The aim of this work is to increase the physicochemical, deformation and strength properties and to reduce the combustibility of composites on the base of epoxy resin by introducing a oligo(resorcinophenyl phosphate) with terminal phenyl groups Fyrolflex - modifier of polyfunctional action, and disperse mineral fillers – diorite and chromite. Result of the studies established that the optimum amount of modifier in the composition of the epoxy resin is 40 mass parts, which provides an increase in the operational properties of the composites: the breaking stress at bending increases by 2 times, the breaking stress at compression increases by 28%, the impact strength increases twice, while the modulus of elasticity and hardness of composites slightly decrease. The addition of modifier into the epoxy polymer provides an increase in heat resistance from 86 to 132–156 °C, also it improves the thermal stability of the composite, which manifests itself in a shift from the initial temperature to higher temperatures (from 200 to 230 °C), while it is noticed furthermore that yield of carbonized Structures was risen from 40 to 54%, providing less release of volatile pyrolysis products into the gas phase, which leads to the decrease in flammability of the epoxy composite and it can be shown in the reduction of its loss in mass while cauterizing in air from 78 to about 4.7% and an increase in the oxygen index from 19 to 28% by volume what transfers the material into class with low flammability. The rational content of diorite and chromite (100 parts by weight of chromite and 50 parts by mass of diorite) is chosen as a filler, which ensures an increase in physical and mechanical characteristics and a reduction in the cost of production: the breaking stress increases by 15–30% and the elastic modulus at bending increases 3.5–4.5 times, the breaking stress increases by 35%, and the tensile modulus by 50–240%, the hardness increases by 68–95%, while the impact strength remains at the level of the unfilled plasticized composite. In addition, it is proved that the addition of both diorite and chromite provides an increase in the thermal and heat resistance of epoxy composites, also lowers combustibility of the epoxy composite: the weight loss at ignition in air is reduced to 1.2–2.2% and the oxygen index rises from 28 to 30–35% by volume, thus the material does not support combustion in air and belongs to the class of hardly flammable. The study was carried out with the financial support of a grant for young scientists of the SSTU named after Gagarin Yu.A. (project SGTU-287).
Reinforcement of Epoxy Composites with Graphite-Graphene Structures
