Implicit approach–avoidance associations predict leisure-time exercise independently of explicit exercise motivation.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Hannan ◽  
Robyn L. Moffitt ◽  
David L. Neumann ◽  
Eva Kemps
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Time ◽  
Exercise Motivation ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance

Approaching contamination-related stimuli with an implicit Approach-Avoidance Task: Can it reduce OCD symptoms? An online pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricarda Weil ◽  
Ansgar Feist ◽  
Steffen Moritz ◽  
Charlotte E. Wittekind
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance

Stop Pushing Me Away: Relative Level of Facebook Addiction Is Associated With Implicit Approach Motivation for Facebook Stimuli

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 2012-2025 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Juergensen ◽  
Christina Leckfor
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Measure ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Approach Motivation ◽  
Relative Level ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Initial Support ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Facebook Addiction ◽  
Approach And Withdrawal ◽  
And Training

The use of Facebook and other social media sites has increased to the point that some consider it to be a behavioral addiction. Previously, research has used the Approach–Avoidance Task to measure implicit approach and withdrawal tendencies in response to a variety of stimuli, including alcohol, desserts, cigarettes, spiders, and cannabis. When responding to these types of stimuli, individuals typically evidence an approach bias toward appetitive images and a withdrawal bias in response to undesirable and/or fearful stimuli. The present study was designed to test the validity of an adapted version of the Approach–Avoidance Task by investigating how self-reported Facebook addiction tendencies, measured via the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, predicted automatic approach tendencies toward Facebook-related stimuli using the Facebook-Approach–Avoidance Task. Participants with higher self-reported tendencies of Facebook addiction tended to approach Facebook-related stimuli faster. The present study is the first to indicate a relationship between self-reported Facebook addiction tendencies and implicit approach motivation using a behavioral measure. This finding provides initial support for the use of the Facebook-Approach–Avoidance Task as a measure of Facebook addiction, and further validation could lead to the development of additional assessment and training paradigms in the future.

Acute aerobic exercise increases implicit approach motivation for dessert images

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine N May ◽  
Nora L Nock ◽  
Devon Bentley ◽  
Heath A Demaree
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Approach Motivation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Food Images ◽  
Implicit Response

We examined the effect of acute exercise compared to a cognitive task on implicit approach/avoidance motivation to dessert food images using the Dessert–Approach–Avoidance Task. Participants randomized to exercise had a greater increase in approach motivation to dessert images compared to those completing cognitive tasks ( p=0.046), adjusting for disordered eating, task difficulty, and changes in negative affect. This study provides the first evidence for the use of the Dessert–Approach–Avoidance Task to evaluate the effects of acute exercise on implicit motivations for dessert images. Future studies should examine implicit response to food images using the Dessert–Approach–Avoidance Task in response to chronic exercise.

scholarly journals Self-report questionnaires, behavioral assessment tasks, and an implicit behavior measure: do they predict social anxiety in everyday life?

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel L. Kampmann ◽  
Paul M.G. Emmelkamp ◽  
Nexhmedin Morina
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance

Social anxiety is commonly assessed with self-report measures. This study aimed to investigate whether maximum anxiety levels during in vivo and virtual reality behavioral assessment tasks (BATs), and implicit approach-avoidance tendencies during the approach-avoidance task (AAT) explain more variation as predictors of daily social anxiety than self-report measures. A total of 62 university students (Mage = 20.79; SD = 4.91) with high levels of social anxiety completed self-report measures on fear of negative evaluation (FNE-B) as well as fear and avoidance in social situations (Liebowitz social anxiety scale-self report), in vivo and virtual reality BATs, and the AAT (independent variables) in the laboratory. On seven consecutive days, social anxiety, experiential avoidance, and negative social events (dependent variables) were assessed. The results revealed that fear of negative evaluation predicted everyday social anxiety and experiential avoidance. Fear and avoidance in social situations only predicted experiential avoidance. Neither implicit approach-avoidance tendencies during the AAT nor maximum anxiety levels during the in vivo and virtual reality BATs predicted any outcome variable. Our results support the use of self-report questionnaires in the assessment of social anxiety.

“Yummy” versus “Yucky”! Explicit and implicit approach–avoidance motivations towards appealing and disgusting foods

Appetite ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betina Piqueras-Fiszman ◽  
Alexandra A. Kraus ◽  
Charles Spence
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance

Self-Determined to Exercise? Leisure-Time Exercise Behavior, Exercise Motivation, and Exercise Dependence in Youth

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Symons Downs ◽  
Jennifer S. Savage ◽  
Jennifer M. DiNallo
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Time ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Exercise Dependence ◽  
Exercise Motivation ◽  
External Regulation ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Behavior Motivation ◽  
Integrated Regulation ◽  
Youth Study

Background:Scant research has examined the determinants of primary exercise dependence symptoms in youth. Study purposes were to examine sex differences across leisure-time exercise behavior, motivation, and primary exercise dependence symptoms in youth and the extent to which exercise behavior and motivation predicted exercise dependence within the Self-Determination Theory framework.Methods:Adolescents (N = 805; mean age = 15 years; 46% girls) completed measures of exercise behavior, motivation, and exercise dependence in health/PE classes.Results:One-way ANOVA revealed boys scored higher than girls on leisure-time exercise behavior, exercise dependence symptoms, and most of the exercise motivation subscales. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated a) sex, exercise behavior, motivation, and their interaction terms explained 39% of the variance in primary exercise dependence; b) Integrated Regulation and Introjected Regulation were important determinants of exercise dependence; and c) sex moderated the contributions of External Regulation for predicting exercise dependence such that boys in the high and low external regulation groups had higher symptoms than girls in the high and low external regulation groups.Conclusions:These preliminary findings support the controlled dimensions of Integrated Regulation (boys, girls), Introjected Regulation (boys, girls), and External Regulation (boys only) are important determinants of primary exercise dependence symptoms.

scholarly journals Implicit approach‐avoidance tendencies toward food and body stimuli absent in individuals with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and healthy controls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Kollei ◽  
Judith Leins ◽  
Mike Rinck ◽  
Manual Waldorf ◽  
Melanie Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance

scholarly journals Patients with Ventromedial Prefrontal Lesions Show an Implicit Approach Bias to Angry Faces

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Macià Buades-Rotger ◽  
Anne-Kristin Solbakk ◽  
Matthias Liebrand ◽  
Tor Endestad ◽  
Ingrid Funderud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Approach Bias ◽  
Linear Ballistic Accumulator ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Negative Drift ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Damage to the ventromedial PFC (VMPFC) can cause maladaptive social behavior, but the cognitive processes underlying these behavioral changes are still uncertain. Here, we tested whether patients with acquired VMPFC lesions show altered approach–avoidance tendencies to emotional facial expressions. Thirteen patients with focal VMPFC lesions and 31 age- and gender-matched healthy controls performed an implicit approach–avoidance task in which they either pushed or pulled a joystick depending on stimulus color. Whereas controls avoided angry faces, VMPFC patients displayed an incongruent response pattern characterized by both increased approach and reduced avoidance of angry facial expressions. The approach bias was stronger in patients with higher self-reported impulsivity and disinhibition and in those with larger lesions. We further used linear ballistic accumulator modeling to investigate latent parameters underlying approach–avoidance decisions. Controls displayed negative drift rates when approaching angry faces, whereas VMPFC lesions abolished this pattern. In addition, VMPFC patients had weaker response drifts than controls during avoidance. Finally, patients showed reduced drift rate variability and shorter nondecision times, indicating impulsive and rigid decision-making. Our findings thus suggest that VMPFC damage alters the pace of evidence accumulation in response to social signals, eliminating a default, protective avoidant bias and facilitating a dysfunctional approach behavior.

scholarly journals The Self’s Symbolic Role in Implicit Approach/Avoidance: Movement Time Evidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Robinson ◽  
Darya Zabelina ◽  
Ryan Boyd ◽  
Konrad Bresin ◽  
Scott Ode
Keyword(s):  
Movement Time ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance
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