Dating Violence Victimization among Adolescents in Europe: Baseline Results from the Lights4Violence Project

Dating violence (DV) among adolescents is a public health issue because of its negative health consequences. In this study, we aimed to analyse the prevalence and the psychosocial and socioeconomic risk and protective factors associated DV among male and female adolescents in Europe. It was performed a cross-sectional study based on a non-probabilistic sample of 1555 students aged 13–16 years (2018–2019). The global prevalence of DV victimization was significantly greater among girls than boys (girls: 34.1%, boys: 26.7%; p = 0.012). The prevalence of DV in both girls and boys was greater for those over age 15 (girls: 48.5% p < 0.001; boys: 35.9%; p = 0.019). There was an increased likelihood of DV victimization among girls whose fathers did not have paid employment (p = 0.024), who suffered abuse in childhood, and reported higher Benevolent Sexism [PR (CI 95%): 1.01 (1.00–1.03)] and machismo [1.02 (1.00–1.05)]. In the case of boys, the likelihood of DV increased with abuse in childhood (p = 0.018), lower parental support [0.97 (0.96–0.99)], high hostile sexism scores (p = 0.019), lower acceptance of violence (p = 0.009) and high machismo (p < 0.001). Abuse in childhood was shown to be the main factor associated with being a victim of DV in both population groups, as well as sexism and machismo attitudes. These results may contribute to future DV prevention school programs for both, teenagers and children of elementary school ages.

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Dating Violence: Idealization of Love and Romantic Myths in Spanish Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105296 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5296

Author(s):

Adelina Martín-Salvador ◽

Karima Saddiki-Mimoun ◽

María Ángeles Pérez-Morente ◽

María Adelaida Álvarez-Serrano ◽

María Gázquez-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dating Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Romantic Love ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Ambivalent Sexism ◽

Hostile Sexism ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Passionate Love

Dating violence is a significant problem among adolescents. It encompasses a variety of violent behavior, from verbal abuse to physical and sexual abuse, from threats to rape and murder. Among young people, idealization of love and romantic myths are very common as a consequence of our culture and society, which lead them to develop dysfunctional relationships that somehow favor and facilitate partner violence and sexist ideas in daily life. Education is the basic tool to eradicate discrimination and violence against women. The objective of this study is to explore the false myths of romantic love in adolescents and their related factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 16–19-year-old teenagers (n = 180), through questionnaires and by employing the romantic love myths scale, the ambivalent sexism inventory, and the love attitudes scale. Adolescents accepted to a greater degree the love myths associated with idealization than those related to abuse with scale values of Med = 2.72, SD = 0.55, and Med = 1.34, SD = 0.68, respectively. Designed models predict love idealization on the basis of benevolent sexism (β = 0.03; CI 95% = 0.021–0.039), religion (β = 0.198; CI 95% = 0.047–0.349), passionate love (β = 0.038; CI 95% = 0.015–0.061), practical love (β = 0.024; CI 95% = 0.001–0.047), and friendly love (β = 0.036; CI 95% = 0.014–0.058). Hostile sexism and undergraduate studies were associated with the myths that relate love and abuse (β = 0.19; CI 95% = 0.007–0.031, β = 0.208; CI 95% = 0.001–0.414, respectively).

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Epidemiology of needlestick injuries among health-care workers in Awassa City, Southern Ethiopia

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1258/td.2009.090191 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 111-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Moges Tadesse ◽

Takele Tadesse

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Needlestick Injury ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Needlestick Injuries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Workers

Accidental needlestick injuries sustained by health-care workers are a common occupational hazard and a public health issue in health-care settings. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted and 30.9% of health-care workers had experienced at least one needlestick injury in the previous year.

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Nutrition knowledge related to breakfast skipping among Japanese adults aged 18–64 years: a cross-sectional study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018003014 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (06) ◽

pp. 1029-1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mai Matsumoto ◽

Naomi Ishige ◽

Azusa Sakamoto ◽

Aki Saito ◽

Shinji Ikemoto

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nutrition Knowledge ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Knowledge Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Breakfast Skipping ◽

Japanese Adults ◽

Lifestyle Questionnaire ◽

Kanto Region

AbstractObjectiveBreakfast skipping is regarded as a public health issue among adults worldwide. Nutrition knowledge has been reported to be one of predictors of dietary behaviour. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between nutrition knowledge and breakfast skipping.DesignData regarding nutrition knowledge were obtained by using a validated, self-administered general nutrition knowledge questionnaire for Japanese adults (JGNKQ). Participants were classified into three nutrition knowledge level groups according to total JGNKQ score: Low, Middle and High. In addition, participants reported the frequency of meal consumption per week and rated the difficulty in finding time to eat breakfast, lunch and dinner in the lifestyle questionnaire. The differences in frequency of breakfast, lunch and dinner consumption among Low, Middle and High nutrition knowledge groups were determined by using ANCOVA adjusted for potential confounding factors.SettingKanto region, Japan.ParticipantsJapanese adults aged 18–64 years (n1165, 57·3% women).ResultsMean age of the participants was 43·8 (sd8·9) years. There were no significant differences found in the proportion of respondents reporting difficulty in finding time to eat each meal among the three groups. However, the frequency of breakfast consumption was significantly different among Low, Middle and High groups, while lunch and dinner frequency did not differ among the three groups.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that nutrition knowledge level is related to breakfast skipping among Japanese adults.

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Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005944 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (0) ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lúcio Garcia de Oliveira ◽

Letícia Maria de Araújo de Souza ◽

Lúcia Pereira Barroso ◽

Marcela Júlio César Gouvêa ◽

Carlos Vinícius Dias de Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Drug Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Truck Drivers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Application Of Law ◽

Amphetamine Use ◽

Probabilistic Sample ◽

Night Shifts

OBJECTIVE To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for.METHODS Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95%CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05.RESULTS The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74).CONCLUSIONS Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act (“Lei do Descanso”); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil.

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Association between Pre-pregnant Overweight and Obesity and Periodontal Disease during Pregnancy: A Cross Sectional Study

International Journal of Studies in Nursing ◽

10.20849/ijsn.v3i1.207 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Eman Ali Abd El Moaty Sheha ◽

Hanan Elzeblawy Hassan ◽

Wafaa Mostafa Ahmed Gamel

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

University Hospital ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Obese Women ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Background: Obesity is considered а noteworthy public health issue in both developed & developing countries. Among the 1.5 billion overweight individuals worldwide, 300 million of them were obese women. In the general, the prevalence of maternal obesity has increased 60% in the previous two decades with nearly 1 in 3 women now entering pregnancy obese. Also, the periodontаl disease has been observed to be prevalent in pregnant women with the prevalence ranging from 20% to more than 50%, especially economically disadvantaged women.Aim: explore the relation between pre-pregnant overweight and obesity with periodontal disease during pregnancy.Subjects & Methods: cross-sectional study among 400 pregnant women were booked in the high-risk obstetric departments and the antenatal outpatient clinics at governmental general hospitals in El-Fayoum City and governmental university hospital in El-Mansoura city.Results: The mean age of pregnant women was 29.9 ± 6.2 with increase the prevalence of periodontal disease in pregnant women (83.5%). Statistically significant correlation was found between prenatal weight and periodontаl disease during pregnancy (p ≤ 0.0001) with increasing the prevalence of periodontal disease in prenatal obese women (53.2%) and over weight (39.7%) were observed in women who were in their 3rd trimester (р = 0.011). Increase prevalence of periodontal with poor oral hygiene and sedentary activity.Conclusion: increased pre-pregnancy obesity & overweight are positively correlated with periodontal disease prevalence among pregnant women, and Pregnancy itself may also be associated with аn increased risk of periodontal disease.Recommendations: Activating the role of the maternity and community health nurse in branches of Obstetrics and antenatal clinics to enhance pregnant women's knowledge regarding oral health risks of obesity & overweight.

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Prevalence of Domestic Violence Among the Pregnant Women Attending BPKIHS

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.3126/njog.v12i1.18978 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 32-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohan Chandra Regmi ◽

Laxmi Subedi ◽

Ramesh Shrestha ◽

Baburam Dixit ◽

Neha Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Emotional Abuse ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Face To Face ◽

Tertiary Centre ◽

The Family ◽

Antenatal Clinics

Aims: To find out the prevalence of domestic violence in pregnant women attending Antenatal clinics (ANC) of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, a tertiary centre in eastern Nepal.Methods: It was a hospital based cross-sectional study done at antenatal clinics of BPKIHS from 14th March 2015 to 30th August 2015. The total number of recruited antenatal patients was 470. Data were collected by face to face interview via pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.Results: The prevalence of domestic violence among pregnant women was 53.2% of which prevalence of physical domestic violence was 9.6%. The most common person inflicting the domestic violence was husband (23.6%). Emotional abuse was the most common form of domestic violence experienced by the pregnant women (26.8%) and threatening for remarriage was most common emotional violence faced (43.2%). As the age of the pregnant women increases, they tend to have more domestic violence.Conclusions: The prevalence of Domestic Violence among pregnant women seemed alarmingly high in our society. Awareness to the family members and strengthening the women empowerment at community level might play a major role for reducing such violence. Pregnancy-related violence is a serious public health issue.

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Knowledge, attitude and practice study about antibiotics usage among medical undergraduates of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Haryana, India: an observational cross-sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213810 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 5001

Author(s):

Khajan Singh ◽

Brijesh Kumar ◽

Mahender Singh ◽

Preeti .

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) has now become a global health problem. It has significantly increased the mortality and morbidity related to infectious diseases as well as the economic burden due to these infections. There is global consensus on development of new strategies for prevention of antibiotic abuse and hence decreasing the prevalence of ABR. Medical students should be given more education during their undergraduate training regarding antibiotic resistance and appropriate prescribing. Therefore, this study was planned to assess Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about antibiotics usage among medical undergraduates.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was done among 2nd year undergraduate medical students of NC Medical College and Hospital, Israna, Panipat. Data was collected through specifically developed structured questionnaire from 130 students. The data was entered in MS excel 2010 and statistical analysis was done using MS excel 2010 and IBM Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.0.Results: 93.07% (n=121) of the students were aware that antibiotic resistance has become an important and serious global public health issue. The attitude of the students about antibiotic use and resistance was found to be casual and negligent. 21.53% (n=28) of study participants believed that they should take antibiotics when they have cold to prevent from getting a serious illness. 38.46% (n=50) of students considered taking antibiotics whenever they had fever.Conclusions: This study provides useful information about the knowledge, attitudes and the practices of 2nd year undergraduate medical students about antibiotic resistance and usage.

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Perceptions towards a healthy diet among a sample of university people in Portugal

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-10-2017-0205 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 669-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ana Cristina Ferrão ◽

Raquel P.F. Guiné ◽

Paula Correia ◽

Manuela Ferreira ◽

Ana Paula Cardoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Diet ◽

Average Score ◽

Eating Behaviours ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

University Degree ◽

Probabilistic Sample

PurposeA healthy diet has been recognized as one of the most important factors associated with maintaining human health and helping in preventing the development of some chronic diseases. Therefore, this paper aims to study the perceptions of a sample of university people regarding a healthy diet.Design/methodology/approachIt was undertaken a descriptive cross-sectional study on a non-probabilistic sample of 382 participants. The data were collected among a sample of Portuguese university people and measured whether people’s perceptions were compliant with a healthy diet.FindingsThe results revealed that the participants’ perceptions were, in general, compliant with a healthy diet (scores between 0.5 and 1.5, on a scale from −2 to +2). However, significant differences were found between age groups (p= 0.004), with a higher average score for young adults, and also between groups with different levels of education (p= 0.025), with a higher score for university degree. The variable chronic diseases also showed significant differences (p= 0.017), so that people who did not have any chronic diseases obtained a higher score.Originality/valueThis study is considered important because it provides evidences about the relation between nutrition knowledge and the perceptions towards a healthy diet. The study allowed concluding that the participants were aware about some nutritional aspects of their diets and, therefore, their perceptions were compliant with a healthy diet. This finding is very relevant because it could be a support for health policy initiatives directed at promoting healthy eating behaviours.

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Intakes of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients of a population in severe food insecurity risk in Brazil

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019003057 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 649-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stefanie Eugênia dos Anjos Coelho Kubo ◽

Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa ◽

Muriel Bauermann Gubert

Keyword(s):

Food Insecurity ◽

Household Survey ◽

National Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Brazilian Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The One ◽

Probabilistic Sample ◽

National Databases ◽

Fourth Quartile

AbstractObjective:To analyse usual intakes of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients, and their percentage of inadequacy, in a Brazilian population at severe food insecurity (SFI) risk, determined from a predictive model using two national databases.Design:Cross-sectional study. Our study used a statistical model to predict SFI using the 2009 National Sample Household Survey, where the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale measured SFI.Setting:Brazil.Participants:The model was applied in a probabilistic sample of 34 003 Brazilians aged 10 years or older that participated in a national dietary survey during 2008–2009. The application of the model generated the probability of each individual being in SFI. The probability of SFI was grouped into quartiles (first quartile with the lowest SFI risk, fourth quartile with highest probability of SFI risk).Results:The intakes of macro- and micronutrients were associated with SFI. The amount of energy and nutrients in the diet tended to be lower among individuals in the fourth quartile, with highest probability of SFI. The average intake of all studied minerals (Ca, Fe, Na, Mg) was less in individuals in the fourth quartile. Only Na presented a higher percentage of inadequacy in the first quartile, the one with a lower chance of SFI.Conclusions:The food intake of the Brazilian population at higher SFI risk is characterized by energy reduction, reduced consumption of macronutrients and high prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intakes, as well as a lower mean intakes, when compared with the first quartile with the lowest SFI risk.

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Are severe occlusal problems more frequent in permanent than deciduous dentition?

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-89102004000200014 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 247-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Paulo Frazão ◽

Paulo Capel Narvai ◽

Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre ◽

Roberto Augusto Castellanos

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Permanent Dentition ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Deciduous Dentition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sex Type ◽

Probabilistic Sample ◽

Type Of School

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and severity of occlusal problems in populations at the ages of deciduous and permanent dentition and to carry out a meta-analysis to estimate the weighted odds ratio for occlusal problems comparing both groups. METHODS: Data of a probabilistic sample (n=985) of schoolchildren aged 5 and 12 from an epidemiological study in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed using univariate logistic regression (MLR). Results of cross-sectional study data published in the last 70 years were examined in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of occlusal problems increased from 49.0% (95% CI =47.4%-50.6%) in the deciduous dentition to 71.3% (95% CI =70.3%-72.3%) in the permanent dentition (p<0.001). Dentition was the only variable significantly associated to the severity of malocclusion (OR=1.87; 95% CI =1.43-2.45; p<0.001). The variables sex, type of school and ethnic group were not significant. The meta-analysis showed that a weighted OR of 1.95 (1.91; 1.98) when compared the second dentition period with deciduous and mixed dentition. CONCLUSIONS: In planning oral health services, some activities are indicated to reduce the proportion of moderate/severe malocclusion to levels that are socially more acceptable and economically sustainable.

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