Fatty Pancreas, Insulin Resistance, and β-Cell Function: A Population Study Using Fat-Water Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Wai-Sun Wong ◽  
Grace Lai-Hung Wong ◽  
David Ka-Wai Yeung ◽  
Jill M Abrigo ◽  
Alice Pik-Shan Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Fatty Pancreas ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Noninvasive assessment of pancreatic β-cell function in vivo with manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (3) ◽  
pp. E573-E578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick F. Antkowiak ◽  
Sarah A. Tersey ◽  
Jeffrey D. Carter ◽  
Moriel H. Vandsburger ◽  
Jerry L. Nadler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Glucose Challenge ◽  
Β Cell Function

Loss of β-cell function in type 1 and type 2 diabetes leads to metabolic dysregulation and inability to maintain normoglycemia. Noninvasive imaging of β-cell function in vivo would therefore provide a valuable diagnostic and research tool for quantifying progression to diabetes and response to therapeutic intervention. Because manganese (Mn2+) is a longitudinal relaxation time (T1)-shortening magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent that enters cells such as pancreatic β-cells through voltage-gated calcium channels, we hypothesized that Mn2+-enhanced MRI of the pancreas after glucose infusion would allow for noninvasive detection of β-cell function in vivo. To test this hypothesis, we administered glucose and saline challenges intravenously to normal mice and mice given high or low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. Serial inversion recovery MRI was subsequently performed after Mn2+ injection to probe Mn2+ accumulation in the pancreas. Time-intensity curves of the pancreas (normalized to the liver) fit to a sigmoid function showed a 51% increase in signal plateau height after glucose stimulation relative to saline ( P < 0.01) in normal mice. In diabetic mice given a high dose of STZ, only a 9% increase in plateau signal intensity was observed after glucose challenge ( P = not significant); in mice given a low dose of STZ, a 20% increase in plateau signal intensity was seen after glucose challenge ( P = 0.02). Consistent with these imaging findings, the pancreatic insulin content of high- and low-dose STZ diabetic mice was reduced about 20-fold and 10-fold, respectively, compared with normal mice. We conclude that Mn2+-enhanced MRI demonstrates excellent potential as a means for noninvasively monitoring β-cell function in vivo and may have the sensitivity to detect progressive decreases in function that occur in the diabetic disease process.

Effects of Ovariectomy on Insulin Resistance and β-Cell Function and Mass

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373
Author(s):  
Soo-Bong Choi ◽  
Chun-Hee Park ◽  
Dong-Wha Jun ◽  
Jin-Sun Jang ◽  
Sun-Min Park
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with insulin resistance and β-cell function in a healthy Chinese female population

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1070-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-fang Tao ◽  
Zeng Zhang ◽  
Yao-hua Ke ◽  
Jin-wei He ◽  
Wen-zhen Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Healthy Chinese

scholarly journals Maternal high-fat diet induces insulin resistance and deterioration of pancreatic β-cell function in adult offspring with sex differences in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. E1163-E1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Yokomizo ◽  
Toyoshi Inoguchi ◽  
Noriyuki Sonoda ◽  
Yuka Sakaki ◽  
Yasutaka Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Plasma Estradiol ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Intrauterine environment may influence the health of postnatal offspring. There have been many studies on the effects of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on diabetes and glucose metabolism in offspring. Here, we investigated the effects in male and female offspring. C57/BL6J mice were bred and fed either control diet (CD) or HFD from conception to weaning, and offspring were fed CD or HFD from 6 to 20 wk. At 20 wk, maternal HFD induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in offspring. Additionally, liver triacylglycerol content, adipose tissue mass, and inflammation increased in maternal HFD. In contrast, extending previous observations, insulin secretion at glucose tolerance test, islet area, insulin content, and PDX-1 mRNA levels in isolated islets were lower in maternal HFD in males, whereas they were higher in females. Oxidative stress in islets increased in maternal HFD in males, whereas there were no differences in females. Plasma estradiol levels were lower in males than in females and decreased in offspring fed HFD and also decreased by maternal HFD, suggesting that females may be protected from insulin deficiency by inhibiting oxidative stress. In conclusion, maternal HFD induced insulin resistance and deterioration of pancreatic β-cell function, with marked sex differences in adult offspring accompanied by adipose tissue inflammation and liver steatosis. Additionally, our results demonstrate that potential mechanisms underlying sex differences in pancreatic β-cell function may be related partially to increases in oxidative stress in male islets and decreased plasma estradiol levels in males.

scholarly journals Common Risk Factors in Relatives and Spouses of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Developing Prediabetes

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Wei-Hao Hsu ◽  
Chin-Wei Tseng ◽  
Yu-Ting Huang ◽  
Ching-Chao Liang ◽  
Mei-Yueh Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Tyg Index ◽  
Β Cell Function

Prediabetes should be viewed as an increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated its prevalence among the relatives and spouses of patients with type 2 diabetes or risk factors for prediabetes, insulin resistance, and β-cell function. A total of 175 individuals were included and stratified into three groups: controls, and relatives and spouses of type 2 diabetic patients. We compared clinical characteristics consisting of a homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta cell function (HOMA-β), a quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), and triglyceride glucose (TyG) index. After a multivariable linear regression analysis, the relative group was independently correlated with high fasting glucose, a high TyG index, and low β-cell function; the relatives and spouses were independently associated with a low QUICKI. The relatives and spouses equally had a higher prevalence of prediabetes. These study also indicated that the relatives had multiple factors predicting the development of diabetes mellitus, and that the spouses may share a number of common environmental factors associated with low insulin sensitivity.

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