scholarly journals Fatal attraction of Caenorhabditis elegans to predatory fungi through 6-methyl-salicylic acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Yu ◽  
Xiaodi Hu ◽  
Maria Pop ◽  
Nicole Wernet ◽  
Frank Kirschhöfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Plant Communication ◽  
Trap Formation ◽  
Fatal Attraction ◽  
Spatiotemporal Control ◽  
Interkingdom Communication ◽  
Methyl Salicylic Acid

AbstractSalicylic acid is a phenolic phytohormone which controls plant growth and development. A methyl ester (MSA) derivative thereof is volatile and involved in plant-insect or plant-plant communication. Here we show that the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans uses a methyl-salicylic acid isomer, 6-MSA as morphogen for spatiotemporal control of trap formation and as chemoattractant to lure Caenorhabditis elegans into fungal colonies. 6-MSA is the product of a polyketide synthase and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of arthrosporols. The polyketide synthase (ArtA), produces 6-MSA in hyphal tips, and is uncoupled from other enzymes required for the conversion of 6-MSA to arthrosporols, which are produced in older hyphae. 6-MSA and arthrosporols both block trap formation. The presence of nematodes inhibits 6-MSA and arthrosporol biosyntheses and thereby enables trap formation. 6-MSA and arthrosporols are thus morphogens with some functions similar to quorum-sensing molecules. We show that 6-MSA is important in interkingdom communication between fungi and nematodes.

scholarly journals Author Correction: Fatal attraction of Caenorhabditis elegans to predatory fungi through 6-methyl-salicylic acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Yu ◽  
Xiaodi Hu ◽  
Maria Pop ◽  
Nicole Wernet ◽  
Frank Kirschhöfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Fatal Attraction ◽  
Methyl Salicylic Acid

Induction of traps by Ostertagia ostertagi larvae, chlamydospore production and growth rate in the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Grønvold ◽  
P. Nansen ◽  
S.A. Henriksen ◽  
M. Larsen ◽  
J. Wolstrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Ageing Process ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Ostertagia Ostertagi ◽  
Trap Formation ◽  
Nematode Larvae

AbstractBiological control of parasitic nematodes of domestic animals can be achieved by feeding host animals chlamydospores of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans. In the host faeces, D. flagrans develop traps that may catch nematode larvae. In experiments on agar, D. flagrans had a growth rate between 15 and 60 mm/week at temperatures between 20 and 30°C. The presence of nematodes induces the fungus to produce traps. The rate of trap formation in D. flagrans has an optimum at 30°C, producing 700–800 traps/cm2/2 days, when induced by 20 nematodes/cm2 on agar. Approaching 10 and 35°C the ability to produce traps is gradually reduced. The response of chlamydospore production on agar to changes in temperature is the same as that for trap formation. On agar, at 10, 20 and 30°C D. flagrans loses its trap inducibility after 2–3 weeks. During the ageing process, increasing numbers of chlamydospores are produced up to a certain limit. The time for reaching maximum chlamydospore concentration coincided with the time for loss of induction potential. The implications of these results in relation to biological control in faeces are discussed.

scholarly journals A salicylic acid derivative extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans by activating autophagy and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response

Aging Cell ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. e12830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrnaz Shamalnasab ◽  
Simon-Pierre Gravel ◽  
Julie St-Pierre ◽  
Lionel Breton ◽  
Sibylle Jäger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Acid Derivative ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Protein Response ◽  
Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response

scholarly journals Bacterial second messenger 3′,5′-cyclic diguanylate attracts Caenorhabditis elegans and suppresses its immunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Angeloni ◽  
Yuqing Dong ◽  
Zeneng Wang ◽  
Min Cao
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Cyclic Diguanylate ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interkingdom Communication

AbstractCyclic di-nucleotides are important secondary signaling molecules in bacteria that regulate a wide range of processes. In this study, we found that Caenorhabditis elegans can detect and are attracted to multiple signal molecules produced by Vibrio cholerae, specifically the 3′,5′-cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP), even though this bacterium kills the host at a high rate. C-di-GMP is sensed through C. elegans olfactory AWC neurons, which then evokes a series of signal transduction pathways that lead to reduced activity of two key stress response transcription factors, SKN-1 and HSF-1, and weakened innate immunity. Taken together, our study elucidates the role of c-di-GMP in interkingdom communication. For C. elegans, bacterial c-di-GMP may serve as a cue that they can use to detect food. On the other hand, preexposure to low concentrations of c-di-GMP may impair their immune response, which could facilitate bacterial invasion and survival.

scholarly journals Predatory behaviour of trapping fungi against srf mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans and different plant and animal parasitic nematodes

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. MENDOZA DE GIVES ◽  
K. G. DAVIES ◽  
S. J. CLARK ◽  
J. M. BEHNKE
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Predatory Behaviour ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Nematode Cuticle ◽  
Predatory Response

The initial infection process of nematode-trapping fungi is based on an interaction between the trapping structure of the fungus and the surface of the nematode cuticle. A bioassay was designed to investigate the predatory response of several isolates of nematode-trapping fungi against 3 mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans (AT6, AT10 and CL261), which have been reported to differ in the reaction of their cuticle to antibodies and lectins. The bioassay was also applied to infective larvae of animal (Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia (Ostertagia) circumcincta and Trichostrongylus axei) and plant (Meloidogyne spp.) parasitic nematodes. Differences in trapping ability were most marked in the first 24 h, and were density dependent. Although the isolate of Arthrobotrys responded very rapidly in the first 24 h, Duddingtonia flagrans was generally the most effective isolate and Monacrosporium responded relatively poorly throughout all experiments. All the fungi tested trapped the srf mutants of C. elegans more efficiently than the wild type, and there were differences between the different srf mutants of C. elegans. Differences in trapping ability were also observed between different isolates of D. flagrans; similarly, differences in trapping behaviour were observed not only amongst the different species of plant-parasitic nematodes, but also between the sheathed and exsheathed larvae of the animal-parasitic nematodes.

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