insidious consequences that can accompany ambivalent sexism. Even though hostile sexism functions to protect men’s societal advantages, it comes with costs to their romantic relationships. In contrast, despite the rewards benevolent sexism can bring on the relational level, its endorsement may hinder the attainment of gender equality by encouraging women to invest in their relationship at the expense of independent achievements.

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Intimate Partner Cyberstalking, Sexism, Pornography, and Sexting in Adolescents: New Challenges for Sex Education

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18042181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 2181

Author(s):

Yolanda Rodríguez-Castro ◽

Rosana Martínez-Román ◽

Patricia Alonso-Ruido ◽

Alba Adá-Lameiras ◽

María Victoria Carrera-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Sex Education ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Total Sample ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Ambivalent Sexism ◽

Hostile Sexism ◽

Sexist Attitudes ◽

Information And Communication ◽

And Gender

Background: Within the context of the widespread use of technologies by adolescents, the objectives of this study were to identify the perpetrators of intimate partner cyberstalking (IPCS) in adolescents; to analyze the relationship between IPCS and gender, age, sexting behaviors, pornography consumption, and ambivalent sexism; and to investigate the influence of the study variables as predictors of IPCS and determine their moderating role. Methods: Participants were 993 Spanish students of Secondary Education, 535 girls and 458 boys with mean age 15.75 (SD = 1.47). Of the total sample, 70.3% (n = 696) had or had had a partner. Results: Boys perform more sexting, consume more pornographic content, and have more hostile and benevolent sexist attitudes than girls. However, girls perpetrate more IPCS than boys. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression indicate that hostile sexism is a predictor of IPCS, as well as the combined effect of Gender × Pornography and Benevolent Sexism × Sexting. Conclusions: it is essential to implement sexual affective education programs in schools in which Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are incorporated so that boys and girls can experience their relationships, both offline and online, in an egalitarian and violence-free way.

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Dating Violence Victimization among Adolescents in Europe: Baseline Results from the Lights4Violence Project

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1414

Author(s):

Carmen Vives-Cases ◽

Belén Sanz-Barbero ◽

Alba Ayala ◽

Vanesa Pérez-Martínez ◽

Miriam Sánchez-SanSegundo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dating Violence ◽

Parental Support ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hostile Sexism ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Programs ◽

Probabilistic Sample ◽

Socioeconomic Risk ◽

Main Factor

Dating violence (DV) among adolescents is a public health issue because of its negative health consequences. In this study, we aimed to analyse the prevalence and the psychosocial and socioeconomic risk and protective factors associated DV among male and female adolescents in Europe. It was performed a cross-sectional study based on a non-probabilistic sample of 1555 students aged 13–16 years (2018–2019). The global prevalence of DV victimization was significantly greater among girls than boys (girls: 34.1%, boys: 26.7%; p = 0.012). The prevalence of DV in both girls and boys was greater for those over age 15 (girls: 48.5% p < 0.001; boys: 35.9%; p = 0.019). There was an increased likelihood of DV victimization among girls whose fathers did not have paid employment (p = 0.024), who suffered abuse in childhood, and reported higher Benevolent Sexism [PR (CI 95%): 1.01 (1.00–1.03)] and machismo [1.02 (1.00–1.05)]. In the case of boys, the likelihood of DV increased with abuse in childhood (p = 0.018), lower parental support [0.97 (0.96–0.99)], high hostile sexism scores (p = 0.019), lower acceptance of violence (p = 0.009) and high machismo (p < 0.001). Abuse in childhood was shown to be the main factor associated with being a victim of DV in both population groups, as well as sexism and machismo attitudes. These results may contribute to future DV prevention school programs for both, teenagers and children of elementary school ages.

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