The association between secondary trauma and mental health outcomes among adolescents: Findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey.

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Herzog ◽  
Theresa Fleming ◽  
Frank Ferdik ◽  
Daniel W. Durkin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Trauma ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on mental health outcomes among hospital fever clinic attendants across Nepal: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248684
Author(s):  
Hridaya Raj Devkota ◽  
Tula Ram Sijali ◽  
Ramji Bogati ◽  
Meraj Ahmad ◽  
Karuna Laxmi Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Programs ◽  
The Impact

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has been creating a panic and distressing situations among the entire population globally including Nepal. No study has been conducted assessing the psychological impact of this pandemic on the general public in Nepal. The objective of this study is to assess the mental health status during COVID-19 outbreak and explore the potential influencing factors among the population attending the hospital fever clinics with COVID–19 symptoms. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted between May—June, 2020 with a sample of 645 participants aged 18 and above in 26 hospitals across Nepal. Telephone interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire along with a validated psychometric tool, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS-21) scale. The metrics and scores of symptoms and their severity were created and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association of potential covariates with outcome variables. Results The prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress were 14%, 7% and 5% respectively. In reference to Karnali, participants from Bagmati province reported higher level of anxiety (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.31–9.06), while stress (OR 4.27, 95% CI 1.09–18.32) and depressive symptoms (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.05–9.23) observed higher among the participants in Province 1. Women were more at risk of anxiety (OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.83–6.36) than men. Similarly, people currently living in rented houses reported more stress (OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.05–8.43) and those living far from family reported higher rates of depressive symptoms (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.03–11.46). Conclusion The study identified increased prevalence of stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms during the initial stage of COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal. Considering the findings, there is urgent need to develop and implement appropriate community-based mental health programs targeting individuals who have had COVID-19 symptoms and who are prone to develop adverse mental health outcomes.

Pubertal Suppression for Transgender Youth and Risk of Suicidal Ideation

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Jack L. Turban ◽  
Dana King ◽  
Jeremi M. Carswell ◽  
Alex S. Keuroghlian
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Benefits ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues are commonly prescribed to suppress endogenous puberty for transgender adolescents. There are limited data regarding the mental health benefits of this treatment. Our objective for this study was to examine associations between access to pubertal suppression during adolescence and adult mental health outcomes. METHODS Using a cross-sectional survey of 20 619 transgender adults aged 18 to 36 years, we examined self-reported history of pubertal suppression during adolescence. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined associations between access to pubertal suppression and adult mental health outcomes, including multiple measures of suicidality. RESULTS Of the sample, 16.9% reported that they ever wanted pubertal suppression as part of their gender-related care. Their mean age was 23.4 years, and 45.2% were assigned male sex at birth. Of them, 2.5% received pubertal suppression. After adjustment for demographic variables and level of family support for gender identity, those who received treatment with pubertal suppression, when compared with those who wanted pubertal suppression but did not receive it, had lower odds of lifetime suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio = 0.3; 95% confidence interval = 0.2–0.6). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study in which associations between access to pubertal suppression and suicidality are examined. There is a significant inverse association between treatment with pubertal suppression during adolescence and lifetime suicidal ideation among transgender adults who ever wanted this treatment. These results align with past literature, suggesting that pubertal suppression for transgender adolescents who want this treatment is associated with favorable mental health outcomes.

scholarly journals Mental Health Outcomes in Healthcare Workers in COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Care Units: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Belgium

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Tiete ◽  
Magda Guatteri ◽  
Audrey Lachaux ◽  
Araxie Matossian ◽  
Jean-Michel Hougardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Professional Fulfillment

BackgroundThe literature shows the negative psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on frontline healthcare workers. However, few are known about the mental health of physicians and nurses working in general hospitals during the outbreak, caring for patients with COVID-19 or not.ObjectivesThis survey assessed differences in mental health in physicians and nurses working in COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 medical care units.DesignA cross-sectional mixed-mode survey was used to assess burnout, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress.SettingA total of 1,244 physicians and nurses from five general hospitals in Belgium, working in COVID-19 care units (CCU), non-COVID-19 care units (NCCU), or both (CCU + NCCU) were informed of the study.ParticipantsSix hundred forty-seven healthcare workers participated in the survey (response rate = 52%).MeasurementsValidated instruments were used to assess the outcomes: the PFI (burnout/professional fulfillment), the ISI (insomnia), and the DASS-21 (depression, anxiety, and stress).ResultsResults showed high prevalence of burnout, insomnia, depression, and anxiety among participants. After adjusting for confounders, multivariate analysis of variance showed no differences between CCU, NCCU, and CCU + NCCU workers. Univariate general linear models showed higher level of burnout, insomnia, and anxiety among nurses in comparison to physicians. Being a nurse, young, isolated, with an increased workload were risk factors for worse mental health outcomes.LimitationsThe mental health of the tested sample, before the outbreak, is unknown. Moreover, this cross-sectional design provides no information on the evolution of the mental health outcomes over time.ConclusionDirectly caring for patients with COVID-19 is not associated with worse mental health outcomes among healthcare workers in general hospitals. High prevalence of burnout, insomnia, depression, and anxiety among physicians and nurses requires special attention, and specific interventions need to be implemented.Protocol RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04344145.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health outcomes among hospital fever clinic attendants across Nepal: A community-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hridaya Raj Devkota ◽  
Tula Ram Sijali ◽  
Ramji Bogati ◽  
Meraj Ahmad ◽  
Karuna Laxmi Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background: The COVID 19 pandemic has been creating a panic and distressing situations among the entire population globally including Nepal. No study has been conducted assessing the psychological impact of this pandemic on the general public in Nepal. The objective of this study is to assess the mental health status during COVID 19 outbreak and explore the potential influencing factors among the population attending the hospital fever clinics with COVID 19 symptoms. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted between May to June, 2020 with a sample of 645 participants aged 18 and above in 26 hospitals across Nepal. Telephone interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire along with a validated psychometric tool, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS21) scale. The metrics and scores of symptoms and their severity were created and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association of potential covariates with outcome variables. Results: The prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress were 14%, 7% and 5% respectively. Participants from Bagmati province reported higher level of anxiety (OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.42 10.59), while stress (OR 4.78, 95% CI 1.09 21.29) and depressive symptoms (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.10 10.35) observed higher among the participants in Province 1. Women were more at risk of anxiety (OR 4.26, 95% CI 2.21 8.20) and depression (2.75, 95% CI 1.16 6.51) than men. Similarly, people with primary level education found more prone to all factors, stress (OR 20.35, 95% CI 2.06 201.19), anxiety (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.24 7.91), and depression (OR 4.41, 95% CI 1.29 15.07). More farmers than labors showed higher odds (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.01 5.01) for anxiety, while individuals surveyed who reported their health status as poor-had higher odds (OR 5.95, 95% CI 1.08 32.68) for depression. Also, people currently living in rented houses reported more stress (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.07 9.05) and those living far from family reported higher rates of depressive symptoms (OR 3.57, 95% CI 1.01 12.58). Conclusion: The study identified increased prevalence of stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms during the initial stage of COVID 19 pandemic in Nepal. Considering the findings, there is urgent need to develop and implement appropriate community-based mental health programs targeting individuals who have had COVID 19 symptoms and who are prone to develop adverse mental health outcomes. Key words: COVID 19, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Pandemic, Public Health, Nepal

scholarly journals Burnout and Resilience in Community Pharmacists in Qatar during the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeana Samir Alkudsi ◽  
Nadin Hany Kamel ◽  
Alla El-Awaisi ◽  
Mujahed M A Shraim ◽  
Maguy ElHajj
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: The main aim of this study is to illustrate the prevalence of burnout and resilience among community pharmacists in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study design that included the collection and analysis of quantitative data from community pharmacists in Qatar using a cross-sectional survey. Results: Overall, participants had a moderate level of burnout as illustrated in the mean scores of the three dimensions; 22.11±13.053 for emotional exhaustion, 7.17±6.55 for depersonalization, and 35.94±11.47 for personal accomplishment. The findings demonstrated that 15.2%, 15.6%, and 5.4% of community pharmacists had moderate levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Further, they showed high resilience (35.7±8.57). Mental health outcomes were statistically positively correlated with fear while age was negatively correlated with depersonalization. Conclusion: This study is the first study to report the prevalence of mental health outcomes among community pharmacists during COVID-19 in Qatar. The pharmacists experienced moderate burnout but high resilience which indicates their high potential to overcome difficulties. Future interventions at the personal, national and organizational levels are needed to improve mental health during this pandemic by preventing and managing stress, improving self-efficacy and resilience, and providing adequate social support.

scholarly journals Coping strategies and mental health outcomes of conflict-affected persons in the Republic of Georgia

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Saxon ◽  
N. Makhashvili ◽  
I. Chikovani ◽  
M. Seguin ◽  
M. McKee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Republic

Aims.Adults who experienced the 1992 and 2008 armed conflicts in the Republic of Georgia were exposed to multiple traumatic events and stressors over many years. The aim was to investigate what coping strategies are used by conflict-affected persons in Georgia and their association with mental disorders.Method.A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 3600 adults, representing internally displaced persons (IDPs) from conflicts in the 1990s (n = 1200) and 2008 (n = 1200) and former IDPs who returned to their homes after the 2008 conflict (n = 1200). Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety and coping strategies were measured using the Trauma Screening Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalised Anxiety and adapted version of the Brief Coping Inventory, respectively. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used.Results.Coping strategies such as use of humour, emotional support, active coping, acceptance and religion were significantly associated with better mental health outcomes. Coping strategies of behavioural and mental disengagement, denial, venting emotions, substance abuse and gambling were significantly associated with poorer mental health outcomes. The reported use of coping strategies varied significantly between men and women for 8 of the 15 strategies addressed.Conclusions.Many conflict-affected persons in Georgia are still suffering mental health problems years after the conflicts. A number of specific coping strategies appear to be associated with better mental health and should be encouraged and supported where possible.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Internalized Stigma and Shame on the Relationship between COVID-19 Related Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes among Back-to-School Students in Wuhan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9237
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Ling Zheng ◽  
Hong Le ◽  
Lijun Zhuo ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Internalized Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Outbreaks of an epidemic, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), always brings about far-ranging discrimination and stigmatization to the epicenter. This was a cross-sectional survey conducted to assess experienced discrimination, internalized stigma, shame, and mental health (anxiety, depression, distress, insomnia) among college students who merely had a perceived linkage with COVID-19, and explore the linkage between discrimination and negative mental health outcomes through the mediating effects of shame and internalized stigma. A total of 995 participants (53% female) were involved in this study, in which 40.9% of college students were reported to be discriminated against because of their experience in Wuhan. The experience of COVID-19-related discrimination is indirectly associated with anxiety, depression, and insomnia, in which shame and internalized stigma play a complete mediating effect. Meanwhile, it is both directly and indirectly associated with distress through shame and internalized stigma. The findings of this study suggest that COVID-19-related discrimination is associated with shame and internalized stigma, which in turn predict psychological symptoms over time.

scholarly journals Self-reported mental health status of pregnant women in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Fung Chung ◽  
Ewa Andersson ◽  
Hsuan-Ying Huang ◽  
Ganesh Acharya ◽  
Simone Schwank
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acute Stress Reaction

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to unprecedented worries and challenges for pregnant women due to social restrictions and changes in maternity care provision. We aimed to investigate the mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women in Sweden and explore factors associated with poor perinatal mental health in this specific context. Method: This was a nation-wide cross-sectional survey of pregnant women living in Sweden. Validated questionnaires were distributed through non-profit organizations´ websites and social media channels from May 2020 to February 2021. Perinatal depression, anxiety, and acute stress reaction were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7) and Impact Event Scale (Revised)(IES-R), respectively. Sociodemographic characteristics and self-perceived mental well-being were also obtained. Factors associated with mental health outcomes were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Among a total of 522 participants, 42.5% (n=222) reported depression (EPDS ≥13), 25.3% (n=132) moderate to severe anxiety (GAD-7 score≥10), and 23.4% (n=122) moderate to severe acute stress reaction (IES-R ≥33). 27.4% participants (n=143, 27.4%) expressed concerns regarding their mental well-being during the pandemic. Pregnant mothers who had sick family members reported more severe poor mental health outcomes than those who did not (median [Interquartile range (IQR)] EPDS scores: 14.0 [8.75 – 18.0] vs 10.0 [6.0 – 14.0], p<.001; median [IQR] GAD7 scores: 7.0 [4.0 – 12.25] vs 5.0 [3.0 – 9.0], p<.001; median (IQR) IES-R scores: 20.0 [9.0 – 38.0] vs 15.0 [7.0 – 28.0], p=.008). Logistic regression analyses revealed that risk factors for poor mental health outcomes were having a sick family member with any illness, unemployment, giving birth, and experiencing an exceptional stressful life event. Having a higher educational level, younger age, and changing career during the pandemic were protective. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety were highly prevalent among pregnant women in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic, indicating a need for professional mental health support for this vulnerable group of population. Unemployment was an associated risk factor whereas younger age and higher educational level were protective suggesting an important role of socio-economic factors in modulating the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal mental health.

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