An assessment of combined tumour markers in patients with seminoma: placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and β human chorionic gonadotrophin (β HCG)

ABSTRACT Material with the immunochemical characteristics of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is produced by bladder tumour cells in vitro and in vivo. In order to characterize this material further, media were collected from 17 cell cultures (three choriocarcinomas, seven bladder carcinomas and seven 'normal' urothelium). The hCG-like material was compared with pregnancy hCG and purified α- and β-subunits by specific radioimmunoassays. Media were also submitted to affinity chromatography and the fractions further analysed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. It was shown that both the neoplastic and normal urothelium produced only free β-subunit-like material. This urothelial 'β-hCG' has the same molecular weight and electrophoretic mobility as that present in the intact hCG of pregnancy.

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Performance of free β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (free β-hCG) and pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) analysis between Delfia Xpress and AutoDelfia systems in The Netherlands

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm.2009.042 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ingeborg H. Linskens ◽

Marieke Levitus ◽

Anneke Frans ◽

Peter C.J.I. Schielen ◽

John M.G. van Vugt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Screening Program ◽

Medical Center ◽

Protein A ◽

First Trimester ◽

Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Β Hcg

Abstract: The VU University Medical Center (VUmc) was the first hospital in the Netherlands to introduce the Delfia Xpress for the analysis of free β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in the first trimester screening program for Down syndrome. Since then, others have implemented this system. In this study, we tested the equality of measurements for free β-hCG and PAPP-A between Delfia Xpress systems and one AutoDelfia system.: A total of 40 serum samples were aliquoted and stored at –20°C. Samples were analyzed by six Delfia Xpress systems and one AutoDelfia system over a time period of 2 years.: The relationships between free β-hCG and PAPP-A were excellent for the different Delfia Xpress systems (r>0.99, p<0.0001). For PAPP-A, the agreement between the main system at VUmc and five other systems was linear with slopes between 0.99 and 1.06. Similarly, agreement for free β-hCG was linear with slopes between 0.99 and 1.09. Likewise, agreement for PAPP-A and free β-hCG was excellent for the AutoDelfia vs. the main Delfia Xpress at the VUmc (r>0.99, p<0.0001). For both PAPP-A and free β-hCG, the relationships were linear with slopes of 1.08 and 1.07.: We demonstrate an excellent agreement for the analysis of PAPP-A and free β-hCG between Delfia Xpress systems and one AutoDelfia system.Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:222–6.

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A transcervical amniotic fluid collector: a new medical device for the assessment of amniotic fluid in patients with ruptured membranes

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2014-0276 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Seung Mi Lee ◽

Roberto Romero ◽

Joong Shin Park ◽

Piya Chaemsaithong ◽

Jong Kwan Jun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Medical Device ◽

Strong Correlation ◽

Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

New Device ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Β Hcg ◽

Prelabor Rupture Of Membranes

AbstractTo describe a new device for the transcervical collection of amniotic fluid (AF) in patients with ruptured membranes, and to compare the concentration of proteins in fluid retrieved by transabdominal amniocentesis and the transcervical AF collector.Paired AF samples were collected in patients with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) (n=11) by transabdominal amniocentesis and with the transcervical AF collector (Yoon’s AF Collector™). Three proteins known to have high concentrations in AF [α-fetoprotein (AFP), β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG), and prolactin] were measured.(1) There was a significant correlation between the concentrations of analytes in AF obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis and by the transcervical AF collector (r=0.94, P<0.001 for AFP; r=0.96, P<0.001 for β-hCG; r=0.72, P<0.05 for prolactin); (2) Bland-Altman plots showed no evidence of heteroscedasticity between transabdominal or transcervical AF concentrations of these markers.There was a strong correlation between the concentrations of proteins in AF collected by amniocentesis or with the transcervical device.

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Human chorionic gonadotrophin and subunit composition of maternal serum and coelomic and amniotic fluids in the first trimester of pregnancy

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.1350563 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 135 (3) ◽

pp. 563-569 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

R. K. Iles ◽

N. C. Wathen ◽

D. J. Campbell ◽

T. Chard

Keyword(s):

First Trimester ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Subunit Composition ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Coelomic Fluid ◽

Α Subunit ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Β Hcg

ABSTRACT Sixteen matched samples of first trimester amniotic fluid (AF), extraembryonic coelomic fluid (EECF) and maternal serum (MS) were assayed for intact human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and free subunits. Total β-hCG (free β-subunit and intact hCG) levels in the EECF (median 410 kIU/l) were 61 times greater than levels in AF (median 6·73 kIU/l) and 2·8 times greater than in MS (median 141·5 kIU/l). Levels of intact hCG in the EECF (median 245 kIU/l) were 142 times greater than in AF (median 1·73 kIU/l) and 1·6 times greater than in MS (median 157 kIU/l). Free α-subunit levels in EECF (median 17·3 mg/l) were 66 times greater than in AF (median 0·262 mg/l) and 12 times greater than in MS (median 1·3 mg/l). Virtually all of the total β-hCG immunoreactivity in MS can be attributed to intact hCG, but only 60% of total β-hCG in the EECF and 20% of that in AF can be accounted for by the intact hormone. In both EECF and AF the free α-subunit was a major constituent; on a molar basis the ratio of free α:free β:intact hCG was 1:1·2:0·3 in AF, 1:0·6:0·5 in EECF and 1:0:5 in MS. Chromatography of MS, EECF and AF on Sephadex G-100 confirmed the hCG and subunit composition of the fluids. On the basis of these findings it seems likely that previous studies showing very high levels of hCG in AF during the first trimester may have incorrectly sampled the EECF. In reality, the levels of total hCG (and free subunits) are low in the AF, and only 20% is intact hCG. In both AF and EECF the free subunits may have been derived by dissociation of intact hormone, or possibly by independent synthesis. These and other findings suggest that either the amnion acts as a barrier to the transfer of proteins or that there may be dynamic removal from this compartment. By contrast, the EECF might act as a relatively stable reservoir for these proteins. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 135, 563–569

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The functional regeneration of syncytiotrophoblast in cultured explants of term placenta

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.4.r1116 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 280 (4) ◽

pp. R1116-R1122 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

C. M. Simán ◽

C. P. Sibley ◽

C. J. P. Jones ◽

M. A. Turner ◽

S. L. Greenwood

Keyword(s):

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Culture System ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Ang Ii ◽

Placental Function ◽

Culture Time ◽

Functional Regeneration

We have investigated the functional characteristics of term human placental villous explants kept in long-term (7–11 days) culture. Fragments of placental villous tissue (∼5–10 mg wet wt) were cultured in supplemented CMRL-1066 culture medium for up to 11 days. After the first day of culture, the syncytiotrophoblast appeared vacuolated and eventually degenerated. However, a new syncytiotrophoblast developed by day 4, being indistinguishable from that of a fresh placenta by 11 days. Release of human chorionic gonadotrophin increased and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in culture medium decreased with culture time. Transport variables were measured over the first 7 days of culture. Basal86Rb efflux was reduced with time in culture and was inhibited by Ba2+, suggesting the efflux was mediated by K+ channels. At all stages of culture, 86Rb efflux was stimulated by ATP, hyposmotic medium, and ANG II. A complex pattern of efflux changes with culture time and type of stimulator was observed, suggesting that several compartments of the tissue contributed to stimulated efflux. This culture system provides opportunities for studies of chronic regulation of placental function.

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Enhancement of ectopic β-human chorionic gonadotrophin expression by interferon-α

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.1230501 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 123 (3) ◽

pp. 501-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

R. K. Iles ◽

T. Chard

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Bladder Tumour ◽

Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Interferon Α ◽

Reproductive Endocrine ◽

Hcg Secretion ◽

Ectopic Production ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Β Hcg

ABSTRACT Treatment of three β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG)-expressing bladder tumour cell lines with interferon-α (IFN-α) (5000 U/per 106 cells) enhanced the rate of β-hCG secretion from 34·2 ±0·9 to 102·5 ± 0·1 mIU/106 cells per 72 h in cell line 5637; 111·15 ± 11·75 to 261·8± 51·75 mIU/106 cells per 72 h in cell line RT112 and 503·25 ± 28·55 to 1361·65± 110·3 mIU/106 cells per 72 h in cell line SCaBER. IFN-γ had no effect on the rate of β-hCG secretion. Both interferons reduced the growth rate of the cells: incorporation of radiolabelled thymidine was reduced by 15–45% in the presence of IFN-α and by 20–53% with IFN-γ. Enhancement of β-hCG secretion by IFN-α was dose-dependent over the range 5–50 000 U/106 cells. Analysis of cell cycle profiles by flow cytometry showed no increase in the proportion of cells in the G0G1 phase in cultures treated with IFN-α. The conceptus of some species produces substances which are either luteotrophic or anti-luteolytic. In sheep, the corpus luteum is maintained by ovine trophoblast protein-I, which has been shown to have structural homology with human IFN-α. In primates and a few other higher mammals, early pregnancy is maintained by chorionic gonadotrophin. IFN-α is also an early product of the human conceptus. We have now shown that IFN-α enhances the ectopic production of the β-subunit of hCG by bladder tumour cells. This study suggests a direct transcription/translational effect of this cytokine on the expression of a reproductive endocrine gene. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 123, 501–507

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METABOLISM OF EXOGENOUS HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN IN MEN

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0800083 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 83-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

J. R. SOWERS ◽

A. E. PEKARY ◽

J. M. HERSHMAN ◽

M. KANTER ◽

J. J. DISTEFANO

Keyword(s):

Renal Clearance ◽

Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽

Commercial Preparation ◽

Exclusion Chromatography ◽

Biological Potency ◽

The Mean ◽

Β Hcg ◽

Normal Men ◽

Higher Doses

The immunoreactivity of a commercial preparation of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was determined in a homologous double antibody radioimmunoassay for HCG using antisera to the β-subunit of the hormone. The immunoreactivity of the commercial HCG was found to be 2·2 ± 0·3 (mean ± 2 s.d.) times the biological potency. Exclusion chromatography of the commercial HCG and then curve resolution of the elution profile derived from the radioimmunoassay revealed that on a molar basis, 21% of the immunoreactivity was attributable to β-HCG. The rate of clearance of this preparation of HCG from the plasma after intravenous administration was determined as a function of the dose administered to ten normal men (age 36–64 years). The doses ranged from 10 000 to 300 000 i.u. immunological potency. The rate of clearance decreased significantly (r = 0·574, P< 0·05) with increasing doses of HCG from a mean of 786 ml/h at the lowest dose to a mean of 298 ml/h at the highest dose. The renal clearance of administered HCG also decreased with increasing doses; the mean renal clearance of the 10 000 i.u. dose was 3·6 times the mean renal clearance after administration of 200 000 i.u. When the accumulated urinary HCG was expressed as a percentage of the dose administered, 14·1% of the 10 000 i.u. dose and 9·8% of the higher doses accumulated in the urine, suggesting that non-renal clearance increased with increasing dose.

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