СИСТЕМЫ СТАЦИОНАРНОГО ПОДВОДНОГО ВИДЕОНАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ПРИБРЕЖНЫХ АКВАТОРИЙ

В Тихоокеанском океанологическом институте (ТОИ) ДВО РАН с 2012 г. ведутся разработки и исследования возможностей технологий стационарного подводного видеонаблюдения. Развернуты три подводныхкомплекса: два в бухте Алексеева (о-в Попова) и один в бухте Витязь (зал. Посьета). К настоящему времени накоплены значительные объемы информации в виде моментальных снимков и видеозаписей подводныхсцен. Разработаны интерфейсы для предоставления этой информации пользователям по каналам сети Интернет. Разработаны технологии поддержки работы территориально разнесенных экспертов, составляющихбиологические описания видеоматериалов, подобных тем, которые разрабатываются в ведущих зарубежныхорганизациях по морской биологии. Разработаны и апробированы методики оценивания по видеоинформации параметров жизнедеятельности некоторых видов морских гидробионтов. Благодаря непрерывностинаблюдения зафиксировано нескольких редких случаев, представляющих интерес для морских биологов. Разработаны и апробированы методики оценивания гидрологических характеристик среды на основе анализавидеотрансляций с подводных камер. Эти результаты представляются важными в контексте сопровождениянаблюдений за жизнедеятельностью морской биоты данными о внешних условиях, в которых она происходит. Продемонстрирована возможность использования звукового канала камер для регистрации и анализаакустических шумов от морских судов. Продемонстрирована возможность применения подводных видеокомплексов для организации экспериментов по изучению реакции морских гидробионтов на воздействие целенаправленных физических сигналов.Since 2012, the Pacific Oceanological Institute of FarEastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science has beendeveloping and studying the capabilities of technologies ofstationary underwater video surveillance. Three of the underwatercomplexes have been deployed in different waterareas: two in the Alekseev Bay (Popova Island) and one inVityaz Bay (Posyet Gulf). At this point, complexes have accumulateda significant amount of data in the form of snapshotsand video recordings of underwater scenes, which canbe accessed through designed Internet-based interfaces. Allthe surveillance systems contain technologies as a support ofthe work of geographically dispersed experts involved in thebiological description of video materials, similar to ones developedin leading worldwide marine biology organizations.Besides, the estimation of vital parameters of some marinelife species by the video recordings can be performed usingdeveloped and tested methods. Thanks to continuous observation,the designed systems have already recorded severalrare cases of interest for marine biologists. Hydrologicalcharacteristics of surrounding media can be studied usingdeveloped and tested methods of analysis of video streamingfrom underwater cameras. These results are especially crucialfor accompanying observations of the vital activity ofmarine organisms with data on external conditions in whichthey occur. Cameras built-in audio channels can be used forrecording and analyzing noises of marine vessels. Designedunderwater video complexes provide an opportunity forconducting experiments on studying the reaction of marineorganisms to dedicated physical signals.

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Morphological and genetic evaluation of the thumbprint emperor, Lethrinus harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23740.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 915

Author(s):

Muhammad Afrisal ◽

Yukio Iwatsuki ◽

Andi Iqbal Burhanuddin

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Genetic Distance ◽

Marine Biology ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Morphometric Character ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

The Pacific

Background: The Lethrinidae (emperors) include many important food fish species. Accurate determination of species and stocks is important for fisheries management. The taxonomy of the genus Lethrinus is problematic, for example with regards to the identification of the thumbprint emperor Lethrinus harak. Little research has been done on L. harak diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric and genetic characters of the thumbprint emperor, L. harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Methods: This research was conducted in the Marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, and Division of Fisheries Science, University of Miyazaki. Morphometric character measurements were based on holotype character data, while genetic analysis was performed on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence data. Morphometric data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) statistical tests in MINITAB, and genetic data were analysed in MEGA 6. Results: Statistical test results based on morphometric characters revealed groupings largely representative of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The Seychelles was separated from other Indian Ocean sites and Australian populations were closer to the Pacific than the Indian Ocean group. The genetic distance between the groups was in the low category (0.000 - 0.042). The phylogenetic topology reconstruction accorded well with the morphometric character analysis, with two main L. harak clades representing Indian and Pacific Ocean, and Australia in the Pacific Ocean clade. Conclusions: These results indicate that the morphological character size of L. harak from Makassar and the holotype from Saudi Arabia have changed. Genetic distance and phylogeny reconstruction are closely related to low genetic distance.

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Surveillance System Evaluations Provide Evidence to Improve Public Health Practice

Online Journal of Public Health Informatics ◽

10.5210/ojphi.v7i1.5959 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Beverley J. Paterson ◽

David N. Durrheim

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Public Health Practice ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Health Practice ◽

Outbreak Response ◽

Local Public Health ◽

Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽

The Pacific ◽

Surveillance Practice

Surveillance evaluations of surveillance systems should provide evidence to improve public health practice. In response to surveillance evaluation findings amongst Pacific Island Countries and Territories that identified a critical need to better equip local public health officials with skills to rapidly appropriately respond to suspected infectious disease outbreaks across the Pacific, the RAPID (Response and Analysis for Pacific Infectious Diseases) project was implemented to strengthen capacity in surveillance, epidemiology and outbreak response. The RAPID project is a notable example of how evidence gathered through a surveillance evaluation can be used to improve public health surveillance practice.

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Morphological and genetic evaluation of the thumbprint emperor, Lethrinus harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23740.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 915

Author(s):

Muhammad Afrisal ◽

Yukio Iwatsuki ◽

Andi Iqbal Burhanuddin

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Marine Biology ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Morphometric Character ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

The Pacific

Background: The Lethrinidae (emperors) include many important food fish species. Accurate determination of species and stocks is important for fisheries management. The taxonomy of the genus Lethrinus is problematic, for example with regards to the identification of the thumbprint emperor Lethrinus harak. Little research has been done on L. harak diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric and genetic characters of the thumbprint emperor, L. harak (Forsskål, 1775) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Methods: This research was conducted in the Marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, and Division of Fisheries Science, University of Miyazaki. Morphometric character measurements were based on holotype character data, while genetic analysis was performed on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence data. Morphometric data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) statistical tests in MINITAB, and genetic data were analysed in MEGA 6. Results: Statistical test results based on morphometric characters revealed groupings largely representative of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The Seychelles was separated from other Indian Ocean sites and Australian populations were closer to the Pacific than the Indian Ocean group. The genetic distance between the groups was in the low category (0.000 - 0.042). The phylogenetic topology reconstruction accorded well with the morphometric character analysis, with two main L. harak clades representing Indian and Pacific Ocean, and Australia in the Pacific Ocean clade. Conclusions: These results indicate that geographical and environmental factors can affect the morphometric and genetic characteristics of L. harak.

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Gender, health and ageing in Fiji: a mixed methods analysis

International Journal for Equity in Health ◽

10.1186/s12939-021-01529-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca Dodd ◽

Janani Shanthosh ◽

Thomas Lung ◽

Aporosa Robaigau ◽

Mai Ling Perman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Health Services ◽

Access To Health Care ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Healthy Ageing ◽

System Response ◽

Middle Income ◽

Geographically Dispersed ◽

The Pacific

Abstract Background Women are disadvantaged by ageing: older women are more likely than older men to suffer from ill-health, have less access to health care and suffer discrimination within the health care system. Globally, there is a dearth of health research on gender and ageing with substantial knowledge gaps in low and middle-income country contexts. Part of a wider investigation on health and ageing in Fiji, our objective was to identify and describe gendered differences in healthy ageing in this Pacific Island context. We believe this to be the first such study in the Pacific region. Methods Applying a health systems lens, we used a mixed-methods approach, encompassing analysis of cause of death data; focus group discussion to gather community and family attitudes to health services; and policy analysis, and then used data triangulation techniques to draw out key themes and insights. Results We found that gender affects health outcomes among older persons, attitudes towards and experience of healthy ageing, and an older person’s access to and use of health services. We also found that while Fiji’s policy response to ageing has recognised the importance of gender, to-date there has been limited action to address gender differences. Gender (as oppose to sex differences) has direct and indirect implications for the health of older Fijians, while gendered inequalities and patriarchal norms appear to affect both men and women’s experience of ageing and the health system response. Further, gender and age discrimination may be intersecting, intensifying their separate effects. Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility and importance of applying a gender lens to the study of healthy ageing. Our findings from Fiji may be relevant to other island nations in the south Pacific which share similar challenges of population ageing, a constrained health budget and geographically-dispersed populations. The data triangulation methodology may be considered an efficient and insightful way to examine gendered responses to healthy ageing elsewhere.

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Marine biology of the pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus

Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries ◽

10.1007/s11160-019-09578-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 767-788 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Benjamin J. Clemens ◽

Laurie Weitkamp ◽

Kevin Siwicke ◽

Joy Wade ◽

Julianne Harris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Biology ◽

Pacific Lamprey ◽

The Pacific ◽

Entosphenus Tridentatus

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Transitioning from Print to Online-Only Resources

Library Science and Administration ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-3914-8.ch009 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 175-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ann Glusker ◽

Elisa Hoelscher

Keyword(s):

Physical Space ◽

Easy Access ◽

Geographically Dispersed ◽

Medical Library ◽

The Pacific ◽

Short Time Span ◽

User Expectations ◽

Pacific Health ◽

Short Time ◽

Loan System

The Pacific Health Organization's Medical Library transitioned from its holdings being entirely in print to entirely online in an extremely short time span—the bulk of the process happened in less than six months. Leadership interests and support drove this transition, as did cost concerns and the interest in providing equal access to a geographically dispersed staff. Flexible staff that was able to adapt to new roles and a robust interlibrary loan system made the change possible. There were initial costs, but on the whole, there were mostly benefits to the change, financial and otherwise. Patron reception was more negative among those with less comfort in the digital environment, but most adjusted well. Ongoing challenges include marketing and maintaining patron awareness without a physical space, meeting user expectations for quick and easy access and information, and keeping up to date with emerging technologies, such as applications for mobile devices.

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Transitioning from Print to Online-Only Resources

Cases on Electronic Records and Resource Management Implementation in Diverse Environments - Advances in Information Quality and Management ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-4466-3.ch014 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 226-242

Author(s):

Ann Glusker ◽

Elisa Hoelscher

Keyword(s):

Physical Space ◽

Easy Access ◽

Geographically Dispersed ◽

Medical Library ◽

The Pacific ◽

Short Time Span ◽

User Expectations ◽

Pacific Health ◽

Short Time ◽

Loan System

The Pacific Health Organization’s Medical Library transitioned from its holdings being entirely in print to entirely online in an extremely short time span—the bulk of the process happened in less than six months. Leadership interests and support drove this transition, as did cost concerns and the interest in providing equal access to a geographically dispersed staff. Flexible staff that was able to adapt to new roles and a robust interlibrary loan system made the change possible. There were initial costs, but on the whole, there were mostly benefits to the change, financial and otherwise. Patron reception was more negative among those with less comfort in the digital environment, but most adjusted well. Ongoing challenges include marketing and maintaining patron awareness without a physical space, meeting user expectations for quick and easy access and information, and keeping up to date with emerging technologies, such as applications for mobile devices.

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A new species of Metaruncina (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Runcinida) from Vietnam with a discussion on the so-called rudimentary radula in runcinids

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4974.1.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4974 (1) ◽

pp. 197-200

Author(s):

ALEXEI V. CHERNYSHEV

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Pacific Ocean ◽

Coastal Waters ◽

Marine Biology ◽

Pacific Coast ◽

Common Species ◽

Scientific Center ◽

The Pacific ◽

The Pacific Ocean ◽

A New Species

Marine heterobranch slugs of the order Runcinida comprise 61 species, most of which inhabit the Atlantic Ocean and are referred to the genus Runcina. The Runcinida of the Pacific Ocean have been much less studied to date: only 12 species, from the genera Metaruncina Baba, 1967, Rfemsia Chernyshev, 1999, Runcinida Burn, 1963, Runcinella Odhner, 1924, Pseudoilbia M. C. Miller & Rudman, 1968, and Runcina Forbes [in Forbes and Hanley], 1851, have been described from the region. Metaruncina, Rfemsia, and Runcinida are found in the Pacific Ocean only (Baba 1954, 1967; Burn 1963; Gosliner 1991; Chernyshev 1998, 1999, 2005, 2006). The genus Metaruncina, endemic from the Pacific coast of Asia, includes two species: M. setoensis (Baba, 1954) and M. nhatrangensis Chernyshev, 2005. The latter is the only runcinid described from the coastal waters of the South China Sea, where it was found in the bays of Nha Trang and Van Phong (Chernyshev 2005). During subsequent expeditions to the coastal waters of Vietnam, this species was also recorded from off Tho Chu Island (09°19’N, 103°30’E) and off Nam Du Island (09°43′ N, 104°23′ E). However, in addition to this common species, an undescribed species of Metaruncina was collected. A description of this new species is provided in the present paper. Type material was deposited at the Museum of the A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia (MIMB).

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