scholarly journals Total antioxidant status and oxidative DNA damage in a South Indian population of essential hypertensives

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Subash ◽  
K Premagurumurthy ◽  
A Sarasabharathi ◽  
K M Cherian
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Total Antioxidant

scholarly journals A study of the Oxidative stress and Antioxidant status in diabetic subjects who are on treatment with Metformin

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Manju Koshy ◽  
Palocaren Jeeji ◽  
Sethupathy S
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Group I ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Group 1

Background: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DM and its complications. However, antioxidant status and its contribution to type 2 DM are less explored in South Indian population. Metformin, is a biguanide anti hyperglycemic agent used for the management of type 2 diabetes. Aim:  To study the alteration in oxidant and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic subjects on treatment with Metformin and to evaluate the effect of metformin in improving the total antioxidant status. Methodology: In this cross sectional study, all subjects were T2DM patients, on metformin monotherapy (500 mg, bd) and were grouped into two - Group 1 and Group 2 for the study purpose, based on their HbA1c values. Baseline parameters (B.P, Waist Hip ratio, BMI, family history), glycemic status, lipid profile, FRAP, TBARS and serum Metformin levels were assayed. Fasting and postprandial blood specimens were collected and plasma glucose concentrations were measured by standard methods. Fasting plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. Oxidative stress was evaluated and measured as TBARS and the values were compared among the two groups. Results: TBARS levels were higher and FRAP levels were significantly lower in Group I subjects compared to Group II subjects and can be explained due to increased superoxide ions and reduced activity of S. O. D. Conclusion: It may be concluded that total antioxidant status is lower in type 2 diabetic subjects of Group 1 category compared to diabetic subjects in the Group 2 and it may be related to the beneficial effects of the biguanide, Metformin.

Oxidative DNA damage and total antioxidant status in rats during experimental gram-negative sepsis

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Kaymak ◽  
E Kadioglu ◽  
E Ozcagli ◽  
G Osmanoglu ◽  
S Izdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

Sepsis and septic shock remains as leading cause of death in adult intensive care units. It is widely accepted that gram-negative bacteria and their endotoxins cause sepsis and septic shock, predominantly. Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species may be responsible for tissue injury in septic shock and endotoxemia. The aim of this study was to assess oxidative DNA damage and the total antioxidant status (TAS) in peripheral lymphocytes of rats during different intraperitoneal gram-negative sepsis stages. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into four groups. Control group was intraperitoneally inoculated with 2 mL of pyrogene-free saline (Group I, n = 6), and the other rats received an intraperitoneal inoculum with 2 mL of saline containing 2 × 108 CFU of Escherichia coli. The animals were killed at time zero (Group I, n = 6), at 6th (Group II, n = 7), 12th (Group III, n = 7), and 24th (Group IV, n = 7) hour after the E. coli inoculation. Oxidative DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of rats was evaluated by modified comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis). Formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg) and Endonuclease III (Endo III) were used to detect oxidized purines and pyrimidines, respectively. Total antioxidant quantification was carried out using ABTS+ (2,2′-Azino-di-[3 ethylbenzthiazoline sulphonate]) radical formation kinetics (Randox kit) in serum samples. Significant elevations of basal levels of strand breaks (SB) in Group IV were observed as compared with Group I, II, and III. There was a significant increase in Fpg sites in Group III as compared with Group I and II. However, there was no significant difference in terms of Endo III sites in any of the groups. Although the TAS was decreased with the stages of sepsis, this moderate decrease was significant in only Group IV as compared with Group I. There was no statistically significant correlation between DNA damage and TAS for any of the groups.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF MTHFR A1298C GENE VARIANT, DNA DAMAGE, AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS WITH THE RISK OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS COMPLICATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Nithya K ◽  
Isabel W ◽  
Angeline T ◽  
Priscilla A.s. ◽  
Asirvatham A.j.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Mthfr A1298c ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Objectives: We have examined the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene A1298C variant, DNA damage, and total antioxidant status (TAS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and without complications and in healthy controls.Methods: A total of 300 subjects including 100 patients with complications, 100 patients without complications, and 100 controls were included. TAS was assessed by ferric reducing ability of plasma assay. DNA damage was analyzed in lymphocytes using the comet assay. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed to study the MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphism among the study subjects.Results: The results revealed that the MTHFR 1298 AC+CC genotypes were associated with increased risk (2 fold) for diabetes and its complications. When the effect of DNA damage was analyzed, significant differences between individuals with mutant and normal genotype among the diabetic patients (with and without complications) was observed (p≤0.001). In contrary, no significant difference was found between TAS and 1298 genotypes (AA vs. AC+CC) in Type 2 diabetes patients (with and without complications), p=0.338. We also found a significant difference between the genotypes of the MTHFR A1298C and DNA damage, TAS in T2DM patients (with & without complications) when compared to controls, p<0.001.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphism is considered as a risk factor for the development of diabetes and its complications among south Indians. Therefore, increased DNA damage and decreased TAS along with the occurrence of a mutant genotype in an individual with diabetes may be at an increased risk for the development of chronic complications.

scholarly journals Association between a marker of sperm DNA damage and sperm indices in infertile males in Benin City, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilyas Yusuf ◽  
Mathias Abiodun Emokpae
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Mean

Background: Studies have shown oxidative DNA damage is associated with male infertility. Objective: This study determines the levels of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and some markers of oxidative stress in seminal fluid of males investigated for infertility and men of proven fertility in Benin City, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Semen samples produced by self or assisted masturbation were analyzed by microscopic technique according to the World Health Organization guidelines. Thereafter, samples were centrifuged and seminal fluid plasma separated and stored at -20°C prior to assay for 8-OHdG and oxidative stress biomarkers. Based on the sperm concentration/count, the overall samples were grouped into the following categories: normospermia (n = 20), oligozoospermia (n = 30), and azoospermia (n = 20). The control group comprised of 30 age-matched males of proven fertility. The seminal fluid 8-OHdG, total antioxidant status, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed through ELISA and spectrophotometric methods, respectively. Results: Seminal plasma level of 8-OHdG and MDA were significantly higher (p = 0.01) in infertile subjects than controls. The mean levels of 8-OHdG and MDA in infertile subjects were higher in azoospermia than oligospermia than normospermia and so, was least in the normospermia. Conversely, the mean levels of total antioxidant status and superoxide dismutase were significantly lower (p = 0.01) in infertile than fertile the control male subjects with levels higher in normospermia than oligospermia and least in azoospermia. Moreover, the seminal 8-OHdG correlated negatively with sperm count (r = -0.359, p = 0.01), percent motility (r = -0.388, p = 0.04), and percent morphology (r = -0.327, p = 0.02). Conclusion: The assessment of sperm DNA damage in addition to routine seminal fluid analysis may play an important role in specific diagnosis and management of male infertility. Key words: Male, Semen, Antioxidants, Sperm count, DNA damage.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF DNA STRAND BREAKS AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT COMPLICATIONS- A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
K Nithya ◽  
Isabel W ◽  
Angeline T ◽  
Priscilla As ◽  
Asirvatham Aj
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Total Antioxidant

 Objective: To evaluate the total antioxidant status (TAS) and the extent of DNA strand breaks (damage) as a measure of oxidative stress biomarkers in Type 2 diabetic patients (with and without complications) and controls.Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=100 with complications and n=100 without complications) and 100 healthy individuals. Oxidative DNA damage was evaluated using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Total antioxidant status was assessed by Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) assay.Results: TAS was found to be significantly lower in type 2 diabetic patients (with and without complications) compared to controls (p< 0.001).  Similarly, patients with complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus had significantly lower TAS when compared to diabetic patients (p= 0.007). DNA damage analysis showed that the extent of damage was high in patients with diabetes mellitus (with and without complications) compared to controls (p< 0.001). Fasting glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin level (HbA1c) was found to be significantly higherin diabetic patients than controls (p< 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that there is no association between age, duration, sugar level, HbA1c, TAS and DNA damage in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: Alterations in TAS and the extent of DNA damage was observed in patients with complications of diabetes mellitus indicate that oxidative stress is more in patients with complications when compared to patients without complications and healthy individuals. Therefore, further DNA damage and onset of complications in Type 2 diabetes mellitus could be prevented by counteracting the oxidative stress by therapeutic interventions using appropriate antioxidants.Key words: Hyperglycemia, Oxidative stress, DNA damage, Total antioxidant status, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Vascular complication

scholarly journals Evaluation of oxidant-antioxidant balance and DNA damage in blood of patients with cancer of the head and neck under the influence of copper(II) complex: Preliminary studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 382-390
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Malinowska ◽  
Alina Morawiec-Sztandera ◽  
Małgorzata Majczyk ◽  
Dariusz Kaczmarczyk ◽  
Anna Merecz-Sadowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cancer Symptoms

Introduction: The primary aim of this research was to evaluate the oxidative stress markers and the level of oxidative DNA damage in the pathogenesis of head and neck cancer. Materials/Methods: Sixty-two subjects matched for age and gender, including 31 patients with head and neck cancer and 31 control patients without cancer symptoms, were enrolled in our study. In our work, the activity of antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), as well as a total antioxidant status (TAS), were estimated. Additionally, an alkaline comet assay was used to measure the level of DNA damage in the group of patients with head and neck cancer and the group of healthy control patients. These tests were performed on a blood sample with and without prior incubation of dinitratebis (1-phenyl-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-N1pyrazol-κN2)cooper(II). Results: Significant increases of SOD, GPX CAT, TAS (P <0.001) were seen in blood from patients with head and neck cancer and prior incubation of cooper (II) component compared to blood from healthy controls without prior incubation of analyzed chemical. Moreover, we did not observe any relationship between the level of DNA damage and the studied component dinitratebis (1-phenyl-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-N1pyrazol-κN2)cooper(II) in the group of patients with head and neck cancer or in healthy controls. Discussion: Free radicals such as reactive oxygen species, which induce oxidative stress, may contribute to head and neck carcinogenesis. Therefore, we suggest that modulation of pro-oxidant /antioxidant status might be a relevant target for both prevention and therapy.

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