Effects of habitual aerobic exercise on the relationship between intramyocellular or extramyocellular lipid content and arterial stiffness

Serum levels of adropin, which enhances endothelial cell release of nitric oxide (NO), are lower in obese patients. Although habitual aerobic exercise reduces arterial stiffness and adiposity, the relationship between these effects and circulating levels of adropin remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine if serum adropin level is associated with the effects of aerobic exercise training on arterial stiffness and adiposity in obese adults. In Experiment 1, we examined whether serum adropin levels are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, carotid β-stiffness, plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) level, and abdominal visceral fat in 27 normal, 20 overweight, and 25 obese adults (age, 41–79 years). In Experiment 2, we examined the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise training program on the relationship between serum adropin level and arterial stiffness or adiposity in 13 obese adults (age, 54–76 years). Serum adropin levels in normal, overweight, and obese adults negatively correlated with carotid β-stiffness and abdominal visceral fat, and positively correlated with plasma NOx level and cardiorespiratory fitness. After the 8-week exercise program, serum adropin levels in obese adults were elevated, and correlated with training-induced changes in carotid β-stiffness (r = –0.573, P < 0.05), plasma NOx level (r = 0.671, P < 0.05), and abdominal visceral fat (r = –0.585, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the exercise training-induced increase in serum adropin may be related to the training effects of arterial stiffness and adiposity in obese adults.

Download Full-text

The relationship between hepatic fibrosis and arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients

Seminars in Dialysis ◽

10.1111/sdi.13011 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatma Betul Guzel ◽

Ilyas Ozturk ◽

Kadir Gisi ◽

Murat Ispiroglu ◽

Gulsum Akkus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Hepatic Fibrosis ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

The Association Between Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and Primary Idiopathic Complete Atrioventricular Block in an Elderly Population

Angiology ◽

10.1177/00033197211028780 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000331972110287

Author(s):

Turhan Turan ◽

Faruk Kara ◽

Selim Kul ◽

Muhammet Rasit Sayın ◽

Sinan Sahin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Atrioventricular Block ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Complete Atrioventricular Block ◽

Age Related ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship ◽

Block Frequency ◽

Complete Atrioventricular ◽

Relevant Factors

The most common cause of complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) is age-related fibrotic degeneration and is referred to as primary idiopathic complete atrioventricular block (iCAVB). This study aims to investigate the relationship between iCAVB and arterial stiffness using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). In this study, of 205 CAVB patients, 41 patients with iCAVB implanted with a dual-chamber permanent pacemaker and 40 age- and gender-matched controls were studied. Arterial stiffness was assessed by a VaSera VS-1000 CAVI instrument. The CAVI values of patients with iCAVB were significantly higher compared with the controls (9.63 ± 1.42 vs 8.57 ± 1.12, P < .001). Idiopathic complete atrioventricular block frequency was higher among patients with abnormal CAVI values than those with borderline and normal CAVI ( P = .04). In multivariate analysis, only CAVI was an independent predictor of iCAVB after adjusting for other relevant factors (odds ratio, 2.575; 95% CI [1.390-4.770]; P = .003). The present study demonstrated that CAVI, as a marker of arterial stiffness, was increased among elderly patients with iCAVB. Thus, we provide a possible additional mechanism linking easily measured CAVI with iCAVB.

Download Full-text

785 Reported Restful Sleep Predicting Emotional Distress: Does Exercise (and its modalities) moderate?

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.782 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A305-A306

Author(s):

Jesse Moore ◽

Ellita Williams ◽

Collin Popp ◽

Anthony Briggs ◽

Judite Blanc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Regression Models ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

The Past ◽

Strengthening Exercise ◽

Waking Up ◽

The Relationship ◽

Age And Sex

Abstract Introduction Literature shows that exercise moderates the relationship between sleep and emotional distress (ED.) However, it is unclear whether different types of exercise, such as aerobic and strengthening, affect this relationship differently. We investigated the moderating role of two types of exercise (aerobic and strengthening) regarding the relationship between ED and sleep. Methods Our analysis was based on data from 2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a nationally representative study in which 2,814 participants provided all data. Participants were asked 1) “how many days they woke up feeling rested over the past week”, 2) the Kessler 6 scale to determine ED (a score >13 indicates ED), and 3) the average frequency of strengthening or aerobic exercise per week. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine if the reported days of waking up rested predicted level of ED. We then investigated whether strengthening or aerobic exercise differentially moderated this relationship. Covariates such as age and sex were adjusted in the logistic regression models. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine if subjective reporting of restful sleep predicted level of ED. We investigated whether strengthening exercise or aerobic exercise differentially moderated this relationship. Covariates such as age and sex were adjusted in the logistic regression models. Results On average, participants reported 4.41 restful nights of sleep (SD =2.41), 3.43 strengthening activities (SD = 3.19,) and 8.47 aerobic activities a week (SD=5.91.) We found a significant association between days over the past week reporting waking up feeling rested and ED outcome according to K6, Χ2(1) = -741, p= <.001. The odds ratio signified a decrease of 52% in ED scores for each unit of restful sleep (OR = .48, (95% CI = .33, .65) p=<.001.) In the logistic regression model with moderation, aerobic exercise had a significant moderation effect, Χ2(1) = .03, p=.04, but strengthening exercise did not. Conclusion We found that restful sleep predicted reduction in ED scores. Aerobic exercise moderated this relationship, while strengthening exercise did not. Further research should investigate the longitudinal effects of exercise type on the relationship between restful sleep and ED. Support (if any) NIH (K07AG052685, R01MD007716, K01HL135452, R01HL152453)

Download Full-text

Serum biomarkers, skin autofluorescence and other methods. Which parameter better illustrates the relationship between advanced glycation end products and arterial stiffness in the general population?

Hypertension Research ◽

10.1038/s41440-020-00601-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Július Gelžinský ◽

Otto Mayer ◽

Jitka Seidlerová ◽

Markéta Mateřánková ◽

Štěpán Mareš ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Advanced Glycation End Products ◽

Serum Biomarkers ◽

Skin Autofluorescence ◽

Advanced Glycation ◽

Glycation End Products ◽

End Products ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Midlife Aerobic Exercise and Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation: Associations with Baroreflex Sensitivity and Central Arterial Stiffness

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00243.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tsubasa Tomoto ◽

Justin Repshas ◽

Rong Zhang ◽

Takashi Tarumi

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Cerebral Autoregulation ◽

Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽

Function Analysis ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Age Related ◽

Transfer Function Analysis ◽

Carotid Distensibility ◽

Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation

Midlife aerobic exercise may significantly impact age-related changes in the cerebro- and cardiovascular regulations. This study investigated the associations of midlife aerobic exercise with dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA), cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and central arterial stiffness. Twenty middle-aged athletes (MA) who had aerobic training for >10 years were compared with 20 young (YS) and 20 middle-aged sedentary (MS) adults. Beat-to-beat cerebral blood flow velocity, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate were measured at rest and during forced BP oscillations induced by repeated sit-stand maneuvers at 0.05 Hz. Transfer function analysis was used to calculate dCA and BRS parameters. Carotid distensibility was measured by ultrasonography. MA had the highest peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) among all groups. During forced BP oscillations, MS showed lower BRS gain than YS, but this age-related reduction was absent in MA. Conversely, dCA was similar among all groups. At rest, BRS and dCA gains at low frequency (~0.1 Hz) were higher in the MA compared with MS and YS groups. Carotid distensibility was similar between MA and YS groups, but it was lower in the MS. Across all subjects, VO2peak was positively associated with BRS gains at rest and during forced BP oscillations (r=0.257~0.382, p=0.003~0.050) and carotid distensibility (r=0.428~0.490, p=0.001). Furthermore, dCA gain at rest and carotid distensibility were positively correlated with BRS gain at rest in YS and MA groups (all p<0.05). These findings suggest that midlife aerobic exercise improves central arterial elasticity and BRS which may contribute to CBF regulation through dCA.

Download Full-text

Abstract W P156: Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults With and Without Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.46.suppl_1.wp156 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ada Tang ◽

Daria Shkredova ◽

Derek W Stouth ◽

Maureen J MacDonald ◽

Jennifer J Heisz

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Pulse Transit Time ◽

Group Differences ◽

Ongoing Work ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Stroke Group ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Silent cerebrovascular infarcts resulting from vascular disease can manifest as a decline in cognitive function. These silent events are also associated with increased risk of clinically overt stroke. Arterial stiffness is a marker that represents atherosclerotic progression and is a predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. This study examined the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment between adults aged 50-80 years old with and without stroke. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that elevated arterial stiffness would be observed in individuals with stroke, and also be associated with increased cognitive impairment across all participants. Methods: Cognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Arterial stiffness was quantified using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV, in m/s), calculated as cfPWV=D/Δt, where D was the distance measured between arterial sites and Δt was the pulse transit time. Higher values represent increased stiffness, and values >10 m/s are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events. Results: Twenty-five participants were assessed: 11 participants 4.7±2.4 years post-stroke and 14 older adults without stroke. The non-stroke group was older (73.1±3.9 vs. 65.2±9.4 years, P=0.009), while the stroke group had lower MoCA scores (21.2±3.2 vs. 24.4±2.8, P=0.01). There were no between-group differences in cfPWV (stroke 9.4 m/s vs. older adults 9.9 m/s, P=0.49), when controlling for age and MoCA scores. In backward regression analysis, age explained 21% of the variance of cfPWV (P=0.03), while MoCA was not a contributor. Conclusions: In conclusion, these results suggest that age is a significant correlate of arterial stiffness, regardless of the presence of stroke or cognitive impairment. Ongoing work will examine whether stroke history also contributes to arterial stiffness when groups are matched for age.

Download Full-text