Ancient HLA genes from 7,500-year-old archaeological remains

This chapter explores the funerary rites in the Phoenician-Punic world from a comprehensive point of view, and it focuses on the common points arising from a large amount of data. The concern for burying their deceased and the belief in the soul’s afterlife show that the Phoenicians considered death as a transformation rather than as the end of a person’s life. Through our access to archaeological remains and written sources, we can reconstruct the existence of a meaningful burial program that was destined to provide a “good death” and afterlife. Funerary rituals, thus, are the actions or gestures to achieve this goal. The aim of this chapter is to explain the rites that family members undertook once someone died, in order to transform correctly the deceased person into an otherworldly being, the ancestor. The social implications of the data arising from burials are also briefly considered.

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Case–control study of the association between select HLA genes and anti-erythropoietin antibody-positive pure red-cell aplasia

Pharmacogenomics ◽

10.2217/14622416.9.2.157 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 157-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Bonnie Fijal ◽

Deborah Ricci ◽

Els Vercammen ◽

Peter A Palmer ◽

Fotis Fotiou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Pure Red Cell Aplasia ◽

Case Control ◽

Red Cell ◽

Red Cell Aplasia ◽

Hla Genes ◽

Control Study

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Virtual Sound Field of the Roman Theatre of Malaca

Acoustics ◽

10.3390/acoustics3010008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 78-96

Author(s):

Javier Alayón ◽

Sara Girón ◽

José A. Romero-Odero ◽

Francisco J. Nieves

Keyword(s):

3D Model ◽

Sound Field ◽

Acoustic Properties ◽

Archaeological Remains ◽

Roman Emperor ◽

Stone Surface ◽

Process Adjustment ◽

Decay Parameters ◽

The Hill ◽

The City

In Hispania (present-day Spain and Portugal), there are 25 structures documented of classical Roman open-air theatres, of which 10 are in the south, in the Roman Baetica (Andalusia). The Baetica embraced the progress of urbanisation in the time of the Roman emperor Augustus, where theatres, built in stone, were the foci of entertainment, performance, and propaganda of the empire. The Roman theatre in Malaga presents the archaeological remains of the main vestige of the Roman Malaca. It is located in the historical centre of the city, at the foot of the hill of the Muslim Alcazaba and was discovered in 1952. It is a medium-sized theatre whose design corresponds to a mixed construction that combines making use of the hillside for the terraces, in the manner of Greek theatres, with a major construction where rock is non-existent, thereby creating the necessary space for the stands. In this paper, the production process, adjustment, and validation of the 3D model of the theatre are analysed for the creation of a numerical predictive model of its sound field. Acoustic properties of the venue are examined and the effect of the Muslim Alcazaba and the hillside on the various acoustic descriptors is analysed. The results highlight the influence of this large stone surface mainly on the time decay parameters.

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Identification of domestic chicken bones in archaeological sites

Chinese Archaeology ◽

10.1515/char-2020-0018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 193-200

Author(s):

Hui Deng ◽

Jun Li

Keyword(s):

Domestic Chicken ◽

Primary Data ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Morphological Identification ◽

Archaeological Remains ◽

Bone Morphology ◽

Archaeological Evidence ◽

Advance Research ◽

Place Of Origin ◽

Future Work

AbstractIn recent years, with the participation of genetics and other disciplines, the controversy on the origins of the domestic chicken has returned. As the resource of primary data, archaeology plays an extremely important role in this dispute. Taking an archaeological standpoint, this paper aims to establish a set of bone morphological identification standards for domestic chicken bones unearthed at archaeological remains, beginning with the bone morphology as the most basic but also the least studied aspect. By this set of standards, we reanalyze available chicken bone materials and relevant pictorial and textual materials for domestic chicken candidate samples as mentioned by previous scholars. The results show that no confirmed domestic chicken bones have been found in China’s early to mid-Holocene remains to date; meanwhile, there is no substantial archaeological evidence to support China as the earliest place of origin of domestic chicken. Future work seeking to advance research on the origin of the domestic chicken should first pay proper attention to the archaeological background; only continuing scientific analyses and exploration on the origin of domestic chicken based on scientific morphological identification will prove the most convincing methodology.

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Eliciting Historical Thinking: The Use of Archaeological Remains in Secondary Education

Public Archaeology ◽

10.1080/14655187.2021.1904369 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Georgia Kouseri

Keyword(s):

Secondary Education ◽

Historical Thinking ◽

Archaeological Remains

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Immunity and mental illness: findings from a Danish population-based immunogenetic study of seven psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders

European Journal of Human Genetics ◽

10.1038/s41431-019-0402-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 1445-1455 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ron Nudel ◽

Michael E. Benros ◽

Morten Dybdahl Krebs ◽

Rosa Lundbye Allesøe ◽

Camilla Koldbæk Lemvigh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽

Association Studies ◽

Human Leukocyte ◽

Population Based ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Small Samples ◽

Hla Association ◽

Hla Genes

AbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes encode proteins with important roles in the regulation of the immune system. Many studies have also implicated HLA genes in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, these studies usually focus on one disorder and/or on one HLA candidate gene, often with small samples. Here, we access a large dataset of 65,534 genotyped individuals consisting of controls (N = 19,645) and cases having one or more of autism spectrum disorder (N = 12,331), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (N = 14,397), schizophrenia (N = 2401), bipolar disorder (N = 1391), depression (N = 18,511), anorexia (N = 2551) or intellectual disability (N = 3175). We imputed participants’ HLA alleles to investigate the involvement of HLA genes in these disorders using regression models. We found a pronounced protective effect of DPB1*1501 on susceptibility to autism (p = 0.0094, OR = 0.72) and intellectual disability (p = 0.00099, OR = 0.41), with an increased protective effect on a comorbid diagnosis of both disorders (p = 0.003, OR = 0.29). We also identified a risk allele for intellectual disability, B*5701 (p = 0.00016, OR = 1.33). Associations with both alleles survived FDR correction and a permutation procedure. We did not find significant evidence for replication of previously-reported associations for autism or schizophrenia. Our results support an implication of HLA genes in autism and intellectual disability, which requires replication by other studies. Our study also highlights the importance of large sample sizes in HLA association studies.

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