Attentional avoidance of emotional stimuli in postpartum women with childhood history of maltreatment and difficulties with emotion regulation.

Emotion ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian England-Mason ◽  
Jennifer Khoury ◽  
Leslie Atkinson ◽  
Geoffrey B. Hall ◽  
Andrea Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
History Of ◽  
Attentional Avoidance

Difficulties with emotion regulation moderate the association between childhood history of maltreatment and cortisol reactivity to psychosocial challenge in postpartum women

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 44-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian England-Mason ◽  
Melissa Kimber ◽  
Jennifer Khoury ◽  
Leslie Atkinson ◽  
Harriet MacMillan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
History Of

Evaluating Risk-Propensity Assessment Methods: Patterns in Repeated Exposure to Emotional Stimuli

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-287
Author(s):  
Sahinya Susindar ◽  
Harrison Wissel-Littmann ◽  
Terry Ho ◽  
Thomas K. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Risk Propensity ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Comparison Results

In studying naturalistic human decision-making, it is important to understand how emotional states shape decision-making processes and outcomes. Emotion regulation techniques can improve the quality of decisions, but there are several challenges to evaluating these techniques in a controlled research context. Determining the effectiveness of emotion regulation techniques requires methodology that can: 1) reliably elicit desired emotions in decision-makers; 2) include decision tasks with response measures that are sensitive to emotional loading; and 3) support repeated exposures/trials with relatively-consistent emotional loading and response sensitivity. The current study investigates one common method, the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART), for its consistency and reliability in measuring the risk-propensity of decision-makers, and specifically how the method’s effectiveness might change over the course of repeated exposures. With the PANASX subjective assessment serving for comparison, results suggest the BART assessment method, when applied over repeated exposures, is reduced in its sensitivity to emotional stimuli and exhibits decision task-related learning effects which influence the observed trends in response data in complex ways. This work is valuable for researchers in decision-making and to guide design for humans with consideration for their affective states.

scholarly journals DHEA Enhances Emotion Regulation Neurocircuits and Modulates Memory for Emotional Stimuli

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1798-1807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca K Sripada ◽  
Christine E Marx ◽  
Anthony P King ◽  
Nirmala Rajaram ◽  
Sarah N Garfinkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Stimuli

Abstract WP186: Pregnancy Associated Hemorrhagic Strokes Differ in Mechanisms and Risk Factors Compared with Hemorrhagic Strokes in Non-pregnant Young Women and Men

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza C Miller ◽  
Kathryn M Sundheim ◽  
Joshua Z Willey ◽  
Amelia K Boehme ◽  
Randolph S Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Stroke Registry ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Cerebral Vasoconstriction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stroke Mechanism

Background: Pregnancy-associated hemorrhagic stroke (HS), while rare, is a significant cause of maternal mortality. Prior studies have suggested that the pathophysiology of HS may differ in pregnant/postpartum women when compared with HS in other young adults. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected stroke registry, for patients aged 18-45, admitted with HS of any type from 01/2008-03/2015. We reviewed charts for study variables, including patient characteristics, risk factors, stroke mechanisms, and outcomes. Good outcome was defined as modified Rankin score of 0-2 at time of discharge. We compared study variables between three groups: pregnant/postpartum women, non-pregnant/postpartum women, and men. Results: Of 219 young adults with HS during the study period, 93 (42%) were men and 126 (58%) were women, of whom 19 (15.1%) were pregnant/postpartum. Among men, 58 (62.4%) had ICH and 41 (33.3%) had SAH, 31 (75.6%) of which were aneurysmal. Among non-pregnant women, 49 (45.8%) had ICH and 61 (57%) had SAH, 53 (87%) of which were aneurysmal. Among pregnant/postpartum women, 10 had ICH (52.6%) and 11 (57.9%) had SAH, 1 of which was aneurysmal. Compared with men and with non-pregnant women, pregnant/postpartum women had fewer vascular risk factors, were more likely to have history of migraine, and were more likely to have the reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome as stroke mechanism (11/19, 57.9% versus 0/93 men and 2/107 non-pregnant women, p=0.0001). While there were no deaths in the pregnant/postpartum group, there were no significant differences between groups in good outcome (Table). Conclusions: In our analysis, pregnancy-associated hemorrhages were uniquely non-aneurysmal and associated with fewer cerebrovascular risk factors than age-matched men and non-pregnant women, suggesting there is a pregnancy-specific pathophysiology for HS that requires special consideration.

scholarly journals Investigation of the progress in the women with gestational diabetes mellitus postpartum

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Thi To Nhu Phan ◽  
Trung Vinh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Matsuda Index ◽  
History Of

Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the uptake of postpartum screening, the prevalence and the risk factors for glucose intolerance in women with a recent history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: All women with a history of GDM are advised to undergo a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) around 6 - 12 weeks postpartum. Indices of insulin sensitivity (the Matsuda index and the reciprocal of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-IR) and an index of beta-cell function, the Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-2 (ISSI-2) were calculated based on the OGTT postpartum. Multivariable logistic regression was used to some factors. Results: Of all women (135) who received an OGTT postpartum, 42.2% (57) had glucose intolerance (11.8% impaired fasting glucose, 24.4% impaired glucose tolerance and 6.0% both impaired fasting and impaired glucose tolerance) and 1.5% (2) had overt diabetes. Compared to women with a normal OGTT postpartum, women with glucose intolerance and diabetes were older (32.5 ± 4.3 vs. 30.8 ± 4.8 years, p = 0.049), were more often obese (34.5% vs. 17.3%, p = 0.023). In the multivariable logistic regression, an EM background [OR = 2.76 (1.15 - 6.62), p = 0.023] and the HbA1c level at the time of the OGTT in pregnancy [OR = 4.78 (1.19 - 19.20), p = 0.028] remained significant predictors for glucose intolerance postpartum. Women with glucose intolerance and diabetes postpartum had a similar insulin sensitivity [Matsuda index 0.656 (0.386 - 1.224) vs. 0.778 (0.532 - 1.067), p = 0.709; HOMA-IR 0.004 (0.002 - 0.009) vs. 0.064 (0.003 - 0.007), p = 0.384] but a lower beta-cell function compared to women with a normal OGTT postpartum, remaining significant after adjustment for confounders [ISSI-2 1.6 (1.2 - 2.1) vs. 1.9 (1.7 - 2.4), p = 0.002]. Conclusions: Glucose intolerance is very frequent in early postpartum in women with GDM these women have an impaired beta-cell function. Nearly one third of women did not attend the scheduled OGTT postpartum and these women have an adverse risk profile. More efforts are needed to engage and stimulate women with GDM to attend the postpartum OGTT.

Intimate Partner Violence and Risk for Depression Among Postpartum Women in Lima, Peru

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Gomez-Beloz ◽  
Michelle A. Williams ◽  
Sixto E. Sanchez ◽  
Nelly Lam
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Experience ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
History Of

A cross-sectional study of 2,317 women who delivered at Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru, was carried out to evaluate risk of depression in relation to maternal experience with intimate partner violence (IPV) before and during pregnancy. Depression severity was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Subset (PHQ-9). The prevalence of IPV during lifetime and pregnancy was 44% and 21%, respectively. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for each level of depression severity associated with history of IPV during pregnancy were: mild 1.4 (1.9–2.3); moderate 2.9 (1.8–4.5); moderately severe 5.5 (3.4–9.2); and severe 9.9 (5.1–19.9). A positive gradient was observed for severity of depression and IPV during pregnancy (trend p < 0.001). Postpartum women who experienced IPV during pregnancy had higher levels of depression severity than did nonabused women.

scholarly journals Engagement and disengagement components of attentional bias to emotional stimuli in anxiety and depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 204380872094375
Author(s):  
Andreas Blicher ◽  
Marie Louise Reinholdt-Dunne ◽  
Morten Hvenegaard ◽  
Clas Winding ◽  
Anders Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Assessment Task ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
Attentional Avoidance ◽  
Engagement And Disengagement

Previous research shows that attentional bias is associated with emotional difficulties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the engagement and disengagement components of attentional bias to emotional stimuli in anxiety and depression using the attentional assessment task. The experimental groups consisted of 54 clinical participants in treatment for anxiety or depression and 54 control participants. The results indicated that the clinical participants showed greater levels of attentional avoidance of emotional stimuli than the control participants. Additional subgroup analyses suggested that this effect may be limited to symptoms of anxiety and not symptoms of depression. Results are discussed in relation to current models of information processing in emotional disorders.

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