scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of a mini-core subset from the world cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) germplasm collection

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fatokun ◽  
Gezahegn Girma ◽  
Michael Abberton ◽  
Melaku Gedil ◽  
Nnanna Unachukwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Core Subset ◽  
The World

scholarly journals A CORE SUBSET ESTABLISHED FOR THE USDA COWPEA [VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) WALP.] GERMPLASM COLLECTION

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 762c-762
Author(s):  
A.G. Gillaspie ◽  
O.L. Chambliss ◽  
R.L. Fery ◽  
A.E. Hall ◽  
J.C. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Information Network ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Core Subset ◽  
Entire Collection ◽  
Crop Germplasm

The Vigna Crop Germplasm Committee has established a core subset for the USDA cowpea germplasm collection. The subset consists of 9.3% (700 accessions) of the 7525 accessions currently contained in the collection. The subset was selected on the basis of country of origin, taxonomic characteristics, and known disease and pest resistance characteristics. Theoretically, the lines in the subset represent the genetic diversity present in the entire collection. A listing of the accessions in the subset is available from the Vigna germplasm curator (A.G. Gillaspie). The listing can also be accessed through the USDA's Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] accessions from Togo using SSR Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Dodzi Dagnon ◽  
Koffi Kibalou Palanga ◽  
Damigou Bammite ◽  
Ghislain Comlan AKABASSI ◽  
Koffi Tozo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Conservation Program ◽  
Population Structure Analysis

Cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a crop with significant agronomic and nutritional potential. I is very appreciate by local people. It is the third food habit in Togo after maize and rice. However, several accessions of cowpea cultivated in Togo are now prone to extinction, creating a risk of genetic erosion. It is therefore urgent to assess the genetic diversity of accessions in order to set up a good conservation program. To achieve this, genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among 70 accessions of cowpea collected in the five (5) administrative regions of Togo were assessed using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) molecular markers. Twenty-eight out of the thirty-two (32) primer pairs screened for polymorphism were polymorphic, and a total of 164 alleles were detected for the 28 loci with an average of 5.82 alleles per locus. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.18 to 0.895, with an average value of 0.67. Population structure analysis using model-based revealed that the cowpea germplasm was grouped into two subpopulations. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 85% of genetic variation existed among individuals within regions. The fixation index (Fst) value, which was 0.018, was low, indicating relatively low population differentiation. The Togolese cowpea germplasm collection was grouped into four groups independently of theirs origins. This study provides a foundation for a Togolese cowpea germplasm conservation program and can serve for the selection of parental material for further studies aimed at the genetic improvement of local germplasm.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) accessions in a Thailand collection using SNP markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grimar Abdiel Perez ◽  
Pumipat Tongyoo ◽  
Julapark Chunwongse ◽  
Hans de Jong ◽  
Anucha Wongpraneekul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Total Fixation ◽  
Unrooted Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Luffa Acutangula ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis study explored a germplasm collection consisting of 112 Luffa acutangula (ridge gourd) accessions, mainly from Thailand. A total of 2834 SNPs were used to establish population structure and underlying genetic diversity while exploring the fruit characteristics together with genetic information which would help in the selection of parental lines for a breeding program. The study found that the average polymorphism information content value of 0.288 which indicates a moderate genetic diversity for this L. acutangula germplasm. STRUCTURE analysis (ΔK at K = 6) allowed us to group the accessions into six subpopulations that corresponded well with the unrooted phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analyses. When plotted, the STRUCTURE bars to the area of collection, we observed an admixed genotype from surrounding accessions and a geneflow confirmed by the value of FST = 0.137. AMOVA based on STRUCTURE clustering showed a low 12.83% variation between subpopulations that correspond well with the negative inbreeding coefficient value (FIS =  − 0.092) and low total fixation index (FIT = 0.057). There were distinguishing fruit shapes and length characteristics in specific accessions for each subpopulation. The genetic diversity and different fruit shapes in the L. acutangula germplasm could benefit the ridge gourd breeding programs to meet the demands and needs of consumers, farmers, and vegetable exporters such as increasing the yield of fruit by the fruit width but not by the fruit length to solve the problem of fruit breakage during exportation.

Genetic diversity of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) germplasm as revealed by SSR markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Usha Kiran ◽  
N. Mukta ◽  
P. Kadirvel ◽  
K. Alivelu ◽  
S. Senthilvel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Core Subset

Safflower is a multi-purpose oilseed crop, primarily known for good quality oil containing highest polyunsaturated fatty acid content (>80%) among edible oils. In this study, a core subset of 148 safflower accessions representing 15 countries, predominantly of Indian origin, was evaluated for agronomic traits and characterized for genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) using 44 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci across 11 linkage groups to enable its utilization in breeding and genetic mapping purposes. The collection had substantial variation for seed yield-related traits. SSR allelic variation was low as indicated by average number of alleles (3.6) per locus, gene diversity (0.314) and polymorphism information content (0.284). Cluster analysis (neighbour-joining tree) revealed five major genotypic groups with very low bootstrap support. STRUCTURE analysis showed recognizable population structure; based on membership coefficients ( ≥ 0.75), 52% accessions were classified into four populations (K= 4) and the remaining 48% accessions into admixture group. High Fst values (0.30–0.48) suggested that the populations were substantially differentiated. Analysis of molecular variance results showed that maximum of genetic variation (85%) was explained between individuals within the population suggesting that the population structure was only weak. About 1.9% of SSR locus pairs were in LD, which appeared to be low. High phenotypic variation, mild population structure and low level of LD among unlinked loci suggested that the core subset can be explored for association mapping of seed yield components in safflower.

Genetic diversity, population structure and association analysis in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) germplasm using SSR markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Geethanjali ◽  
J. Anitha Rukmani ◽  
D. Rajakumar ◽  
P. Kadirvel ◽  
P.L. Viswanathan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Model Based Clustering

AbstractA world-wide coconut germplasm collection (79 genotypes) was analyzed for genetic diversity and population structure based on 48 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. The genotypes displayed moderately high amount of genetic diversity, which was strongly structured according to geographical origins. Number of SSR alleles ranged from 2 to 7 with an average of 4.1 per locus. Gene diversity (expected heterozygosity) estimates ranged from 0.162 to 0.811 with a mean of 0.573. Polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.149 to 0.785 with an average of 0.522. Hierarchical clustering analysis grouped the genotypes into two major clusters with two sub-groups in each, which corresponded with the geographic origins. The first cluster comprised of ‘Tall’ genotypes originated from Indo-Atlantic and South Asia regions. The second cluster comprised mostly of ‘Dwarf’ genotypes and some Tall genotypes which originated from Indo-Pacific and South-East Asia regions. Model-based clustering by STRUCTURE analysis also supported the presence of clear genetic structuring in the collection with two major populations (K = 2) and four sub-populations (K = 4). The proportion of SSR locus-pairs in linkage disequilibrium was low (2.4%). Association analysis in a subset of 44 genotypes detected a single SSR locus, CnCir73 (chromosome 1) putatively associated with fruit yield component traits, which corresponded with a previously mapped quantitative trait locus in coconut.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] Germplasm Collected from Togo Based on DArT Markers

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1451
Author(s):  
Kodjo M. Gbedevi ◽  
Ousmane Boukar ◽  
Haruki Ishikawa ◽  
Ayodeji Abe ◽  
Patrick O. Ongom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Dart Markers ◽  
Crop Genetic Diversity

Crop genetic diversity is a sine qua non for continuous progress in the development of improved varieties, hence the need for germplasm collection, conservation and characterization. Over the years, cowpea has contributed immensely to the nutrition and economic life of the people in Togo. However, the bulk of varieties grown by farmers are landraces due to the absence of any serious genetic improvement activity on cowpea in the country. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 255 cowpea accessions collected from five administrative regions and the agricultural research institute of Togo were assessed using 4600 informative diversity array technology (DArT) markers. Among the regions, the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.19 to 0.27 with a mean value of 0.25. The expected heterozygosity (He) varied from 0.22 to 0.34 with a mean value of 0.31, while the observed heterozygosity (Ho) varied from 0.03 to 0.07 with an average of 0.05. The average inbreeding coefficient (FIS) varied from 0.78 to 0.89 with a mean value of 0.83, suggesting that most of the accessions are inbred. Cluster analysis and population structure identified four groups with each comprising accessions from the six different sources. Weak to moderate differentiation was observed among the populations with a genetic differentiation index varying from 0.014 to 0.117. Variation was highest (78%) among accessions within populations and lowest between populations (7%). These results revealed a moderate level of diversity among the Togo cowpea germplasm. The findings of this study constitute a foundation for genetic improvement of cowpea in Togo.

scholarly journals COWPEA VIRUSES, INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC, AND UNIQUE MECHANISMS BY WHICH THEY ARE DISSEMINATED AND INADVERTENTLY INTRODUCED

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 493g-493
Author(s):  
Richard Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
The World ◽  
Cowpea Aphid ◽  
The Government

Vectors with specific vector-virus relationships (e.g., aphid, beetle, thrip, nematode) commonly cause short-range dissemination of cowpea viruses. However, viruses that are seed-borne in cowpea can be disseminated around the world in a single year through seed shipments. Likewise, increased world emphasis on germplasm collection and exchange, for development of improved crop cultivars, increases the risk of disseminating seed-borne viruses in germplasm. Seed-borne cowpea viruses that are not reported in the U.S.A., but are apt to occur in Vigna unguiculata from world centers of cowpea origin include COWPEA APHID-BORNE MOSAIC, COWPEA MILD MOTTLE, COWPEA MOSAIC, and COWPEA MOTTLE VIRUSES. All of these viruses were detected by ELISA serology in V. unguiculata seedlots processed as potential germplasm introductions, in collaboration with the government of Denmark. Germplasm-borne viruses, once introduced into breeding programs, may be seed-transmitted directly into breeding progenies, along with genes derived from the germplasm source. Such viruses also may be spread by insect vectors to other breeding lines, and could cause disease outbreaks to nearby commercial cowpea crops.

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