Marine Biology in the Pacific

В Тихоокеанском океанологическом институте (ТОИ) ДВО РАН с 2012 г. ведутся разработки и исследования возможностей технологий стационарного подводного видеонаблюдения. Развернуты три подводныхкомплекса: два в бухте Алексеева (о-в Попова) и один в бухте Витязь (зал. Посьета). К настоящему времени накоплены значительные объемы информации в виде моментальных снимков и видеозаписей подводныхсцен. Разработаны интерфейсы для предоставления этой информации пользователям по каналам сети Интернет. Разработаны технологии поддержки работы территориально разнесенных экспертов, составляющихбиологические описания видеоматериалов, подобных тем, которые разрабатываются в ведущих зарубежныхорганизациях по морской биологии. Разработаны и апробированы методики оценивания по видеоинформации параметров жизнедеятельности некоторых видов морских гидробионтов. Благодаря непрерывностинаблюдения зафиксировано нескольких редких случаев, представляющих интерес для морских биологов. Разработаны и апробированы методики оценивания гидрологических характеристик среды на основе анализавидеотрансляций с подводных камер. Эти результаты представляются важными в контексте сопровождениянаблюдений за жизнедеятельностью морской биоты данными о внешних условиях, в которых она происходит. Продемонстрирована возможность использования звукового канала камер для регистрации и анализаакустических шумов от морских судов. Продемонстрирована возможность применения подводных видеокомплексов для организации экспериментов по изучению реакции морских гидробионтов на воздействие целенаправленных физических сигналов.Since 2012, the Pacific Oceanological Institute of FarEastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science has beendeveloping and studying the capabilities of technologies ofstationary underwater video surveillance. Three of the underwatercomplexes have been deployed in different waterareas: two in the Alekseev Bay (Popova Island) and one inVityaz Bay (Posyet Gulf). At this point, complexes have accumulateda significant amount of data in the form of snapshotsand video recordings of underwater scenes, which canbe accessed through designed Internet-based interfaces. Allthe surveillance systems contain technologies as a support ofthe work of geographically dispersed experts involved in thebiological description of video materials, similar to ones developedin leading worldwide marine biology organizations.Besides, the estimation of vital parameters of some marinelife species by the video recordings can be performed usingdeveloped and tested methods. Thanks to continuous observation,the designed systems have already recorded severalrare cases of interest for marine biologists. Hydrologicalcharacteristics of surrounding media can be studied usingdeveloped and tested methods of analysis of video streamingfrom underwater cameras. These results are especially crucialfor accompanying observations of the vital activity ofmarine organisms with data on external conditions in whichthey occur. Cameras built-in audio channels can be used forrecording and analyzing noises of marine vessels. Designedunderwater video complexes provide an opportunity forconducting experiments on studying the reaction of marineorganisms to dedicated physical signals.

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Morphological and genetic evaluation of the thumbprint emperor, Lethrinus harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23740.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 915

Author(s):

Muhammad Afrisal ◽

Yukio Iwatsuki ◽

Andi Iqbal Burhanuddin

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Genetic Distance ◽

Marine Biology ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Morphometric Character ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

The Pacific

Background: The Lethrinidae (emperors) include many important food fish species. Accurate determination of species and stocks is important for fisheries management. The taxonomy of the genus Lethrinus is problematic, for example with regards to the identification of the thumbprint emperor Lethrinus harak. Little research has been done on L. harak diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric and genetic characters of the thumbprint emperor, L. harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Methods: This research was conducted in the Marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, and Division of Fisheries Science, University of Miyazaki. Morphometric character measurements were based on holotype character data, while genetic analysis was performed on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence data. Morphometric data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) statistical tests in MINITAB, and genetic data were analysed in MEGA 6. Results: Statistical test results based on morphometric characters revealed groupings largely representative of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The Seychelles was separated from other Indian Ocean sites and Australian populations were closer to the Pacific than the Indian Ocean group. The genetic distance between the groups was in the low category (0.000 - 0.042). The phylogenetic topology reconstruction accorded well with the morphometric character analysis, with two main L. harak clades representing Indian and Pacific Ocean, and Australia in the Pacific Ocean clade. Conclusions: These results indicate that the morphological character size of L. harak from Makassar and the holotype from Saudi Arabia have changed. Genetic distance and phylogeny reconstruction are closely related to low genetic distance.

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Morphological and genetic evaluation of the thumbprint emperor, Lethrinus harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23740.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 915

Author(s):

Muhammad Afrisal ◽

Yukio Iwatsuki ◽

Andi Iqbal Burhanuddin

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Marine Biology ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Morphometric Character ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

The Pacific

Background: The Lethrinidae (emperors) include many important food fish species. Accurate determination of species and stocks is important for fisheries management. The taxonomy of the genus Lethrinus is problematic, for example with regards to the identification of the thumbprint emperor Lethrinus harak. Little research has been done on L. harak diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric and genetic characters of the thumbprint emperor, L. harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Methods: This research was conducted in the Marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, and Division of Fisheries Science, University of Miyazaki. Morphometric character measurements were based on holotype character data, while genetic analysis was performed on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence data. Morphometric data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) statistical tests in MINITAB, and genetic data were analysed in MEGA 6. Results: Statistical test results based on morphometric characters revealed groupings largely representative of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The Seychelles was separated from other Indian Ocean sites and Australian populations were closer to the Pacific than the Indian Ocean group. The genetic distance between the groups was in the low category (0.000 - 0.042). The phylogenetic topology reconstruction accorded well with the morphometric character analysis, with two main L. harak clades representing Indian and Pacific Ocean, and Australia in the Pacific Ocean clade. Conclusions: These results indicate that geographical and environmental factors can affect the morphometric and genetic characteristics of L. harak.

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Marine biology of the pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus

Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries ◽

10.1007/s11160-019-09578-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 767-788 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Benjamin J. Clemens ◽

Laurie Weitkamp ◽

Kevin Siwicke ◽

Joy Wade ◽

Julianne Harris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Biology ◽

Pacific Lamprey ◽

The Pacific ◽

Entosphenus Tridentatus

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A new species of Metaruncina (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Runcinida) from Vietnam with a discussion on the so-called rudimentary radula in runcinids

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4974.1.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4974 (1) ◽

pp. 197-200

Author(s):

ALEXEI V. CHERNYSHEV

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Pacific Ocean ◽

Coastal Waters ◽

Marine Biology ◽

Pacific Coast ◽

Common Species ◽

Scientific Center ◽

The Pacific ◽

The Pacific Ocean ◽

A New Species

Marine heterobranch slugs of the order Runcinida comprise 61 species, most of which inhabit the Atlantic Ocean and are referred to the genus Runcina. The Runcinida of the Pacific Ocean have been much less studied to date: only 12 species, from the genera Metaruncina Baba, 1967, Rfemsia Chernyshev, 1999, Runcinida Burn, 1963, Runcinella Odhner, 1924, Pseudoilbia M. C. Miller & Rudman, 1968, and Runcina Forbes [in Forbes and Hanley], 1851, have been described from the region. Metaruncina, Rfemsia, and Runcinida are found in the Pacific Ocean only (Baba 1954, 1967; Burn 1963; Gosliner 1991; Chernyshev 1998, 1999, 2005, 2006). The genus Metaruncina, endemic from the Pacific coast of Asia, includes two species: M. setoensis (Baba, 1954) and M. nhatrangensis Chernyshev, 2005. The latter is the only runcinid described from the coastal waters of the South China Sea, where it was found in the bays of Nha Trang and Van Phong (Chernyshev 2005). During subsequent expeditions to the coastal waters of Vietnam, this species was also recorded from off Tho Chu Island (09°19’N, 103°30’E) and off Nam Du Island (09°43′ N, 104°23′ E). However, in addition to this common species, an undescribed species of Metaruncina was collected. A description of this new species is provided in the present paper. Type material was deposited at the Museum of the A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia (MIMB).

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MORPHOLOGY OF EGGS CRASSICAUDA SP. FROM FECES OF PACIFIC BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN (TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS GILLII)

10.31016/978-5-9902341-5-4.2020.21.203-206 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 203-206

Author(s):

Loginova ◽

Suvorova ◽

Bondar

Keyword(s):

Light Microscope ◽

Bottlenose Dolphin ◽

Tursiops Truncatus ◽

Marine Biology ◽

Urogenital System ◽

The Pacific ◽

Egg Membrane ◽

Egg Morphology ◽

Flotation Method ◽

Biology Laboratory

Initially, eggs Crassicauda sp. were found in the feces of the Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus gillii), which expands our knowledge of this nematode’s tropism, since crassicauda mainly inhabits the urogenital system or muscles. The material was volunteered from spontaneously infested 7-year-old female using a sterile disposable gastric tube Suyun (Unicorn Med) at Moskvarium. Feces were studied in the Center for Oceanography and Marine Biology laboratory (Moscow) by a direct smear method using Mikmed-5 light microscope (LOMO) and in the Laboratory for Study of Parasitic Diseases at the premises of the V.L. Yakimov Department of Parasitology of the St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine (St. Petersburg) using the crushed drop method and simple flotation method with Darling’s solution and further microscopy of temporary preparations in the Mikmed-6 light microscope (LOMO). Along with the morphometrically equal thickness of the multilayer egg membrane, the elongated part of the intact egg was optically inhomogeneous, which was even more noticeable in a damaged egg. Eggs with polar concavities of the inner layer and all of the layers of the membrane were found. The egg morphology indicates pliability of the polar structures of the membrane, which may be important when the larva emerges.

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The Philological Association of The Pacific Coast

PMLA ◽

10.1017/s0030812900130597 ◽

1935 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 1373-1374

Keyword(s):

Annual Meeting ◽

Pacific Coast ◽

Stanford University ◽

The Pacific

The thirty-seventh annual meeting of the Philological Association of the Pacific Coast was held at Stanford University, California, on November 29 and 30, 1935.

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A scanning electron microscopic study of the veliger larvae of the scallop argopecten purpuratus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100103486 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 284-285

Author(s):

G.C. Bellolio ◽

K.S. Lohrmann ◽

E.M. Dupré

Keyword(s):

Morphological Description ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽

The Pacific ◽

Argopecten Purpuratus ◽

Veliger Larvae ◽

20 Nm ◽

Ethanol Series ◽

Scanning Electron

Argopecten purpuratus is a scallop distributed in the Pacific coast of Chile and Peru. Although this species is mass cultured in both countries there is no morphological description available of the development of this bivalve except for few characterizations of some larval stages described for culture purposes. In this work veliger larvae (app. 140 pm length) were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to study some aspects of the organogenesis of this species.Veliger larvae were obtained from hatchery cultures, relaxed with a solution of MgCl2 and killed by slow addition of 21 glutaraldehyde (GA) in seawater (SW). They were fixed in 2% GA in calcium free artificial SW (pH 8.3), rinsed 3 times in calcium free SW, and dehydrated in a graded ethanol series. The larvae were critical point dried and mounted on double scotch tape (DST). To permit internal view, some valves were removed by slightly pressing and lifting the tip of a cactus spine wrapped with DST, The samples were coated with 20 nm gold and examined with a JEOL JSM T-300 operated at 15 KV.

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