scholarly journals ROCK-1 mediates diabetes-induced retinal pigment epithelial and endothelial cell blebbing: Contribution to diabetic retinopathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Raphaël Rothschild ◽  
Sawsen Salah ◽  
Marianne Berdugo ◽  
Emmanuelle Gélizé ◽  
Kimberley Delaunay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Cell Blebbing

scholarly journals Reversal of the Caspase-Dependent Apoptotic Cytotoxicity Pathway by Taurine fromLycium barbarum(Goji Berry) in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Potential Benefit in Diabetic Retinopathy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Song ◽  
B. D. Roufogalis ◽  
T. H. W. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Cytoprotective Effect ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

Diabetic retinopathy is a preventable microvascular diabetic complication and a leading cause of vision loss. Retinal pigment epithelial cell apoptosis is an early event in diabetic retinopathy. Taurine is reportedly beneficial for diabetic retinopathy and is abundant in the fruit ofLycium barbarum(LB). We have investigated the effect of pure taurine and an extract of LB rich in taurine on a model of diabetic retinopathy, the retinal ARPE-19 cell line exposed to high glucose. We demonstrate for the first time that LB extract and the active ligand, taurine, dose dependently enhance cell viability following high glucose treatment in the ARPE-19 retinal epithelial cell line. This cytoprotective effect was associated with the attenuation of high glucose-induced apoptosis, which was shown by characteristic morphological staining and the dose-dependent decrease in the number of apoptotic cells, determined by flow cytometry. Moreover, we have shown that LB extract and taurine dose dependently downregulate caspase-3 protein expression and the enzymatic activity of caspase-3. We conclude that taurine, a major component of LB, and the LB extract, have a cytoprotective effect against glucose exposure in a human retinal epithelial cell line and may provide useful approaches to delaying diabetic retinopathy progression.

scholarly journals PRMT1 and PRMT4 Regulate Oxidative Stress-Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Damage in SIRT1-Dependent and SIRT1-Independent Manners

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Il Kim ◽  
Min-Jung Park ◽  
Joo-Hee Choi ◽  
In-Seon Kim ◽  
Ho-Jae Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Arginine Methylation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sirt1 Expression ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

Oxidative stress-induced retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell damage is involved in the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Arginine methylation catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) has emerged as an important histone modification involved in diverse diseases. Sirtuin (SIRT1) is a protein deacetylase implicated in the onset of metabolic diseases. Therefore, we examined the roles of type I PRMTs and their relationship with SIRT1 in human RPE cells under H2O2-induced oxidative stress. H2O2treatment increased PRMT1 and PRMT4 expression but decreased SIRT1 expression. Similar to H2O2treatment, PRMT1 or PRMT4 overexpression increased RPE cell damage. Moreover, the H2O2-induced RPE cell damage was attenuated by PRMT1 or PRMT4 knockdown and SIRT1 overexpression. In this study, we revealed that SIRT1 expression was regulated by PRMT1 but not by PRMT4. Finally, we found that PRMT1 and PRMT4 expression is increased in the RPE layer of streptozotocin-treated rats. Taken together, we demonstrated that oxidative stress induces apoptosis both via PRMT1 in a SIRT1-dependent manner and via PRMT4 in a SIRT1-independent manner. The inhibition of the expression of type I PRMTs, especially PRMT1 and PRMT4, and increased SIRT1 could be therapeutic approaches for diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals Gremlin in the Vitreous of Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and the Downregulation of Gremlin in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Qin ◽  
Yan-rong Jiang ◽  
Zijun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Molecules

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common causes of blindness globally. Proliferative DR (PDR), an advanced stage of DR, is characterized by the formation of fibrotic membranes at the vitreoretinal interface. The proliferation, migration, and secretion of extracellular matrix molecules in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells contribute to the formation of fibrotic membranes in PDR. Gremlin has been reported to be upregulated in response to elevated glucose levels in the retina of diabetic rat and bovine pericytes. However, the role of gremlin in PDR remains unclear. In the present study, the vitreous concentrations of gremlin were significantly higher in the PDR (67.79±33.96) group than in the control (45.31±12.31) group, and high glucose levels induced the expression of gremlin in RPE cells. The elevated expression of extracellular matrix molecules, such as fibronectin and collagen IV, was significantly reduced by gremlin siRNA in human RPE cells under high-glucose conditions. Thus, gremlin may play a vital role in the development of PDR.

Quercetin attenuates high glucose-induced injury in human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 by up-regulation of miR-29b

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejiao Wang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Jingyun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

Abstract Quercetin is a kind of distinctive bioactive flavonoid that has potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties. The present article was designed to check the effect of quercetin on diabetic retinopathy. Adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE)-19 cells were pre-treated with quercetin and then stimulated by high glucose. Cell damage was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometer, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe and western blot. The association between quercetin and miR-29b expression as well as the downstream pathways was studied by qRT-PCR and western blot. Pre-treating ARPE-19 cells with quercetin clearly attenuated high glucose-induced viability loss, apoptosis, MCP-1 and IL-6 overproduction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Quercetin down-regulated p53, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 expression, while up-regulated CyclinD1, CDK4 and Bcl-2. miR-29b was low expressed in high glucose-treated cell, but quercetin elevated its expression. Moreover, the protective action of quercetin towards ARPE-19 cells was attenuated when miR-29b was suppressed. Also, quercetin promoted PTEN/AKT pathway, while inhibited NF-κB pathway via a miR-29b-dependent way. These data illustrated quercetin possibly possess the anti-diabetic retinopathy potential, as quercetin clearly attenuated high glucose-evoked damage in ARPE-19 cells. The protective action of quercetin may due to its regulation on miR-29b expression as well as PTEN/AKT and NF-κB pathways.

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